Том 3
.pdf. . & " " , .; . . . 5 / ", . . ., . ( « ! »)
SIMULINK MATLAB
* " & #% # " /" "& > "#" 8 # # " " & @- =# ? = @ " #"& 8 8 #@, " ? C C $# # " 8 *E " " # "#/, 8 A "$#8 > " #C# & 8, # C A "$#8 > " #C# & 8 $ $" %- 8 >, "& " &* >8# "#" 8 8#, =#8#" ? "$ - > / A "$& ##.
/ #% % / ? > ?>& " % # 8 & / A& 8 / "#" 8> #% ## $& > & C % , " &- / ? "" / # " # . " >8# A& 8 8# "#" 8> & @ "$# >/ $& ?8 >/ $$ $> C /" # , ?- 8 & # " # >/ $& #% . " % "* " / &*@, ?> % 8 ?> * #"$&*% >8# & " % > #8 ? > "#" 8>, 8 #"& # ? > & ? % & ?- ## $ #% #@ " /" # ? ? # % .
# $#% #& "* $# #"$&*% ## $C 88> Simulink MatLab [1]. D $8 =*@ " % > 8 & / $& ?8 > $$ -/ ? ?> $& > % # 8$ # & C "- # &* " / $" # $&- # 8 "" ?8 . $% & @ "& # * % "$& # 8 A # # $# #%8 ## > > #, " " ## " A #8, " # * "$# # # # > $ - 8 ? "#" 8> & 8 # &* C $& ?8 C $$ -" " #.
' $" & / ? ?> ""8 > % > #8> ! # # # " , $ # % # " & > "- " @=# > >.
" "8 > A& 8 %8 " % # ?#?- # Simulink $ $& #@ «$& 8 "" ?8 > $""> # "- #», " " @= / " = 8 . # A / ?#? #, " @ *, $% % # * 8 # " = " 8 *E 8 # # $" # $"" $" # % & > " 8," %8 " * %# * ? ? & "& > "#" 8 # " # $# * $#8#% #@ $ % >8 $8 8.
0 +
1. >" .'. Simulink 5-6-7: " 8 # &*. .: -< "", 2008.
151
! " & , . (Hochschule Lausitz, Cottbus);. . . 5 ", . . ., . ( « ! »)
& E # % # $# # # $& # ? / " , > $& / ? ? $C @ " $&$% > ($#" > ) & (" & 8 "" , E# , #, $#= > $>), ? @ " % # $& !#- %# " # # 8 # # > " /" &, " @=# A 8 $"" .
< & C " 8 $& # $& !#%# " # # 8 # #- > #" # $&$% > &, " >/ " ? " # % # # 8$> $& /, ? "& & > $"" 8# $&$ - " # # ?Š 8 C $C& = # #%& # , >/ ? % 8 $@= C , C # $ $= C % # & #" > $.
" $&$" * # C # " ?" C 8$C #%- & # % # &* @ ! 8# # 8$C $& $&$% / " , . . >$& " "& #
|
(a 2T / x2 q |
/ ) / q (k / c) e kx |
1 , |
(1) |
|||
|
" ? |
! |
0 |
|
|
|
|
8$ $& $#"> " > # 8 |
|
|
|
||||
|
T (x, ) T0 q0(k / c) exp( kx) . |
|
(2) |
||||
< " &* % #"#8 " * T ( ) |
&@? / $&$% C $& "- |
||||||
C & , " C& " (2), / $ 8 #, , $ A % #"#8 " * |
|||||||
A "$#8 &* (8# #8 8 C $#% &* > x1 |
# x2 ). |
||||||
8 / # $% &* $C& = # ( "& ?& # ) $ ! 8 & |
|
||||||
|
k x 1 ln |
2 |
/ . |
|
|
(3) |
|
|
|
|
1 |
[1 r(l)]q |
|
||
F C % # , >" * & q |
[' /82] |
||||||
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
$ |
|
# [ /(83· )] ( " #% " #% # ) $ E #@ (2), $# #%- " / # $@= C $ — &* @ (r), $C& =- &* @ ( $C&) # $ $" &* @ (d) "$" ? " #.
" "& # q" ? q0 , $# " 8 & #" 8
C #8 8 "& @= > # & " A!!# # 8$ -$" # & " C %#" # C #8 C :
a |
L2 |
X |
2 |
X |
2 |
|
X |
1 |
X |
2 |
|
e BuX1 e BuX2 |
|
||||
|
# |
|
1 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
. |
(4) |
|||||
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 e Bu |
Bu(1 |
e Bu ) |
||||||||||
|
# |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
|
|
! |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F "* Bu kL — # #/ €C ; |
Xi |
xi / L — ? % %8 #- |
|||||||||||||||
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
152
35
$ !
— ". . 8 , . . ., . . 5 / "
— #. . 5 / "
.5. 2 " , #. . , 3; . 9. . 2 " , . . ., . ( 5 , '. * " )
«-!»
!# # A C " " — #% / " 8 / ""##. - C , " &* # 8# % # " # " / # ! # # $--A C # " #/ 8$& ", " &* ?>" " # @ " # @ " > # # > #" # # A C##, % #"# 8 # C A- 8# " #/ " # ?& C$& # " & # " >.
?Š 8 #""& # >"$#& « "-@ E " "$# E & $ 8 "$ » C. &*8 * " , / $&- " ? # € — 8 " , A& # " #8 $# &* >8 & 8 " ## " #$ -245, 8 = " *@ N = 45 ' ( # & — ? #/, #
— % >/). < "" C %#!# ## $ C #%-% &- " # C %$ ""8 # 8 C ?Š .
' " &* # C # $& " ? # ?Š "- "8 # & "* " ?# C % C — 8 &* €20.
€# C % #"$&*% @ " $ & $#% " A& A- C##, $& # $ ? " 8 ?#&* C $ . €# C % $& " #8 , " " # #% 8 (55,85 %) # C& #"& C C % (15,45 %), 8 " * "& > " . C $& "C # " " & 21 — 27,2 /83 [1, 2].
& $& # ?Š #""& # ?>& $? ? # : ?# C % " €20, " &* / C / >/ & 8 # RIELLO RTT 59 8 = " *@ 58,7 ' , C % C & Gulliver BS2. < #% " A 8# " / A!! # " #. D $8 " # $ " "- #& 4,06 C .
153
D $8 =*@ ?# C % / " # $& " &* %8 " * &* % # &* " # * " > A C#@, # $& # * $&- # &* @ $#?>&*, $ $? > > # C $#"- # .
0 +
1.( #- — >" ? &* $ & " C# ""## / .D. < # . // " # $& " ? # . — 2008. ƒ 89.
2.( #: 8# / $> # $C % % # # : >/ # " #/ ?% . .: "# ! 8 C , 2007.
154
. . ", .; . . . # * ", . . ., . ( « ! »)
!
"8 "@ "& " * C % % > $"" , $> E C# # #""& #@ $ $# #8 "* = & XIX . # "- = 8 8 # & # , A& # " C , #% & $& " *@. D = " E* $ #" & #@ &* > ! 8 , #8 @=# 8 " 88 # / $$, " / # # $ $" " ? 8 % E 8 $" " .
& "! > A& " ? # $" & # " $"" % #8- /" # C# # A& " #. ' # $" > #"$&*% # % "* E# $#8 @ " %> 8> 8 « C =# », $#"> @=# # $8 A& # " / " # # $8 > &@ & C #" # # A& # " / C#.
D # $& " #8 @=# " 8 & /, #? & $ $& >8# & @ " 8 ""# # / . ? 8 $" > #!! #- &* 8 ## $C $, > @= 8 #% A C # " C ?- & " & A& # " / C#, # / #% # , & $= # , $#- #8 " $= #/. ' " " #, / $ $& #&, $& 8 = " *, #8 " &? C#, & " # / $" /. ' 8 ""# $" >8 $# #8 " $# C#. ? $$#" #@ C# " " @ &* > $""> & % > % #/ . #8 , 8 &* ""# ? & " C $# & ? &*E# , 8 &* / & 8 &> C# [1].
' " = / ? #8 # & " >" &* >8 > &@- & 8, > C C " = / " / & " A& C %. < & C " %- ? !#%# " / 8 A& # " / C# " #"$&*% # 8 ? & "- C # & A C##, # # # # " # /& , % 8 # # D — C8@ .
' &* /E 8 8 &* C# ? "& # * # " 8 8 & % " # # # # 8# # $& 8 "" ?8 > # # #% # > $"" ,% #%8 # "& #/ $# A # $"" $# #%8- ## # > A& # " C .
8 C , $#"> 8 !#%# " 8 &* " %8 " * #% * # & # A& C % C C " = 8 " /" > &@ & , # $8 C % C $ % $ "$& A& #- " # #" # # C#.
0 +
1. Erk A. Schmelzle M. Grundlagen der Schaltgerätetechnik. B.: Springer, 1974.
155
. . " , .; . . . "= , . . ., . ( 5! , '. )
« #8# " #/ % #8. .ˆ. $» — #% " 8 > ""#/" # $ $# #/ $ $#% " C # " # = " #- " /, # / # ! 8$/ / !# #/, C $# E& E# $#8 # 8 C# "& $8>E& " #.
/" @=#/ " = 8 Y &* >/ % ƒ 261 « ? A- C "? ## # $>E ## A C # " / A!! # " # # " ## #%8 #/ &* > % &* > > Y» $ $& C #" $ $# #/ — ?& & / A C # " C % /" , 8 #"- & # C $ $# # , A C # " C $"$.
#8 #% " > % & A C$"$ & " $* 8- $# #/ $ A C " ? #@, > ? #8 $" # $"& $ - # A C # .
' " $#8 > A C "? C @=# 8$# #/, - ? #8> $#@ & $ $# #/ C #$, 8 $# " # "& @=# :
1."$&*% # ?&-8 &* > $& > $ " "#" 8 / - 8 # " C C # $& 8 , $% " =- " " # * $# $& / A C##.
2.&* " = # ? # % . F " @ $# # " % 8 % $& C " = # ( " = " & " & 8$8# >" / $ - ?& 8 / 8 = " #) 8 " , " %8 " *@ # # # &* C &@ # " = # , $# A 8 " E# " 25 % $& C " = # ? #8> & ? "$# ! C " = # .
3.D # # $* $& A C## % " "#& # #% & ##, &@- # #"$&*% 8> " $ $, #%8 # " 8> $" ?- # .
4.D E " # /" @=# & C# " # $"" , 8- #% # # " # ? # .
&* >$& # " 8 ## $ A C "? #@, % > A C$"$, 8 ? "" # > * $>E # A C # " / A!! # " # $ $# # .
156
. . 5 3 , . . = , . . > 3 " ", #. . 4 2 " , 3; . . . 6 , . ( 5 , '. * )
-
!
" ?" > > / #% " 8$"" > " #/ ( D) " C %$# @=#8# C C 8# % # " & 1,5—2,5 ' A&- # " / 8 = " #. & " ? # ?> $#% # " >"- &* > #/ A&$#, & > "" # " # #" # #& 8 . < # A 8 $# $# "$ $ # 8 A&-$# # "! 8 ## $?& 8 / D A& A C## " "- & @ 10 15 % # " #C @ $ " % # &* > %8 — $ -150—200 ' [1].
% # A C # " " ( '' ) $%-& $? % # A C## # #" = C #% > &$C " /" < $ C % A& # " @ A C#@ $" C$# 8 12 ' # A C#@ $8 C 220 ' (50 ). & C# $% & :
E# * $?& 8 ? "$# A& # " / A C# / $# C %- $# @= C C C # & E# * C A & C# " # #" # #;
? "$# * 8$##, "$# @=# C %, %8 " *@ - 8 / ? > # 8 C / A& A C# / < [1].
'$"" $? # # 8$# '' ?> $&- > : 1) " C 8, "$& >8 $/ " # " #;
2)" > " 8 C % $&> $/ " #.
< " 8 #8 "& @=# $#8 = " : $" " # ,$#8 &* "$& # C , 8 *E# C ? # > %8 >."$& # # $/ " # " # $Š & $ - >E > ? # $& % =# . < #8 = " / $&- / " 8> 8$# — A # " "& ?>, $>E # " # "#" 8> > ? # A& A C##, 8 *E # C ? # > %8 . " 8# & @ " # $& # &* / 8- # " / " %# # "& # " ##.
< %# $#8 = " # " # ? # " 8, " " # " 8 $#8 &* / 8$# '' " $C # " "$& # 8 C $/ " #.
0 +
1. C A C # / . . D ? , '.'. €# @ , .<. &" C , '. . €E / // # : .-. "?. D # 12. 1999. D. 41—61.
157
. . ", .; . . 7 , .; . . . 2* ", . . ., . ( 5! , '. " " )
!
D > 8 % ƒ 261-YF [1] " " & $?& 8 >? A C-
"? C @=# 8$# #/ ( & |
D ) # # #-A 8# " C |
? " # . \ &* " % # ? %> |
D — " # $"" $#" 8- |
$# # # E # $" C &* " # & / C #% ##, $?& @= / $-A C # " # " "> ( & ).
' ? % D " 8$# # % & >: $ # (A 8# $- & /, A& # " / A C##, > # $ ) # $ #$ ?Š A C- "? # ( &* > , $8>E& > ?Š >, ?Š > ’ ). - $# # $ # % & > $C$$>: $ $#% " , "- $# # $?& #@ 8 # &* > # $-A C # " # - " " . $# # $ #$ ?Š $% & @ C #% # >
# 8 & % > " " 8 $8 " # 1—2 & , " % > — " $8 " # 2 5 & # &C " > >" % > 8$#- # , ? @=# % # &* > $# &* > & #/ " " 8 $ - 8 " # ? & 5 & .
€% D " % $& ! 8 Microsoft Excel. < # $#" # & C 8$# # # C #-A 8# " ? " # . '>-& " ? % " # # 8$# # & " " ### # : " $8 " # 8$# # , >/ & $ - >E * 7 & # # > #" C #" # C , >/ & ?> * $& # &* >8 (“ > 0). & " A # $% & / ? #8 % * $8 : #! # , $?& # C ? % 8 C # C# , > & C 8$# # .
' " %# " #%8 # 8 ? #8 & " = " & # 8- $# # ? # , ? % D ? $" C ? & # . & $# " #8 " # A C "? C @= C ? # ? % % #"- # # ! 8 ## (" / $#% # & C ). ? #8# > * # # # &* " * C $?# & A C # " # " " . ! " % " # & $& / 8 #% ## ? %> A C "? C @=# 8$# #/.
0 +
1. 1 !" )& - } 261-1 « ? A C "? ## # $>E ## A C # " / A!! # " # # " ## #%8 #/ &* > %- &* > > ""#/" / Y ##».
158
. . #" , .; . . . > ", .0. ., . ( 58 , '. " % )
!
/ #% #? & " > $?& 8 % # # $- A C # " C 8$& " ""## & " $?& 8 A C "? # ."$E C E # 8 C 8 % #"# #% "$" ? " * A 8#- # " >.
'" = 8 ""## % # A C "? C @=# 8$#- #/ " & # " " 8 $ $" #/ # $A 8 * 8 & A C "?- C @=# $ % " $& / 8 . ' & # "#!# ## % ## A C "? C @=# 8$# #/ ? " % ? $ - & #/ $ " E " #@ 8 #%8 # $#.
& $#8 # C , % " C 8 $>E * A C A!! #- " * A 8# # ""## # % # * A C "? # " , ?- #8 #% # * $> % ## A C "? C @=# 8$# #/ % C #- /. ? @ ""8 # $> % ## $ # # A C "?- # " , ?# E# " #? & % 8 > % &* $ 8$& #@. # #"& " " &* > $/" # " >, ˆ$ - # # D‡ . " # * "$ $ A C "? # %8 &*-?Š # # "# " % # " > " > A C " ?- # . < A 8 & "#" 8 #% ## $& > % &* % " ?>& $# $# % # " > C$$ # ""8 > % > $> % ## A C "? C @=# 8$# #/ $ E #@ "& @=#8 " / & 8: C " " , 8 " > C > & " #, ? #, $?# # A C " ? @=# C #% ##. €>& #% & E#/ 8#- / $> # " & > ? #8> > >.
< 8 " / & ?> "$" & > 8 #%8> % ## # % &* >, " #C > % C # / # ". D #"$&*% # 8 $&- > % &* % ? > 8 ## & C " / & ,$& > & E # "& # E /" "# ## " A C "? # 8
""##.
'% ? # 8 #/ " & > $& > > > 8- #%8 $# A C "? C @=# 8$# #/ ""##. ?> $> > #% 8 #/ $#8 C A C "? C @= C $ #& C 8 "#?# " # $& >$& > % &* > # $#8 # .
159
. . ", .; - .5. " ", . . ., .4 5. . + , . . ., . (>5 *. . . / " , '. > % 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
" =#/ !# # A C " " " & & $/ % / E C 8 # $>E # A!! # " # " "! A C$?- & # [1]. & @ " #" &@ # 8 "#" 8> C " = # (D ) " > $" & #/ “ E" / "$? # (“ ), > #8- @ " & 8$> # ( ) # & 8$> #$ , @=# "- 8 >8 ? # 8 A C A!! # " #. % ? > 8$# # $ " ## D $% > # *, #? &*E#/ A!! " # & 8$ #$ 150 $ " # #@ $?& 8 / 8 = " # ?&@ " " & " > “ #, $ #@ " C $ # " = " # — C “ ? " >. < # % 8 & 8$ #$ # # A # & $ " # " #8 $8 8 (& 8$> #$ ) # " < 8 " 8< ? "$# " A 8# " #/ A!! 24 8& ?./C ($# #! 3,75 ?/( '·)).
8 >/ #@ # 8 #% ## (% 8 # & 8$ #$ # " " , 8< < ) D C #% $ $# #/ ? "$# # " C " "& ?> #"- # " # " # # $?& 8 / A& A C## 12 %. A!- !# # $&*" ## " C $ D " #%# " $# A 8 $# & .
< # A C # " 8 ?"& ## " A& # " C " =- # ? #8 #"$&*% * 8$& " >/ $, % &@ @=#/" 8 8 & $% & / " A& # " / A C## # " # " # $8 . < # A C # " 8 ?"& ## " ? #8 # & & *" " A& # " / A C## # & #@ $# , $# $>E ## $# 10 % " "& ?> &@8# " > & 8$ " # " " 8 20—25 % $# 8 8 ## $* A& # " / A C##, A $# # #@ " $8 " # [2] $# " " 8 C " # " C ? # .
0 +
1.F # * " C# ""## $# 2020 C .
2.-! .(. & # " " = # : "$# . # " : $ - "$# , 2007.
160