Offi-Guid-TOEFL
.pdf
83)*0 M&8 6IEHMRK
WXYHMIW WYKKIWX XLEX GEXLEVWMW PIEHW XS VIHYGXMSRW MR XIRWMSR ERH E PS[IVIH PMOIPMLSSH |
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SJ JYXYVI EKKVIWWMSR 3XLIV WXYHMIW LS[IZIV WYKKIWX XLEX PIXXMRK WSQI WXIEQ IWGETI |
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EGXYEPP] IRGSYVEKIW QSVI EKKVIWWMSR PEXIV SR |
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8LI 'SKRMXMZI %TTVSEGL 'SKRMXMZI TW]GLSPSKMWXW EWWIVX XLEX SYV FILEZMSV MW MRJPY |
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IRGIH F] SYV ZEPYIW F] XLI [E]W MR [LMGL [I MRXIVTVIX SYV WMXYEXMSRW ERH F] GLSMGI |
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*SV I\EQTPI TISTPI [LS FIPMIZI XLEX EKKVIWWMSR MW RIGIWWEV] ERH NYWXMJMIHhEW HYV |
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MRK [EVXMQIhEVI PMOIP] XS EGX EKKVIWWMZIP] [LIVIEW TISTPI [LS FIPMIZI XLEX E TEVXMG |
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YPEV [EV SV EGX SJ EKKVIWWMSR MW YRNYWX SV [LS XLMRO XLEX EKKVIWWMSR MW RIZIV NYWXMJMIH |
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EVI PIWW PMOIP] XS FILEZI EKKVIWWMZIP] |
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3RI GSKRMXMZI XLISV] WYKKIWXW XLEX EKKVEZEXMRK ERH TEMRJYP IZIRXW XVMKKIV |
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YRTPIEWERX JIIPMRKW 8LIWI JIIPMRKW MR XYVR GER PIEH XS EKKVIWWMZI EGXMSR FYX |
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EYXSQEXMGEPP] 'SKRMXMZI JEGXSVW MRXIVZIRI 4ISTPI |
[LIXLIV XLI] [MPP EGX EK |
KVIWWMZIP] SV RSX SR XLI FEWMW SJ JEGXSVW WYGL EW XLIMV I\TIVMIRGIW [MXL EKKVIWWMSR ERH |
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XLIMV MRXIVTVIXEXMSR SJ SXLIV TISTPItW QSXMZIW 7YTTSVXMRK IZMHIRGI GSQIW JVSQ |
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VIWIEVGL WLS[MRK XLEX EKKVIWWMZI TISTPI SJXIR HMWXSVX SXLIV TISTPItW QSXMZIW *SV |
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I\EQTPI XLI] EWWYQI XLEX SXLIV TISTPI QIER XLIQ LEVQ [LIR XLI] HS RSX |
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'EXLEVWMW -R TW]GLSH]REQMG XLISV] XLI TYVKMRK SJ WXVSRK IQSXMSRW SV XLI VIPMIZMRK SJ XIRWMSRW |
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4 |
8LI &MSPSKMGEP %TTVSEGL 2YQIVSYW FMSPSKMGEP WXVYGXYVIW ERH GLIQMGEPW ETTIEV XS FI |
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% |
MRZSPZIH MR EKKVIWWMSR 3RI MW XLI L]TSXLEPEQYW E VIKMSR SJ XLI FVEMR -R VIWTSRWI XS |
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6 |
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%GIVXEMR WXMQYPM QER] ERMQEPW WLS[ MRWXMRGXMZI EKKVIWWMZI VIEGXMSRW 8LI L]TSXLEPE
+ |
QYW ETTIEVW XS FI MRZSPZIH MR XLMW MRFSVR VIEGXMSR TEXXIVR IPIGXVMGEP WXMQYPEXMSR SJ |
6 |
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% |
TEVX SJ XLI L]TSXLEPEQYW XVMKKIVW WXIVISX]TMGEP EKKVIWWMZI FILEZMSVW MR QER] ERM |
4 |
,QEPW -R TISTPI LS[IZIV [LSWI FVEMRW EVI QSVI GSQTPI\ SXLIV FVEMR WXVYGXYVIW ET
TEVIRXP] QSHIVEXI TSWWMFPI MRWXMRGXW
(MVIGXMSRW 
%GGSVHMRK XS TEVEKVETL [LEX IZMHIRGI MRHMGEXIW XLEX EKKVIWWMSR MR ERMQEPW MW VIPEXIH XS XLI L]TSXLEPEQYW#
7SQI EKKVIWWMZI ERMQEP WTIGMIW LEZI E LMKLP] HIZIPSTIH L]TSXLEPEQYW
4
%
6
%
)PIGXVMGEP WXMQYPEXMSR SJ XLI L]TSXLEPEQYW HIPE]W ERMQEPWt MRFSVR VIEGXMSR TEX XIVRW %RMQEPW FILEZMRK EKKVIWWMZIP] WLS[ MRGVIEWIH EGXMZMX] MR XLI L]TSXLEPEQYW %RMQEPW [LS PEGO E L]TSXLEPEQYW HMWTPE] JI[ EKKVIWWMZI XIRHIRGMIW
%R SJJWLSSX SJ XLI FMSPSKMGEP ETTVSEGL GEPPIH 
WYKKIWXW XLEX EKKVIWWMSR MW REXYVEP ERH IZIR HIWMVEFPI JSV TISTPI 7SGMSFMSPSK] ZMI[W QYGL WSGMEP FILEZMSV MR GPYHMRK EKKVIWWMZI FILEZMSV EW KIRIXMGEPP] HIXIVQMRIH 'SRWMHIV (EV[MRtW XLISV] SJ IZSPYXMSR (EV[MR LIPH XLEX QER] QSVI MRHMZMHYEPW EVI TVSHYGIH XLER GER JMRH JSSH
+ERH WYVZMZI MRXS EHYPXLSSH % WXVYKKPI JSV WYVZMZEP JSPPS[W 8LSWI MRHMZMHYEPW [LS
6
%
4
,
TSWWIWW GLEVEGXIVMWXMGW XLEX TVSZMHI XLIQ [MXL ER EHZERXEKI MR XLI WXVYKKPI JSV I\MW XIRGI EVI QSVI PMOIP] XS WYVZMZI ERH GSRXVMFYXI XLIMV KIRIW XS XLI RI\X KIRIVEXMSR -R QER] WTIGMIW WYGL GLEVEGXIVMWXMGW MRGPYHI EKKVIWWMZIRIWW &IGEYWI EKKVIWWMZI MRHM ZMHYEPW EVI QSVI PMOIP] XS WYVZMZI ERH VITVSHYGI [LEXIZIV KIRIW EVI PMROIH XS EK KVIWWMZI FILEZMSV EVI QSVI PMOIP] XS FI XVERWQMXXIH XS WYFWIUYIRX KIRIVEXMSRW
83)*0 M&8 6IEHMRK
%GGSVHMRK XS (EV[MRtW XLISV] SJ IZSPYXMSR QIQFIVW SJ E WTIGMIW EVI JSVGIH XS WXVYKKPI JSV WYVZMZEP FIGEYWI
4
%
6
%
RSX EPP MRHMZMHYEPW EVI WOMPPIH MR JMRHMRK JSSH MRHMZMHYEPW XV] XS HIJIRH XLIMV ]SYRK EKEMRWX EXXEGOIVW QER] QSVI MRHMZMHYEPW EVI FSVR XLER GER WYVZMZI YRXMP XLI EKI SJ VITVSHYGXMSR MRHMZMHYEPW [MXL GIVXEMR KIRIW EVI QSVI PMOIP] XS VIEGL EHYPXLSSH
8LI 4W]GLSH]REQMG %TTVSEGL 8LISVMWXW EHSTXMRK XLI TW]GLSH]REQMG ETTVSEGL LSPH XLEX MRRIV GSRJPMGXW EVI GVYGMEP JSV YRHIVWXERHMRK LYQER FILEZMSV MRGPYHMRK EKKVIW WMSR 7MKQYRH *VIYH JSV I\EQTPI FIPMIZIH XLEX EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW EVI MRIZMXEFPI VIEGXMSRW XS XLI JVYWXVEXMSRW SJ HEMP] PMJI 'LMPHVIR RSVQEPP] HIWMVI XS ZIRX EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW SR SXLIV TISTPI MRGPYHMRK XLIMV TEVIRXW FIGEYWI IZIR XLI QSWX EXXIRXMZI
+TEVIRXW GERRSX KVEXMJ] EPP SJ XLIMV HIQERHW MQQIHMEXIP] =IX GLMPHVIR EPWS JIEVMRK XLIMV
6
%TEVIRXWt TYRMWLQIRX ERH XLI PSWW SJ TEVIRXEP PSZI GSQI XS VITVIWW QSWX EKKVIWWMZI
4
,MQTYPWIW 8LI *VIYHMER TIVWTIGXMZI MR E WIRWI WIIW YW EW qWXIEQ IRKMRIW r &] LSPH
MRK MR VEXLIV XLER ZIRXMRK qWXIEQ r [I WIX XLI WXEKI JSV JYXYVI I\TPSWMSRW 4IRX YT EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW HIQERH SYXPIXW 8LI] QE] FI I\TVIWWIH XS[EVH TEVIRXW MR MRHM
VIGX [E]W WYGL EW HIWXVS]MRK JYVRMXYVI SV XLI] QE] FI I\TVIWWIH XS[EVH WXVERKIVW PEXIV MR PMJI
8LI [SVH MRIZMXEFPI MR XLI TEWWEKI MW GPSWIWX MR QIERMRK XS
YREZSMHEFPI
VIKVIXXEFPI
GSRXVSPPEFPI
YRWYMXEFPI
8LI [SVH KVEXMJ] MR XLI TEWWEKI MW GPSWIWX MR QIERMRK XS
MHIRXMJ]
QSHMJ]
WEXMWJ]
WMQTPMJ]
8LI [SVH XLI] MR XLI TEWWEKI VIJIVW XS
JYXYVI I\TPSWMSRW
TIRX YT EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW
SYXPIXW
MRHMVIGX [E]W
%GGSVHMRK XS TEVEKVETL *VIYH FIPMIZIH XLEX GLMPHVIR I\TIVMIRGI GSRJPMGX FIX[IIR E HIWMVI XS ZIRX EKKVIWWMSR SR XLIMV TEVIRXW ERH
E JVYWXVEXMSR XLEX XLIMV TEVIRXW HS RSX KMZI XLIQ IZIV]XLMRK XLI] [ERX E JIEV XLEX XLIMV TEVIRXW [MPP TYRMWL XLIQ ERH WXST PSZMRK XLIQ E HIWMVI XS XEOI GEVI SJ XLIMV TEVIRXW E HIWMVI XS ZIRX EKKVIWWMSR SR SXLIV JEQMP] QIQFIVW
*VIYH HIWGVMFIW TISTPI EW WXIEQ IRKMRIW MR SVHIV XS QEOI XLI TSMRX XLEX TISTPI
HIPMFIVEXIP] FYMPH YT XLIMV EKKVIW WMSR XS QEOI XLIQWIPZIW WXVSRKIV YWYEPP] VIPIEWI EKKVIWWMSR MR I\TPS WMZI [E]W QYWX ZIRX XLIMV EKKVIWWMSR XS TVI ZIRX MX JVSQ FYMPHMRK YT X]TMGEPP] PSWI XLIMV EKKVIWWMSR MJ XLI] HS RSX I\TVIWW MX
4
%
6
%
+
6
%
4
,
4
%
6
%
+
6
%
4
,
83)*0 M&8 6IEHMRK
8LI 'SKRMXMZI %TTVSEGL 'SKRMXMZI TW]GLSPSKMWXW EWWIVX XLEX SYV FILEZMSV MW MRJPY IRGIH F] SYV ZEPYIW F] XLI [E]W MR [LMGL [I MRXIVTVIX SYV WMXYEXMSRW ERH F] GLSMGI *SV I\EQTPI TISTPI [LS FIPMIZI XLEX EKKVIWWMSR MW RIGIWWEV] ERH NYWXMJMIHhEW HYV MRK [EVXMQIhEVI PMOIP] XS EGX EKKVIWWMZIP] [LIVIEW TISTPI [LS FIPMIZI XLEX E TEVXMG YPEV [EV SV EGX SJ EKKVIWWMSR MW YRNYWX SV [LS XLMRO XLEX EKKVIWWMSR MW RIZIV NYWXMJMIH EVI PIWW PMOIP] XS FILEZI EKKVIWWMZIP]
3RI GSKRMXMZI XLISV] WYKKIWXW XLEX EKKVEZEXMRK ERH TEMRJYP IZIRXW XVMKKIV YRTPIEWERX JIIPMRKW 8LIWI JIIPMRKW MR XYVR GER PIEH XS EKKVIWWMZI EGXMSR FYX 
EYXSQEXMGEPP] 'SKRMXMZI JEGXSVW MRXIVZIRI 4ISTPI 
[LIXLIV XLI] [MPP EGX EKKVIWWMZIP] SV RSX SR XLI FEWMW SJ JEGXSVW WYGL EW XLIMV I\TIVMIRGIW [MXL EKKVIWWMSR ERH XLIMV MRXIVTVIXEXMSR SJ SXLIV TISTPItW QSXMZIW 7YTTSVXMRK IZMHIRGI GSQIW JVSQ VIWIEVGL WLS[MRK XLEX EKKVIWWMZI TISTPI SJXIR HMWXSVX SXLIV TISTPItW QSXMZIW *SV I\EQTPI XLI] EWWYQI XLEX SXLIV TISTPI QIER XLIQ LEVQ [LIR XLI] HS RSX
;LMGL SJ XLI WIRXIRGIW FIPS[ FIWX I\TVIWWIW XLI IWWIRXMEP MRJSVQEXMSR MR XLI LMKLPMKLXIH WIRXIRGI MR XLI TEWWEKI# 
ERW[IV GLSMGIW GLERKI XLI QIERMRK MR MQTSVXERX [E]W SV PIEZI SYX IWWIRXMEP MRJSV QEXMSR
4ISTPI [LS FIPMIZI XLEX XLI] EVI JMKLXMRK E NYWX [EV EGX EKKVIWWMZIP] [LMPI XLSWI [LS FIPMIZI XLEX XLI] EVI JMKLXMRK ER YRNYWX [EV HS RSX 4ISTPI [LS FIPMIZI XLEX EKKVIWWMSR MW RIGIWWEV] ERH NYWXMJMIH EVI QSVI PMOIP] XS EGX EKKVIWWMZIP] XLER XLSWI [LS FIPMIZI HMJJIVIRXP] 4ISTPI [LS RSVQEPP] HS RSX FIPMIZI XLEX EKKVIWWMSR MW RIGIWWEV] ERH NYW XMJMIH QE] EGX EKKVIWWMZIP] HYVMRK [EVXMQI 4ISTPI [LS FIPMIZI XLEX EKKVIWWMSR MW RIGIWWEV] ERH NYWXMJMIH HS RSX RIG IWWEVMP] EGX EKKVIWWMZIP] HYVMRK [EVXMQI
%GGSVHMRK XS XLI GSKRMXMZI ETTVSEGL HIWGVMFIH MR TEVEKVETLW ERH EPP SJ XLI JSPPS[MRK QE] MRJPYIRGI XLI HIGMWMSR [LIXLIV XS EGX EKKVIWWMZIP] )<')48 E TIVWSRtW
QSVEP ZEPYIW
TVIZMSYW I\TIVMIRGIW [MXL
EKKVIWWMSR
MRWXMRGX XS EZSMH EKKVIWWMSR
FIPMIJW EFSYX SXLIV TISTPItW
MRXIRXMSRW
8LI [SVH HMWXSVX MR XLI TEWWEKI MW GPSWIWX MR QIERMRK XS
QMWXVYWX
QMWMRXIVTVIX
GVMXMGM^I
VIWIRX
83)*0 M&8 6IEHMRK
8LI 4W]GLSH]REQMG %TTVSEGL 8LISVMWXW EHSTXMRK XLI TW]GLSH]REQMG ETTVSEGL LSPH XLEX MRRIV GSRJPMGXW EVI GVYGMEP JSV YRHIVWXERHMRK LYQER FILEZMSV MRGPYHMRK EKKVIW
WMSR 7MKQYRH *VIYH JSV I\EQTPI FIPMIZIH XLEX EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW EVI MRIZMXEFPI
4
%VIEGXMSRW XS XLI JVYWXVEXMSRW SJ HEMP] PMJI 'LMPHVIR RSVQEPP] HIWMVI XS ZIRX EKKVIWWMZI
6 |
MQTYPWIW SR SXLIV TISTPI MRGPYHMRK XLIMV TEVIRXW FIGEYWI IZIR XLI QSWX EXXIRXMZI |
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% |
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+TEVIRXW GERRSX KVEXMJ] EPP SJ XLIMV HIQERHW MQQIHMEXIP] =IX GLMPHVIR EPWS JIEVMRK
6
%XLIMV TEVIRXWt TYRMWLQIRX ERH XLI PSWW SJ TEVIRXEP PSZI GSQI XS VITVIWW QSWX EKKVIW
4
,WMZI MQTYPWIW 8LI *VIYHMER TIVWTIGXMZI MR E WIRWI WIIW YW EW qWXIEQ IRKMRIW r
&] LSPHMRK MR VEXLIV XLER ZIRXMRK qWXIEQ r [I WIX XLI WXEKI JSV JYXYVI I\TPSWMSRW
4IRX YT EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW HIQERH SYXPIXW 8LI] QE] FI I\TVIWWIH XS[EVH TEV IRXW MR MRHMVIGX [E]W WYGL EW HIWXVS]MRK JYVRMXYVI SV XLI] QE] FI I\TVIWWIH XS[EVH WXVERKIVW PEXIV MR PMJI
0SSO EX XLI JSYV WUYEVIW ? A XLEX MRHMGEXI [LIVI XLI JSPPS[MRK WIRXIRGI GER FI EHHIH XS XLI TEWWEKI
%GGSVHMRK XS *VIYH LS[IZIV MQTYPWIW XLEX LEZI FIIR VITVIWWIH GSRXMRYI XS I\MWX ERH HIQERH I\TVIWWMSR
;LIVI [SYPH XLI WIRXIRGI FIWX JMX#
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t TYRMWLQIRX ERH XLI PSWW SJ TEVIRXEP PSZI GSQI XS VITVIWW QSWX EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW 8LI *VIYHMER TIVWTIGXMZI MR E WIRWI WIIW YW EW qWXIEQ IRKMRIW r &] LSPHMRK MR VEXLIV XLER ZIRXMRK qWXIEQ r [I WIX XLI WXEKI JSV JYXYVI I\TPSWMSRW 4IRX YT EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW HIQERH SYXPIXW 8LI] QE] FI I\TVIWWIH XS[EVH TEVIRXW MR MRHMVIGX [E]W WYGL EW HIWXVS]MRK JYVRMXYVI SV XLI] QE] FI I\TVIWWIH XS[EVH WXVERKIVW PEXIV MR PMJI
8LI 4W]GLSH]REQMG %TTVSEGL 8LISVMWXW EHSTXMRK XLI TW]GLSH]REQMG ETTVSEGL LSPH XLEX MRRIV GSRJPMGXW EVI GVYGMEP JSV YRHIVWXERHMRK LYQER FILEZMSV MRGPYHMRK EKKVIWWMSR 7MKQYRH *VIYH JSV I\EQTPI FIPMIZIH XLEX EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW EVI MRIZMXEFPI VIEGXMSRW XS XLI JVYWXVEXMSRW SJ HEMP] PMJI 'LMPHVIR RSVQEPP] HIWMVI XS ZIRX EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW SR SXLIV TISTPI MRGPYHMRK XLIMV TEVIRXW FIGEYWI IZIR XLI QSWX EXXIRXMZI TEVIRXW GERRSX KVEXMJ] EPP SJ XLIMV HIQERHW MQQIHMEXIP]
=IX GLMPHVIR EPWS JIEVMRK XLIMV TEVIRXWt TYRMWLQIRX ERH XLI PSWW SJ TEVIRXEP PSZI GSQI XS VITVIWW QSWX EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW %GGSVHMRK XS *VIYH LS[IZIV MQ TYPWIW XLEX LEZI FIIR VITVIWWIH GSRXMRYI XS I\MWX ERH HIQERH I\TVIWWMSR 8LI *VIYHMER TIVWTIGXMZI MR E WIRWI WIIW YW EW qWXIEQ IRKMRIW r &] LSPHMRK MR VEXLIV XLER ZIRXMRK qWXIEQ r [I WIX XLI WXEKI JSV JYXYVI I\TPSWMSRW 4IRX YT EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW HIQERH SYXPIXW 8LI] QE] FI I\TVIWWIH XS[EVH TEVIRXW MR
83)*0 M&8 6IEHMRK
MRHMVIGX [E]W WYGL EW HIWXVS]MRK JYVRMXYVI SV XLI] QE] FI I\TVIWWIH XS[EVH WXVERKIVW PEXIV MR PMJI
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t TYRMWLQIRX ERH XLI PSWW SJ TEVIRXEP PSZI GSQI XS VITVIWW QSWX EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW 8LI *VIYHMER TIVWTIGXMZI MR E WIRWI WIIW YW EW qWXIEQ IRKMRIW r %GGSVHMRK XS *VIYH LS[IZIV MQTYPWIW XLEX LEZI FIIR VITVIWWIH GSRXMRYI XS I\MWX ERH HIQERH I\TVIWWMSR &] LSPHMRK MR VEXLIV XLER ZIRXMRK qWXIEQ r [I WIX XLI WXEKI JSV JYXYVI I\TPSWMSRW 4IRX YT EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW HIQERH SYXPIXW 8LI] QE] FI I\TVIWWIH XS[EVH TEVIRXW MR MRHMVIGX [E]W WYGL EW HIWXVS]MRK JYVRMXYVI SV XLI] QE] FI I\TVIWWIH XS[EVH WXVERKIVW PEXIV MR PMJI
8LI 4W]GLSH]REQMG %TTVSEGL 8LISVMWXW EHSTXMRK XLI TW]GLSH]REQMG ETTVSEGL LSPH XLEX MRRIV GSRJPMGXW EVI GVYGMEP JSV YRHIVWXERHMRK LYQER FILEZMSV MRGPYHMRK EKKVIWWMSR 7MKQYRH *VIYH JSV I\EQTPI FIPMIZIH XLEX EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW EVI MRIZMXEFPI VIEGXMSRW XS XLI JVYWXVEXMSRW SJ HEMP] PMJI 'LMPHVIR RSVQEPP] HIWMVI XS ZIRX EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW SR SXLIV TISTPI MRGPYHMRK XLIMV TEVIRXW FIGEYWI IZIR XLI QSWX EXXIRXMZI TEVIRXW GERRSX KVEXMJ] EPP SJ XLIMV HIQERHW MQQIHMEXIP]
=IX GLMPHVIR EPWS JIEVMRK XLIMV TEVIRXWt TYRMWLQIRX ERH XLI PSWW SJ TEVIRXEP PSZI GSQI XS VITVIWW QSWX EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW 8LI *VIYHMER TIVWTIGXMZI MR E WIRWI WIIW YW EW qWXIEQ IRKMRIW r &] LSPHMRK MR VEXLIV XLER ZIRXMRK qWXIEQ r [I WIX XLI WXEKI JSV JYXYVI I\TPSWMSRW %GGSVHMRK XS *VIYH LS[IZIV MQTYPWIW XLEX LEZI FIIR VITVIWWIH GSRXMRYI XS I\MWX ERH HIQERH I\TVIWWMSR 4IRX YT EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW HIQERH SYXPIXW 8LI] QE] FI I\TVIWWIH XS[EVH TEVIRXW MR MRHMVIGX [E]W WYGL EW HIWXVS]MRK JYVRMXYVI SV XLI] QE] FI I\TVIWWIH XS[EVH WXVERKIVW PEXIV MR PMJI
83)*0 M&8 6IEHMRK
(MVIGXMSRW 
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8LMW UYIWXMSR MW [SVXL |
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TSMRXW |
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%TTVSEGL XS 9RHIVWXERHMRK %KKVIWWMSR |
%WWSGMEXIH 'PEMQW |
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&MSPSKMGEP %TTVSEGL |
F CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC |
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4W]GLSH]REQMG %TTVSEGL |
F CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC |
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F CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC |
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'SKRMXMZI %TTVSEGL |
F CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC |
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F CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC |
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%KKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW XS[EVH TISTPI EVI WSQIXMQIW I\TVIWWIH MR MRHMVIGX [E]W
%KKVIWWMZIRIWW MW SJXIR YWIJYP JSV MR HMZMHYEPW MR XLI WXVYKKPI JSV WYVZMZEP
%KKVIWWMZI FILEZMSV QE] MRZSPZI E QMWYRHIVWXERHMRK SJ SXLIV TISTPItW MRXIRXMSRW
8LI RIIH XS I\TVIWW EKKVIWWMZI
MQTYPWIW HIGPMRIW [MXL EKI
%GXMRK EKKVIWWMZIP] MW XLI VIWYPX SJ E GLSMGI MRJPYIRGIH F] E TIVWSRtW ZEPYIW ERH FIPMIJW
6ITVIWWMRK EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW GER VIWYPX MR EKKVIWWMZI FILEZMSV
46%'8-') 7)8 %27;)67 %2( )<40%2%8-327
8LMW MW E *EGXYEP -RJSVQEXMSR UYIWXMSR EWOMRK JSV WTIGMJMG MRJSVQEXMSR XLEX GER FI JSYRH MR TEVEKVETL 8LI GSVVIGX ERW[IV MW GLSMGI 8LI UYIWXMSR EWOW WTIGMJMGEPP] JSV qIZMHIRGI XLEX MRHMGEXIW XLEX EKKVIWWMSR MR ERMQEPW MW VIPEXIH XS XLI L]TSXLEPEQYW r %RW[IV GLSMGI MW RSX WYTTSVXIH F] XLI TEW WEKI -X HSIW RSX HMWGYWW QSVI ERH PIWW EKKVIWWMZI WTIGMIW SV VIPEXMZI HIZIPST QIRX SJ XLI L]TSXLEPEQYW %RW[IV GLSMGI GSRXVEHMGXW XLI TEWWEKI )PIGXVMGEP WXMQYPEXMSR SJ XLI L]TSXLEPEQYW GEYWIW XLI MRWXMRGXMZI VIEGXMSR SJ EKKVIWWMSR MX HSIW RSX HIPE] MX %RW[IV GLSMGI MW MRGSVVIGX FIGEYWI XLI TEWWEKI HSIW RSX GMXI EW IZMHIRGI SV IZIR QIRXMSR XLI VIQSZEP SJ XLI L]TS XLEPEQYW
8LMW MW E *EGXYEP -RJSVQEXMSR UYIWXMSR EWOMRK JSV WTIGMJMG MRJSVQEXMSR XLEX GER FI JSYRH MR XLI TEWWEKI 8LI GSVVIGX ERW[IV MW GLSMGI qQER] QSVI MRHM ZMHYEPW EVI FSVR XLER GER WYVZMZI YRXMP XLI EKI SJ VITVSHYGXMSR r 8LMW ERW[IV GLSMGI MW IWWIRXMEPP] E TEVETLVEWI SJ TEVEKVETL WIRXIRGI q(EV[MR LIPH XLEX QER] QSVI MRHMZMHYEPW EVI TVSHYGIH XLER GER JMRH JSSH ERH WYVZMZI MRXS EHYPXLSSH r 'LSMGIW ERH EVI RSX QIRXMSRIH EX EPP 'LSMGI QE] FI XVYI FYX MX MW RSX WXEXIH MR XLI TEWWEKI EW E JEGX ER MRJIVIRGI MW RIIHIH XS WYTTSVX MX
83)*0 M&8 6IEHMRK
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8LMW MW E :SGEFYPEV] UYIWXMSR 8LI [SVH FIMRK XIWXIH MW MRIZMXEFPI -X MW |
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LMKLPMKLXIH MR XLI TEWWEKI 8LI GSVVIGX ERW[IV MW GLSMGI qYREZSMHEFPI r -J |
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WSQIXLMRK MW MRIZMXEFPI XLEX QIERW XLEX MX [MPP SGGYV RS QEXXIV [LEX MR SXLIV |
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[SVHW MX MW YREZSMHEFPI |
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8LMW MW E :SGEFYPEV] UYIWXMSR 8LI [SVH FIMRK XIWXIH MW KVEXMJ] -X MW LMKL |
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PMKLXIH MR XLI TEWWEKI 8LI GSVVIGX ERW[IV MW GLSMGI qWEXMWJ] r -J E TIVWSRtW |
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HIWMVIW EVI KVEXMJMIH XLSWI HIWMVIW EVI JYPJMPPIH 8LYW XLI TIVWSR MW WEXMWJMIH |
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8LMW MW E 6IJIVIRGI UYIWXMSR 8LI [SVH FIMRK XIWXIH MW XLI] -X MW LMKLPMKLXIH |
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MR XLI TEWWEKI 8LI GSVVIGX ERW[IV MW GLSMGI qTIRX YT EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW r |
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8LMW MW E WMQTPI TVSRSYR VIJIVIRX MXIQ 8LI [SVH XLI] LIVI VIJIVW XS WSQI |
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XLMRK XLEX qQE] FI I\TVIWWIH XS[EVH WXVERKIVW PEXIV MR PMJI r 8LMW MW XLI qSYX |
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PIXr XS[EVH [LMGL XLI qEKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIWr QIRXMSRIH QE] FI HMVIGXIH |
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8LMW MW E *EGXYEP -RJSVQEXMSR UYIWXMSR EWOMRK JSV WTIGMJMG MRJSVQEXMSR XLEX |
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GER FI JSYRH MR TEVEKVETL 8LI GSVVIGX ERW[IV MW GLSMGI qE JIEV XLEX XLIMV |
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TEVIRXW [MPP TYRMWL XLIQ ERH WXST PSZMRK XLIQ r 8LI UYIWXMSR EWOW [LEX |
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GEYWIW XLI GSRJPMGX FIX[IIR XLI HIWMVI XS ZIRX EKKVIWWMSR ERH GLMPHVIRtW JIEVW |
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8LI ERW[IV MW JSYRH MR TEVEKVETL MR XLI WIRXIRGI XLEX VIEHW q=IX GLMPHVIR |
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EPWS JIEVMRK XLIMV TEVIRXWt TYRMWLQIRX ERH XLI PSWW SJ TEVIRXEP PSZI GSQI XS |
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VITVIWW QSWX EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW r %RW[IV GLSMGI MW XLI SRP] GLSMGI XLEX |
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GSVVIGXP] MHIRXMJMIW XLI GEYWI SJ XLI GSRJPMGX GVIEXIH F] VITVIWWMRK EKKVIWWMSR |
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MR GLMPHVIR |
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8LMW MW E 6LIXSVMGEP 4YVTSWI UYIWXMSR -X EWOW ]SY [L] XLI EYXLSV QIRXMSRW |
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XLEX *VIYH HIWGVMFIH TISTPI EW qWXIEQ IRKMRIWr MR XLI TEWWEKI 8LI TLVEWI |
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FIMRK XIWXIH MW LMKLPMKLXIH MR XLI TEWWEKI 8LI GSVVIGX ERW[IV MW GLSMGI |
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qQYWX ZIRX XLIMV EKKVIWWMSR XS TVIZIRX MX JVSQ FYMPHMRK YT r 7XIEQ IRKMRIW |
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[MPP I\TPSHI MJ XLIMV WXIEQ FYMPHW YT MRHIJMRMXIP] 8LI WEQI MW XVYI SJ TISTPI |
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EW GLSMGI MRHMGEXIW 8LI SXLIV GLSMGIW EVI RSX RIGIWWEVMP] XVYI SJ FSXL TIS |
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TPI ERH WXIEQ IRKMRIW WS XLI] EVI MRGSVVIGX |
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8LMW MW E 7IRXIRGI 7MQTPMJMGEXMSR UYIWXMSR %W [MXL EPP SJ XLIWI MXIQW E WMR |
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KPI WIRXIRGI MR XLI TEWWEKI MW LMKLPMKLXIH |
*SV I\EQTPI TISTPI [LS FIPMIZI XLEX EKKVIWWMSR MW RIGIWWEV] ERH NYWXMJMIHhEW HYVMRK [EVXMQI EVI PMOIP] XS EGX EKKVIWWMZIP] [LIVIEW TISTPI [LS FIPMIZI XLEX E TEVXMGYPEV [EV SV EGX SJ EKKVIWWMSR MW YRNYWX SV [LS XLMRO XLEX EKKVIWWMSR MW RIZIV NYWXMJMIH EVI PIWW PMOIP] XS FILEZI EKKVIWWMZIP]
8LI GSVVIGX ERW[IV MW GLSMGI -X GSRXEMRW EPP SJ XLI IWWIRXMEP MRJSVQEXMSR MR XLI LMKLPMKLXIH WIRXIRGI 8LI LMKLPMKLXIH WIRXIRGI GSQTEVIW TISTPI [LS FIPMIZI TEVXMGYPEV EGXW SJ EKKVIWWMSR EVI RIGIWWEV] ERH XLSWI [LS HSRtX MR XIVQW SJ XLIMV VIPEXMZI PMOIPMLSSH XS EGX EKKVIWWMZIP] YRHIV GIVXEMR GSRHMXMSRW 8LMW MW TVIGMWIP] [LEX GLSMGI WE]W q4ISTPI [LS FIPMIZI XLEX EKKVIWWMSR MW RIGIWWEV] ERH NYWXMJMIH EVI QSVI PMOIP] XS EGX EKKVIWWMZIP] XLER XLSWI [LS FIPMIZI HMJJIVIRXP] r -X GSQTEVIW XLI FILEZMSV SJ SRI X]TI SJ TIVWSR XS XLEX SJ ERSXLIV X]TI SJ TIVWSR 2SXLMRK IWWIRXMEP LEW FIIR PIJX SYX ERH XLI QIERMRK LEW RSX FIIR GLERKIH
83)*0 M&8 6IEHMRK
'LSMGI GLERKIW XLI QIERMRK SJ XLI WIRXIRGI MX WE]W GEXIKSVMGEPP] XLEX qXLSWI TISTPI [LS FIPMIZI XLEX XLI] EVI JMKLXMRK ER YRNYWX [EV HS RSX EGX EKKVIWWMZIP] r 8LI LMKLPMKLXIH WIRXIRGI QIVIP] WE]W XLEX WYGL TISTPI EVI qPIWW PMOIP]r XS EGX EKKVIWWMZIP] RSX XLEX XLI] RIZIV [MPP XLMW GLERKIW XLI QIERMRK
'LSMGI WE]W q4ISTPI [LS RSVQEPP] HS RSX FIPMIZI XLEX EKKVIWWMSR MW RIG IWWEV] ERH NYWXMJMIH QE] EGX EKKVIWWMZIP] HYVMRK [EVXMQI r 8LMW MW MRGSVVIGX FIGEYWI MX PIEZIW SYX GVMXMGEP MRJSVQEXMSR MX HSIW RSX QIRXMSR TISTPI [LS HS FIPMIZI EKKVIWWMSR MW RIGIWWEV] 8LMW GLSMGI HSIW RSX QEOI XLI WEQI GSQTEV MWSR EW XLI LMKLPMKLXIH WIRXIRGI
'LSMGI q4ISTPI [LS FIPMIZI XLEX EKKVIWWMSR MW RIGIWWEV] ERH NYWXMJMIH HS RSX RIGIWWEVMP] EGX EKKVIWWMZIP] HYVMRK [EVXMQI r EPWS GLERKIW XLI QIERMRK SJ XLI WIRXIRGI F] PIEZMRK SYX IWWIRXMEP MRJSVQEXMSR -R XLMW GLSMGI RS QIRXMSR MW QEHI SJ TISTPI [LS HS RSX FIPMIZI EKKVIWWMSR MW RIGIWWEV] 8LMW GLSMGI HSIW RSX QEOI XLI WEQI GSQTEVMWSR EW XLI LMKLPMKLXIH WIRXIRGI
8LMW MW E 2IKEXMZI *EGXYEP -RJSVQEXMSR UYIWXMSR EWOMRK JSV WTIGMJMG MRJSV QEXMSR XLEX GER FI JSYRH MR TEVEKVETLW ERH 'LSMGI MW XLI GSVVIGX ERW[IV
'LSMGI qQSVEP ZEPYIW r MW I\TPMGMXP] QIRXMSRIH EW SRI SJ XLI MRJPYIRGIW SR EKKVIWWMZI FILEZMSV WS MX MW MRGSVVIGX 'LSMGIW qTVIZMSYW I\TIVMIRGIWr ERHqFIPMIJW EFSYX SXLIV TISTPIr EVI FSXL I\TPMGMXP] QIRXMSRIH MR XLMW GSRXI\X 8LI WIRXIRGI MR TEVEKVETL WE]W q4ISTPI HIGMHI [LIXLIV XLI] [MPP EGX EKKVIWWMZIP] SV RSX SR XLI FEWMW SJ JEGXSVW WYGL EW XLIMV I\TIVMIRGIW [MXL EKKVIWWMSR ERH XLIMV MRXIVTVIXEXMSR SJ SXLIV TISTPItW QSXMZIW r 'LSMGI XLI qMRWXMRGX XS EZSMH EKKVIWWMSR q MW RSX QIRXMSRIH WS MX MW XLI GSVVIGX ERW[IV LIVI
8LMW MW E :SGEFYPEV] UYIWXMSR 8LI [SVH FIMRK XIWXIH MW HMWXSVX -X MW LMKL PMKLXIH MR XLI TEWWEKI 8LI GSVVIGX ERW[IV MW GLSMGI qQMWMRXIVTVIX r 8S HMW XSVX SXLIV TISTPItW QSXMZIW MW XS X[MWX XLIQ SV ZMI[ XLIQ MRGSVVIGXP] ERH XLIVIF] RSX YRHIVWXERH XLIQ TVSTIVP] 7SQIXLMRK XLEX MW RSX YRHIVWXSSH TVSTIVP] MW QMWMRXIVTVIXIH
8LMW MW ER -RWIVX 8I\X UYIWXMSR =SY GER WII XLI JSYV FPEGO WUYEVIW MR TEVE KVETL XLEX VITVIWIRX XLI TSWWMFPI ERW[IV GLSMGIW LIVI
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t TYRMWLQIRX ERH XLI PSWW SJ TEVIRXEP PSZI GSQI XS VITVIWW QSWX EKKVIW WMZI MQTYPWIW 8LI *VIYHMER TIVWTIGXMZI MR E WIRWI WIIW YW EW qWXIEQ IRKMRIW r
&] LSPHMRK MR VEXLIV XLER ZIRXMRK qWXIEQ r [I WIX XLI WXEKI JSV JYXYVI I\TPSWMSRW
83)*0 M&8 6IEHMRK
4IRX YT EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW HIQERH SYXPIXW 8LI] QE] FI I\TVIWWIH XS[EVH TEVIRXW
MR MRHMVIGX [E]W WYGL EW HIWXVS]MRK JYVRMXYVI SV XLI] QE] FI I\TVIWWIH XS[EVH
WXVERKIVW PEXIV MR PMJI
8LI WIRXIRGI TVSZMHIH q%GGSVHMRK XS *VIYH LS[IZIV MQTYPWIW XLEX LEZI FIIR VITVIWWIH GSRXMRYI XS I\MWX ERH HIQERH I\TVIWWMSR r MW FIWX MRWIVXIH EX WUYEVI
7UYEVI MW GSVVIGX FIGEYWI XLI WIRXIRGI FIMRK MRWIVXIH MW E GSRRIGXMZI WIR XIRGI GSRRIGXMRK XLI MHIE SJ GLMPHLSSH VITVIWWMSR MR XLI TVIGIHMRK WIRXIRGI XS XLI q*VIYHMER TIVWTIGXMZIr MR XLI WIRXIRGI XLEX JSPPS[W 8LI YWI SJ XLI [SVH LS[IZIV MR XLMW WIRXIRGI MRHMGEXIW XLEX ER MHIE EPVIEH] MRXVSHYGIH XLI VITVIWWMSR SJ GLMPHVIRtW EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW MW FIMRK QSHMJMIH ,IVI XLI MRWIVXIH WIRXIRGI XIPPW YW XLEX *VIYH XLSYKLX XLEX IZIR XLSYKL XLIWI MQTYPWIW EVI VITVIWWIH XLI] GSRXMRYI XS I\MWX 8LMW WIVZIW EW E GSRRIGXMSR XS XLI RI\X WIRXIRGI ERH XLI q*VIYHMER TIVWTIGXMZI r -RWIVXMRK XLI WIRXIRGI EX WUYEVI [SYPH TPEGI XLI QSHMJMGEXMSR qLS[IZIV MQTYPWIW GSRXMRYI XS I\MWXr FIJSVI XLI MHIE XLEX MX QSHMJMIW VITVIWWMSR SJ MQTYPWIW 8LMW QEOIW RS PSKM GEP WIRWI -RWIVXMRK XLI WIRXIRGI EX WUYEVI [SYPH QSZI XLI QSHMJ]MRK WIR XIRGI E[E] JVSQ MXW PSKMGEP TSWMXMSR MQQIHMEXIP] JSPPS[MRK XLI MHIE XLEX MX QSHMJMIW VITVIWWMSR SJ MQTYPWIW 4PEGMRK XLI MRWIVX WIRXIRGI EX WUYEVI QSZIW XLI WIRXIRGI JEVXLIV JVSQ MXW PSKMGEP ERXIGIHIRX ERH LEW RS GSRRIGXMSR XS XLI WIRXIRGI XLEX JSPPS[W MX
8LMW MW E *MPP MR E 8EFPI UYIWXMSR -X MW GSQTPIXIH GSVVIGXP] FIPS[ 'LSMGI MW
XLI GSVVIGX ERW[IV JSV XLI q&MSPSKMGEP %TTVSEGLr VS[ 'LSMGIW ERH EVI XLI
GSVVIGX ERW[IVW JSV XLI q4W]GLSH]REQMG %TTVSEGLr VS[ 'LSMGIW ERH EVI
XLI GSVVIGX ERW[IVW JSV XLI q'SKRMXMZI %TTVSEGLr VS[ 'LSMGI WLSYPH RSX FI
YWIH MR ER] VS[
(MVIGXMSRW 
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8LMW UYIWXMSR MW [SVXL TSMRXW |
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%TTVSEGL XS 9RHIVWXERHMRK %KKVIWWMSR |
%WWSGMEXIH 'PEMQW |
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&MSPSKMGEP %TTVSEGL |
F %KKVIWWMZIRIWW MW SJXIR YWIJYP JSV MRHMZMHYEPW MR XLI |
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WXVYKKPI JSV WYVZMZEP |
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4W]GLSH]REQMG %TTVSEGL |
F %KKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW XS[EVH TISTPI EVI WSQIXMQIW |
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I\TVIWWIH MR MRHMVIGX [E]W |
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F 6ITVIWWMRK EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW GER VIWYPX MR |
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EKKVIWWMZI FILEZMSV |
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'SKRMXMZI %TTVSEGL |
F %KKVIWWMZI FILEZMSV QE] MRZSPZI E QMWYRHIVWXERHMRK |
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SJ SXLIV TISTPItW MRXIRXMSRW |
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F %GXMRK EKKVIWWMZIP] MW XLI VIWYPX SJ E GLSMGI MRJPYIRGIH |
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F] E TIVWSRtW ZEPYIW ERH FIPMIJW |
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83)*0 M&8 6IEHMRK
%KKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW XS[EVH TISTPI EVI WSQIXMQIW I\TVIWWIH MR MRHMVIGX [E]W
%KKVIWWMZIRIWW MW SJXIR YWIJYP JSV MRHMZMHYEPW MR XLI WXVYKKPI JSV WYV ZMZEP
%KKVIWWMZI FILEZMSV QE] MRZSPZI E QMWYRHIVWXERHMRK SJ SXLIV TISTPItW MRXIRXMSRW
8LI RIIH XS I\TVIWW EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW HIGPMRIW [MXL EKI
%GXMRK EKKVIWWMZIP] MW XLI VIWYPX SJ E GLSMGI MRJPYIRGIH F] E TIVWSRtW ZEPYIW ERH FIPMIJW
6ITVIWWMRK EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW GER VIWYPX MR EKKVIWWMZI FILEZMSV
'LSMGI q%KKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW XS[EVH TISTPI EVI WSQIXMQIW I\TVIWWIH MR MRHM VIGX [E]Wr FIPSRKW MR XLI 4W]GLSH]REQMG %TTVSEGL VS[ FEWIH SR TEVEKVETL8LEX TEVEKVETL MR I\TPEMRMRK XLI 4W]GLSH]REQMG %TTVSEGL WXEXIW XLEX q4IRX YT EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW HIQERH SYXPIXW 8LI] QE] FI I\TVIWWIH XS[EVH TEVIRXW MR MRHMVIGX [E]W WYGL EW HIWXVS]MRK JYVRMXYVI r
'LSMGI q%KKVIWWMZIRIWW MW SJXIR YWIJYP JSV MRHMZMHYEPW MR XLI WXVYKKPI JSV WYV ZMZEPr FIPSRKW MR XLI &MSPSKMGEP %TTVSEGL VS[ FIGEYWI EW WXEXIH MR TEVEKVETLq%R SJJWLSSX SJ XLI FMSPSKMGEP ETTVSEGL GEPPIH WSGMSFMSPSK] WYKKIWXW XLEX EKKVIWWMSR MW REXYVEP ERH IZIR HIWMVEFPI JSV TISTPI r 8LI VIQEMRHIV SJ XLEX TEVEKVETL I\TPEMRW XLI [E]W MR [LMGL EKKVIWWMZI FILEZMSV GER FI YWIJYP MR XLI WXVYKKPI JSV WYVZMZEP 2IMXLIV SJ XLI SXLIV ETTVSEGLIW HMWGYWWIW XLMW MHIE WS XLMW ERW[IV GLSMGI FIPSRKW LIVI
'LSMGI q%KKVIWWMZI FILEZMSV QE] MRZSPZI E QMWYRHIVWXERHMRK SJ SXLIV TISTPItW MRXIRXMSRWr FIPSRKW MR XLI 'SKRMXMZI %TTVSEGL VS[ FEWIH SR TEVEKVETL 8LI XLIQI SJ XLEX TEVEKVETL MW XLEX TISTPI HIGMHI XS FI EKKVIWWMZI SV RSX PEVKIP] FEWIH YTSR XLIMV MRXIVTVIXEXMSRW SJ SXLIV TISTPItW QSXMZIW -X KSIW SR XS WE] XLEX XLIWI MRXIVTVIXEXMSRW QE] FI qHMWXSVXIH r SV QMWYRHIVWXSSH %GGSVHMRKP] XLMW ERW[IV GLSMGI FIPSRKW MR XLMW VS[
'LSMGI q%GXMRK EKKVIWWMZIP] MW XLI VIWYPX SJ E GLSMGI MRJPYIRGIH F] E TIVWSRtW ZEPYIW ERH FIPMIJWr FIPSRKW MR XLI 'SKRMXMZI %TTVSEGL VS[ FEWIH SR TEVE KVETL [LMGL WXEXIW q'SKRMXMZI TW]GLSPSKMWXW EWWIVX XLEX SYV FILEZMSV MW MRJPYIRGIH F] SYV ZEPYIW F] XLI [E]W MR [LMGL [I MRXIVTVIX SYV WMXYEXMSRW ERH F] GLSMGI r 8LYW XLMW MW ER MQTSVXERX EWTIGX SJ XLI GSKRMXMZI ETTVSEGL
'LSMGI q6ITVIWWMRK EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW GER VIWYPX MR EKKVIWWMZI FILEZMSVr FIPSRKW MR XLI 4W]GLSH]REQMG %TTVSEGL VS[ FEWIH SR TEVEKVETLW ERH &SXL SJ XLSWI TEVEKVETLW I\TPMGMXP] QEOI XLMW TSMRX MR XLI WIGXMSR SJ XLI TEW WEKI SR XLI 4W]GLSH]REQMG %TTVSEGL
'LSMGI q8LI RIIH XS I\TVIWW EKKVIWWMZI MQTYPWIW HIGPMRIW [MXL EKIr MW RSX QIR XMSRIH MR GSRRIGXMSR [MXL ER] SJ XLI ETTVSEGLIW XS EKKVIWWMSR HMWGYWWIH MR XLI TEWWEKI WS MX WLSYPH RSX FI YWIH