- •1.Лексический модуль
- •2.Грамматический модуль
- •3. Тесты
- •Working with words
- •Working with word combinations and sentences
- •8. Rewrite these scrambled sentences putting the words in
- •9. Translate from Russian into English.
- •Working with texts
- •10. Read and translate the text.
- •Systematics
- •Light from Life
- •14. Text for translation into English. Text 4 Система живого мира
- •Speaking and writing
- •15.Make a report about any plant or animal, giving its classification.
- •16.Choose any of the following ideas (or propose your own), find information and write an essay (150-250 words).
- •1. Word building.
- •2. Make word combinations using the following words.
- •3. Match a word in a to its definition in b.
- •4. Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.
- •5. Give English equivalents to the following word combinations.
- •6. Match the beginnings and the endings of the sentences.
- •7. Read and translate the text.
- •8. Match a title to the paragraph.
- •9. Answer the questions to Text 1.
- •10. Read the texts using your dictionary.
- •11. Text for translation into English.
- •12.Make a report about any bacterium you find interesting and unusual. Write a plan first and do not forget to mention
- •13.Choose any of the following ideas (or propose your own), find information and write an essay (150-250 words).
- •1.Word building.
- •2.Match a word in a to its definition in b.
- •3.Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.
- •4.Translate these word combinations.
- •5.Find out the difference between synonyms and write sentences, illustrating it.
- •7.Translate from Russian into English.
- •8. Read and translate the text.
- •9. Match a title to the paragraph.
- •10. Using information from the text,
- •11. Read the texts using your dictionary.
- •12. Text for translation into English.
- •13. Make a report about any amphibian you find interesting and unusual. Write a plan first and do not forget to mention amphibian`s
- •14.Choose any of the following ideas (or propose your own), find information and write an essay (150 -250 words).
- •1.Write antonyms for the following words.
- •2.Write synonyms for the following words.
- •3.Match a word in a to its definition in b.
- •4.Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.
- •5.Give English equivalents to the following word combinations.
- •6.Match the beginnings and endings of the sentences.
- •7. Read and translate the text.
- •Insects
- •8.Look at the picture and, using information from Text1, label parts of the insect.
- •9. Match a title to the paragraph.
- •10. Answer the questions to Text 1.
- •11. Read the texts using your dictionary.
- •12. Text for translation into English.
- •13.Make a report about any insect you find interesting and unusual. Write a plan first and do not forget to mention insect`s
- •14.Choose any of the following ideas (or propose your own), find additional information and write an essay (150-250 words).
- •1.Look at the picture and label parts of the fish.
- •2.Word building.
- •3.Give opposite meaning to the words from the box and insert them in the sentences of your own.
- •4.Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.
- •5.Give English equivalents to the following word combinations.
- •6.Match a word in a to its definition in b. Write your own sentences with these words.
- •7. Match the beginnings and endings of the sentences.
- •8. Look at the pictures. What adaptations do these fishes have? Why?
- •9. Read and translate the text.
- •10. Answer these questions to Text 1.
- •11. Read the texts using your dictionary.
- •12. Text for translation into English.
- •13.Make a report about any fish you find interesting and unusual. Write a plan first and do not forget to mention fish`s
- •14.Choose any of the following ideas (or propose your own), find information and write an essay (150 - 250 words).
- •1.Word building.
- •2.Match an animal to a suitable group name.
- •3.Match a word in a to its definition in b.
- •4. Look at the picture and label parts of the bird.
- •5.Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.
- •6.Give English equivalents to the following word combinations.
- •7.Match a title and a paragraph.
- •8. Read and translate the text.
- •9. Match a title and a paragraph.
- •11. Read the texts using your dictionary.
- •12. Text for translation into English.
- •13.Make a report about any bird you find interesting and unusual. Write a plan first and do not forget to mention bird`s
- •14.Choose any of the following ideas (or propose your own), find information and write an essay (150 - 250 words).
- •1. Word building.
- •7. Separate parts of an animal from bear`s food.
- •8. Give English equivalents to the following word combinations.
- •9. If someone behaves a people say they are b.
- •10. Translate from Russian into English.
- •11. Read and translate the text.
- •12. Find key sentences in each paragraph.
- •13. Write a title to each paragraph.
- •14. Answer the questions to Text 1.
- •15. Read the texts using your dictionary.
- •16. Text for translation into English.
- •17.Make a report about any mammal you find interesting and unusual. Write a plan first and do not forget to mention mammal`s
- •18.Choose any of the following ideas (or propose your own), find information and write an essay (150-250 words).
- •1.Word building.
- •6.Give English equivalents to the following word combinations.
- •7.Match the beginning and the ending of the sentences.
- •8.Match a part of eye structure to its definition and its context.
- •9.Read and translate the text.
- •Invertebrates
- •10.Give a title to each paragraph.
- •11.Answer these questions to Text 1.
- •12. Read the texts using your dictionary.
- •13. Text for translation into English.
- •14.Make a report about any invertebrate you find interesting and unusual. Write a plan first and do not forget to mention invertebrate`s
- •15.Choose any of the following ideas (or propose your own), find information and write an essay (150 - 250 words).
- •1.Write another word with a similar meaning.
- •6.Label parts of the flower.
- •7.Give English equivalents to the following word combinations.
- •8.Translate into English.
- •9.Guess the meaning of the words from the context.
- •10. Read and translate the text.
- •11. Give a title to each paragraph.
- •12. Pair work. Ask and answer 6 questions to Text 1.
- •13. Read the texts using your dictionary.
- •Venus Flytrap
- •14. Text for translation into English.
- •15.Make a report about any plant you find interesting and unusual. Write a plan first and do not forget to mention plant`s
- •16.Choose any of the following ideas ( or propose your own), find information and write an essay ( 150-250 words).
- •1.Form nouns and adjectives from the verbs given. Pay attention to the suffixes.
- •2.Match definition in a to the word in b.
- •3. Look at the picture and label parts of the mushroom.
- •4.Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.
- •5.Give English equivalents to the following word combinations.
- •6.Read definitions and write names of the mushroom`s parts.
- •7. Explain the concepts given in your own words.
- •8. Read and translate the text.
- •9. Find key sentences in each paragraph.
- •10. Match a title with the passage.
- •11. Pair work. Ask and answer 6 questions to the Text 1.
- •12. Read the texts using your dictionary.
- •13. Text for translation into English.
- •14.Make a report about any fungus you find interesting and unusual. Write a plan first and do not forget to mention fungus`s
- •15.Choose any of the following ideas (or propose your own), find information and write an essay (150-250 words).
- •1.Word building.
- •2.Match a word in a to its definition in b.
- •3.Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.
- •4.Give English equivalents to the following word combinations.
- •5.We know that scientific ideas could be :
- •6.Translate into English.
- •7. Read and translate the text.
- •Ideas about evolution
- •8. Pair work. Ask and answer 6 questions to Text 1.
- •9. Summarize the information from the text about one of the concepts and add some additional data.
- •10. Read the texts using your dictionary.
- •11. Text for translation into English.
- •12.Make a report about any scientist you find interesting. There are several famous scientists mentioned in the article.
- •13.Writing
- •1.Use prefixes and form the new words.
- •2.Define the following words.
- •3.Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.
- •4.Give English equivalents to the following word combinations.
- •5.Make sure that you understand these verbs with prepositions and write sentences, incorporating them.
- •6. Translate from Russian into English.
- •7.Read and translate the text.
- •8.Give definitions to the following concepts from Text1.
- •9.Answer the questions to Text 1.
- •10. Read the texts using your dictionary.
- •11. Text for translation into English.
- •12.Make a report about any ecosystem you find interesting and unusual. Write a plan first and do not forget to mention ecosystem`s
- •13.Choose any of the following ideas (or propose your own), find information and write an essay (150-250 words).
- •1.Match a and b to make word combinations.
- •2.Word building.
- •3.Explain the following words.
- •4.Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.
- •5.Give English equivalents to the following word combination.
- •6.Define the following concepts.
- •7.Make sure that you understand these verbs with prepositions and write sentences, incorporating them.
- •8.Translate into English.
- •9. Read and translate the text.
- •10. Pair work. Ask and answer 6 questions to Text 1.
- •11. Find key sentences in each paragraph and give paragraphs appropriate titles.
- •12. Read the texts using your dictionary.
- •13. Text for translation into English.
- •14 Make a report about any problem, connected with extinction, you find interesting and unusual. Write a plan first and do not forget to mention
- •15.Choose any of the following ideas (or propose your own), find information and write an essay (150-250 words).
- •8. Read and translate the text.
- •9. Match a title to the part of the text.
- •10. Pair work. Ask and answer 6 questions to the Text 1.
- •11. Read the texts using dictionary.
- •12. Text for translation into English.
- •13.Make a report about any particular case of adaptation you find interesting and unusual.
- •14.Choose any of the following ideas (or propose your own), find information and write an essay (150-250 words).
- •1.Write synonyms to the following words.
- •2.Match a word in a to its definition in b.
- •3.Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.
- •4.Give English equivalents to the following word combinations.
- •5.Define the words in English and insert them in the sentences of your own.
- •6.Translate into English.
- •7.Explain in your own words these concepts.
- •8. Read and translate the text.
- •9. Match a title with the paragraph.
- •10. Pair work. Ask and answer 6 questions to Text 1.
- •11. Read the texts using your dictionary.
- •12. Text for translation into English.
- •13.Make a report about any endangered animal you find interesting and unusual. Write a plan first and do not forget to mention animal`s
- •14.Choose any of the following ideas ( or propose your own), find information and write an essay ( 150 – 250 words).
- •Infinitive/Gerund
- •It is… that (which, who).
- •Insert linking words from the box into the following sentences.
- •Insert linking words into the following texts.
- •1. Complete the table with singular and plural forms of nouns.
- •2. Match the adjectives with the nouns to construct word combinations. Use three of these word combinations in your own sentences.
- •3. Choose the correct word to complete the text. Be attentive! There are two odd words.
- •4. Give terms corresponding to the following definitions.
- •5. Explain the following terms.
- •6. Translate from Russian into English.
- •1. Complete the table with singular and plural forms of nouns.
- •2. Form adjectives from the following nouns. Sometimes more than one adjective can be formed. Use three of the received words in your own sentences.
- •3. Choose the correct word to complete the text.
- •4. Give terms corresponding to the following definitions.
- •5. Label parts of the fish.
- •6. Explain the following terms.
- •7. Translate from Russian into English.
- •1. Complete the word combinations with prepositions. Use three of the received word combinations in your own sentences.
- •2. Match the adjectives with the nouns to construct word combinations. Use three of these word combinations in your own sentences.
- •3. Choose the correct word to complete the text.
- •4. Give terms corresponding to the following definitions.
- •5. Describe any plant.
- •6. Translate from Russian into English.
- •1. Using different prefixes and suffixes create new words.
- •2. Match the verbs with the nouns to construct word combinations. Use three of these word combinations in your own sentences.
- •3. Choose the correct word to complete the text.
- •4. Explain the relationship between the following words.
- •5. Describe any ecosystem.
- •6. Translate from Russian into English.
- •1. Write synonyms and antonyms to the following words.
- •2. Make questions out of the words. Then answer them.
- •4. Explain the relationship between the following words.
- •5. Give terms corresponding to the following definitions.
- •6. Translate from Russian into English.
- •1.Put the verbs in brackets into Present, Past, Future Simple; Past Continuous or Present Perfect Passive Tense.
- •1.Future forms
- •2.Articles
- •3.Countable and uncountable nouns
- •1.Degrees of comparison
- •2.Conditionals
- •1.Modals
- •2.Emphasis
- •3.Passive
- •1.Sequence of Tenses
- •2.Reported Speech
- •3.Linking words
11. Text for translation into English.
Text 4
Бактерии
Бакте́рии— группа (царство) прокариотных (безъядерных) микроорганизмов, чаще всего одноклеточных. К настоящему времени описано около десяти тысяч видов бактерий и предполагается, что их существует свыше миллиона.
Впервые бактерий увидел в оптический микроскоп и описал голландский натуралист Антони ван Левенгук в 1676 году. Как и всех микроскопических существ он назвал их «анималькули». Название «бактерии» ввёл в употребление Христиан Эренберг в 1828.
Луи Пастер в 1850-е положил начало изучению физиологии и метаболизма бактерий, а также открыл их болезнетворные свойства. Дальнейшее развитие медицинская микробиология получила в трудах Роберта Коха, которым были сформулированы общие принципы определения возбудителя болезни.
Подавляющее большинство бактерий одноклеточны. По форме клеток они могут быть шаровидными (кокки), палочковидными (бациллы), извитыми (вибрионы), реже — звездчатыми, тетраэдрическими, кубическими, C- или O-образными. Формой определяются такие способности бактерий, как прикрепление к поверхности, подвижность, поглощение питательных веществ.
Из обязательных клеточных структур выделяют три:
нуклеоид
рибосомы
цитоплазматическая мембрана (ЦПМ).
С внешней стороны от ЦПМ находятся несколько слоёв (клеточная стенка, капсула, слизистый чехол), называемых клеточной оболочкой, а также поверхностные структуры (жгутики, ворсинки(villi)). ЦПМ и цитоплазму объединяют вместе в понятие протопласт.
Вся необходимая для жизнедеятельности бактерий генетическая информация содержится в одной ДНК (бактериальная хромосома), Она в одной точке прикреплена к ЦПМ и помещается в структуре, обособленной, но не отделённой мембраной от цитоплазмы, и называемой нуклеоид. ДНК в развёрнутом состоянии имеет длину более 1 мм.
Размеры бактерий в среднем составляют 0,5-5 мкм. В то же время к бактериям относятся самые мелкие из имеющих клеточное строение организмов. Mycoplasma mycoides имеет размеры 0,1-0,25 мкм, что соответствует размеру крупных вирусов, например, табачной мозаики или гриппа.
Многие бактерии подвижны. Имеется несколько принципиально различных типов движения бактерий. Наиболее распространено движение при помощи жгутиков: одиночных бактерий . Другим типом движения является скольжение бактерий, не имеющих жгутиков, по поверхности твёрдых сред. Наконец, бактерии могут всплывать и погружаться в жидкости, меняя свою плотность, наполняя газами или опустошая аэросомы.
Часть из них может синтезировать все необходимые им органические молекулы из неорганических соединений (автотрофы), другие же требуют готовых органических соединений, которые они способны лишь трансформировать (гетеротрофы).
Speaking and writing
12.Make a report about any bacterium you find interesting and unusual. Write a plan first and do not forget to mention
appearance
habitat
feeding habits
way of reproduction of these bacteria.
13.Choose any of the following ideas (or propose your own), find information and write an essay (150-250 words).
The origin of bacteria
Harmful bacteria
Useful bacteria
Extraordinary abilities of bacteria.
Unit 3
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Тема урока Amphibia текст 1 Class Amphibia текст 2 Some facts about amphibian behaviour текст 3 Red-Eyed Tree Frog текст 4 Красноглазые квакши текст 5 Класс Амфибии текст 6 Амфибии и глобальное потепление |
Words
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dweller
n. a person or animal that lives in a particular place
gland
n. an organ in the human or animal body which secretes particular chemical substances for use in the body or for discharge into the surroundings
distinction
n. a clear difference or separation between two similar things
drought
n. a long period of dry weather when there is not enough water for plants and animals to live
ailment
n. an illness that is not very serious
exceed
v. to be greater in number or size than (a quantity, number, or other measurable thing)
stout
adj. strong and thick
existence
n. the fact or state of living or having objective reality
wart
n. a small hard raised part on someone's skin
exploit
n. a brave and exciting adventure that someone has had
v. to use something fully and effectively
extant
adj. still existing in spite of being very old
fore (limb)
n. an arm or leg of a person or four-legged animal, or a bird's wing
hatch
v. if an egg hatches, or if it is hatched, it breaks, letting the young bird, insect etc come out
hind (limb)
adj. an animal's hind legs are at the back of its body.
hop
v. to move by jumping on one foot
horny
adj. something that is horny is hard, strong, and made of horn or of a hard substance like horn.
irritate
v. to make someone feel annoyed or impatient, especially by doing something many times or for a long period of time
avoid
v. to stay away from someone or something, or not use something
newt
n. a small slender-bodied amphibian with lungs and a well-developed tail, typically spending its adult life on land and returning to water to breed
parotid
adj. relating to, situated near, or affecting a parotid gland
poison
n. poison is a substance that harms or kills people or animals if they swallow it or absorb it
v. to make land, rivers, air etc dirty and dangerous, especially by the use of harmful chemicals
prey
n. an animal, bird etc that is hunted and eaten by another animal, predator
distinguish
v. to recognize and understand the difference between two or more things or people, differentiate
require
v. to need for a particular purpose; depend on for success or survival
rough
adj. having an uneven or irregular surface; not smooth or level
squat
adj. short and thick or low and wide, especially in a way which is not attractive
tail
n. the part that sticks out at the back of an animal's body, and that it can move
burrow
v. (of an animal) make a hole or tunnel, esp. to use as a dwelling
eject
v. to force or throw something out, typically in a violent or sudden way
leap
v. to jump high into the air or to jump in order to land in a different place
thaw out
v. if ice or snow thaws, or if the sun thaws it, it turns into water
toad
n. a tailless amphibian with a short stout body and short legs, typically having dry warty skin that can exude poison
tadpole
n. a small creature that has a long tail, lives in water, and grows into a frog or toad
spawn
v. if a fish or frog spawns, it produces eggs in large quantities at the same time
venom
n. poisonous fluid secreted by animals such as snakes and scorpions and typically injected into prey or aggressors by biting or stinging
webbed (limb)
n. webbed feet or toes have a piece of skin between the toes (water birds such as ducks have webbed feet)
Make sure you know these words
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1. |
Amphibia |
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2. |
arthropod |
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3. |
Anura |
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6. |
terrestrial |
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8. |
mucous |
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Working with words