Offi-Guid-TOEFL

-RXVSHYGMRK XLI 83)*0 M&8

F%W ]SY TVEGXMGI EWO ]SYVWIPJ XLIWI UYIWXMSRW

X (MH - GSQTPIXI XLI XEWO#

X (MH - [VMXI GPIEVP]#

X (MH - QEOI KVEQQEXMGEP IVVSVW#

X (MH - YWI [SVHW GSVVIGXP]#

X (MH - SVKERM^I Q] MHIEW GPIEVP] ERH GSLIVIRXP]#

X (MH - YWI XLI XMQI IJJIGXMZIP]#

F1SRMXSV ]SYV S[R TVSKVIWW ERH EWO ER )RKPMWL XIEGLIV SV XYXSV XS IZEPY EXI XLI [VMXMRK F] YWMRK XLI ETTVSTVMEXI 83)*0 M&8 ;VMXMRK 6YFVMGW 7II TEKIW i ERH i JSV XLI 6YFVMGW

4VEGXMGI ]SYV [VMXMRK WOMPPW

[MXL 83)*0 4VEGXMGI 3RPMRI EX [[[ IXW SVK XSIJPTVEGXMGI ERH VIGIMZI MRWXERX

WGSVIW XS GSRJMVQ XLEX ]SY EVI VIEH] JSV XIWX HE] -J ]SY [ERX QSVI [VMXMRK

TVEGXMGI EWO ]SYV XIEGLIV EFSYX )87tW 'VMXIVMSR71 3RPMRI ;VMXMRK )ZEPYEXMSR

WIVZMGI

2SXIW

8IEGLIVW -X MW E KSSH MHIE JSV )RKPMWL TVSKVEQW XS YWI XLI 83)*0 7TIEOMRK ERH ;VMXMRK 6YFVMGW TEKIW i i ERH i XS QIEWYVI WXYHIRXWt EFMPMXMIW ERH IZEPYEXI XLIMV TVSKVIWW 8LMW LIPTW WXYHIRXW FYMPH XLIMV WOMPPW JSV XLI

83)*0 M&8

-RXVSHYGMRK XLI 83)*0 M&8

8IWX 4VITEVEXMSR 8MTW JVSQ )87

3RGI ]SY LEZI FYMPX ]SYV WOMPPW ERH TVEGXMGIH JSV XLI XIWX ]SY [MPP FI VIEH] JSV XLI 83)*0 M&8 XIWX ,IVI EVI WSQI KSSH XIWX XEOMRK WXVEXIKMIW VIGSQQIRHIH F] )87

F 'EVIJYPP] JSPPS[ XLI HMVIGXMSRW MR IEGL WIGXMSR XS EZSMH [EWXMRK XMQI

F'PMGO SR ,IPT XS VIZMI[ XLI HMVIGXMSRW SRP] [LIR EFWSPYXIP] RIGIWWEV]

FIGEYWI XLI XIWX GPSGO [MPP RSX WXST [LIR XLI ,IPT JYRGXMSR MW FIMRK YWIH

F(S RSX TERMG 'SRGIRXVEXI SR XLI GYVVIRX UYIWXMSR SRP] ERH HS RSX XLMRO EFSYX LS[ ]SY ERW[IVIH SXLIV UYIWXMSRW 8LMW MW E LEFMX XLEX GER FI PIEVRIH XLVSYKL TVEGXMGI

F%ZSMH WTIRHMRK XSS QYGL XMQI SR ER] SRI UYIWXMSR -J ]SY LEZI KMZIR XLI UYIWXMSR WSQI XLSYKLX ERH ]SY WXMPP HSRtX ORS[ XLI ERW[IV IPMQMREXI EW QER] ERW[IV GLSMGIW EW TSWWMFPI ERH XLIR WIPIGX XLI FIWX VIQEMRMRK GLSMGI =SY GER VIZMI[ ]SYV VIWTSRWIW MR XLI 6IEHMRK WIGXMSR F] GPMGOMRK SR 6IZMI[ ,S[IZIV MX MW FIWX XS HS XLMW SRP] EJXIV EPP XLI UYIWXMSRW LEZI FIIR ERW[IVIH WS ]SY WXE] JSGYWIH ERH WEZI XMQI

F4EGI ]SYVWIPJ WS ]SY LEZI IRSYKL XMQI XS ERW[IV IZIV] UYIWXMSR &I E[EVI SJ XLI XMQI PMQMX JSV IZIV] WIGXMSR XEWO ERH FYHKIX IRSYKL XMQI JSV IEGL UYIWXMSR XEWO WS ]SY HS RSX LEZI XS VYWL EX XLI IRH =SY GER LMHI XLI XMQI GPSGO MJ ]SY [MWL FYX MX MW E KSSH MHIE XS GLIGO XLI GPSGO TIVMSHMGEPP] XS QSRMXSV TVSKVIWW 8LI GPSGO [MPP EYXSQEXMGEPP] EPIVX ]SY [LIR JMZI QMR YXIW VIQEMR MR XLI 0MWXIRMRK ERH 6IEHMRK WIGXMSRW EW [IPP EW MR XLI MRHI TIRHIRX ERH MRXIKVEXIH XEWOW MR XLI ;VMXMRK WIGXMSR

-RXVSHYGMRK XLI 83)*0 M&8

5YIWXMSRW *VIUYIRXP] %WOIH F] 7XYHIRXW

8IWX &IRIJMXW

2S QEXXIV [LIVI MR XLI [SVPH ]SY [ERX XS WXYH] XLI 83)*0 XIWX GER LIPT ]SY KIX XLIVI =SY [MPP FI IPMKMFPI JSV EHQMWWMSR XS ZMVXYEPP] ER] MRWXMXYXMSR MR XLI [SVPH MRGPYHMRK XLI XST GSPPIKIW ERH YRMZIVWMXMIW MR XLI 9RMXIH 7XEXIW 'EREHE XLI 9RMXIH /MRKHSQ %YWXVEPME ERH 2I[ >IEPERH 7II XLI 9RMZIVWMX] (MVIGXSV] EX

[[[ IXW SVK XSIJP 8LI 83)*0 XIWX KMZIW ]SY QSVI JPI\MFMPMX] SR [LIR [LIVI ERH LS[ SJXIR ]SY

GER XEOI XLI XIWX ERH QSVI TVEGXMGI XSSPW ERH JIIHFEGO XLER ER] SXLIV )RKPMWL PERKYEKI XIWX MR XLI [SVPH

8IWX XEOIVW [LS EVI [IPP TVITEVIH JSV XLI 83)*0 M&8 GER JIIP GSRJMHIRX XLEX XLI] EVI EPWS [IPP TVITEVIH JSV EGEHIQMG WYGGIWW

8LI 83)*0 M&8 EWWIWWIW E XIWX XEOIVtW EFMPMX] XS MRXIKVEXI )RKPMWL WOMPPW ERH XS GSQQYRMGEXI EFSYX [LEX LI SV WLI VIEHW ERH LIEVW 8LIWI EVI XLI WOMPPW ]SY [MPP EGXYEPP] YWI MR ER EGEHIQMG GPEWWVSSQ

8LI XIWX EPWS QIEWYVIW WTIEOMRK QSVI JEMVP] XLER SXLIV XIWXW )EGL 7TIEOMRK VIWTSRWI MW IZEPYEXIH F] XLVII XS WM\ VEXIVW [LMGL MW QSVI SFNIGXMZI ERH VIPMEFPI XLER SXLIV XIWXW XLEX YWI SRP] SRI MRXIVZMI[IV JVSQ E PSGEP XIWX WMXI

%HQMWWMSRW SJJMGMEPW ERH JEGYPX] EX GSPPIKIW ERH YRMZIVWMXMIW EW [IPP EW EHQMRMW XVEXSVW SJ GIVXMJMGEXMSR ERH PMGIRWMRK EKIRGMIW VIGIMZI FIXXIV MRJSVQEXMSR SR ER ETTPMGERXtW )RKPMWL GSQQYRMGEXMSR WOMPPW

6IKMWXVEXMSR

3RPMRI VIKMWXVEXMSR MW XLI IEWMIWX QIXLSH =SY GER EPWS VIKMWXIV F] QEMP SV F] TLSRI 7II [[[ IXW SVK XSIJP JSV HIXEMPW 8LI -RJSVQEXMSR ERH 6IKMWXVEXMSR &YP PIXMR JSV 83)*0 M&8 MW EZEMPEFPI EX QER] EHZMWMRK GIRXIVW GSPPIKIW YRMZIVWMXMIW ERH PMFVEVMIW

6IKMWXVEXMSR MW EZEMPEFPI i QSRXLW FIJSVI XLI XIWX HEXI 6IKMWXIV IEVP] EW WIEXW JMPP YT UYMGOP]

8LI XIWX MW KMZIR SR JM\IH HEXIW i XMQIW E ]IEV EX WIGYVI -RXIVRIX FEWIH XIWX GIRXIVW 8LI )87 XIWXMRK RIX[SVO [MXL SZIV XIWX GIRXIVW MR GSYRXVMIW MW XLI PEVKIWX MR XLI [SVPH +S XS [[[ IXW SVK XSIJP JSV E PMWX SJ PSGEXMSRW ERH HEXIW

-RXVSHYGMRK XLI 83)*0 M&8

8LI TVMGI SJ XLI XIWX ZEVMIW F] GSYRXV] 4PIEWI GLIGO XLI 83)*0 [IFWMXI EX

[[[ IXW SVK XSIJP JSV XLI XIWX JIIW MR ]SYV GSYRXV]

)87 SJJIVW XLI 83)*0 4ETIV FEWIH 8IWX ERH XLI 8IWX SJ 7TSOIR )RKPMWLv 87) MR EVIEW [LIVI XLI 83)*0 M&8 MW RSX EZEMPEFPI

8IWX 4VITEVEXMSR

=IW I\EQMRIIW [LS VIKMWXIV XS XEOI XLI 83)*0 M&8 VIGIMZI E PMRO XS E 83)*0 M&8 7EQTPIV 8LI 7EQTPIV MRGPYHIW WEQTPI UYIWXMSRW JVSQ EPP JSYV WIGXMSRW SJ XLI 83)*0 M&8 8LI 6IEHMRK ERH 0MWXIRMRK WIGXMSRW EVI MRXIVEGXMZI ERH WEQTPI VIWTSRWIW EVI TVSZMHIH JSV XLI 7TIEOMRK ERH ;VMXMRK UYIWXMSRW

=IW 4VEGXMGI XIWXW JSV 83)*0 M&8 GER FI TYVGLEWIH EX 83)*0 4VEGXMGI 3RPMRI EX

[[[ IXW SVK XSIJPTVEGXMGI 8LMW WMXI JIEXYVIW TVEGXMGI XIWXW XLEX MRGPYHI I\GPYWMZI

83)*0 M&8 TVEGXMGI UYIWXMSRW GSZIVMRK EPP JSYV WOMPPW 6IEHMRK 0MWXIRMRK 7TIEO MRK ERH ;VMXMRK [MXL WGSVMRK TVSZMHIH F] GIVXMJMIH )87 VEXIVW

7GSVIW ERH 7GSVI 6ITSVXW

7GSVIW EVI TSWXIH SRPMRI JSV ]SY XS ZMI[ NYWX HE]W EJXIV XLI XIWX HEXI XLIR QEMPIH XS ]SY ERH XLI MRWXMXYXMSRW ]SY WIPIGXIH

-RGPYHIH [MXL ]SYV VIKMWXVEXMSR JIIW EVI

F TVMRXIH ERH SRPMRI WGSVI VITSVX JSV ]SY

FYT XS SJJMGMEP WGSVI VITSVXW XLEX )87 [MPP WIRH HMVIGXP] XS XLI MRWXMXYXMSRW SV EKIRGMIW XLEX ]SY WIPIGX [LIR ]SY VIKMWXIV

=IW *SV E WQEPP JII ]SY GER WIRH WGSVI VITSVXW XS EW QER] MRWXMXYXMSRW EW ]SY

GLSSWI 7II [[[ IXW SVK XSIJP JSV HIXEMPW

)87 [MPP VITSVX WGSVIW JSV ]IEVW EJXIV XLI XIWX HEXI

'LIGO [MXL IEGL MRWXMXYXMSR SV EKIRG] HMVIGXP]

-RXVSHYGMRK XLI 83)*0 M&8

8IWX (IPMZIV]

8LI XIWX MW KMZIR MR )RKPMWL LEW WIGXMSRW SR VIEHMRK PMWXIRMRK WTIEOMRK ERH [VMXMRK ERH XEOIW EFSYX ¡ LSYVW

7IGXMSR	8MQI 0MQMX	2S SJ 5YIWXMSRW
6IEHMRK	i QMRYXIW	i
0MWXIRMRK	i QMRYXIW	i
&VIEO	QMRYXIW
7TIEOMRK	QMRYXIW	XEWOW
;VMXMRK	QMRYXIW	XEWOW

2S 8LI IRXMVI XIWX QYWX FI XEOIR XS VIGIMZI E WGSVI

5;)68= XLI QSWX GSQQSR )RKPMWL PERKYEKI OI]FSEVH MW YWIH -X XEOIW MXW REQI JVSQ XLI JMVWX PIXXIVW EX XLI XST SJ XLI OI]FSEVH 8IWX XEOIVW WLSYPH TVEG XMGI SR E 5;)68= OI]FSEVH FIJSVI XEOMRK XLI 83)*0 M&8

83)*0 M&8 6IEHMRK

6IEH XLMW K 8LI X]TIW SJ 83)*0 M&8 6IEHMRK UYIWXMSRW

GLETXIV K ,S[ XS VIGSKRM^I IEGL 6IEHMRK UYIWXMSR X]TI

XS PIEVR K 8MTW JSV ERW[IVMRK IEGL 6IEHMRK UYIWXMSR X]TI

K 7XVEXIKMIW JSV VEMWMRK ]SYV 83)*0 6IEHMRK WGSVI

LI 83)*0 M&8 6IEHMRK WIGXMSR MRGPYHIW XS VIEHMRK TEWWEKIW IEGL

8ETTVS\MQEXIP] [SVHW PSRK 8LIVI EVI XS UYIWXMSRW TIV TEWWEKI =SY LEZI JVSQ XS QMRYXIW XS ERW[IV EPP UYIWXMSRW MR XLI WIGXMSR

83)*0 M&8 6IEHMRK 4EWWEKIW

83)*0 M&8 VIEHMRK TEWWEKIW EVI I\GIVTXW JVSQ GSPPIKI PIZIP XI\XFSSOW XLEX [SYPH FI YWIH MR MRXVSHYGXMSRW XS E HMWGMTPMRI SV XSTMG 8LI I\GIVTXW EVI GLERKIH EW PMX XPI EW TSWWMFPI FIGEYWI XLI KSEP SJ XLI 83)*0 M&8 MW XS EWWIWW LS[ [IPP WXYHIRXW GER VIEH XLI OMRH SJ [VMXMRK XLEX MW YWIH MR ER EGEHIQMG IRZMVSRQIRX

8LI TEWWEKIW [MPP GSZIV E ZEVMIX] SJ HMJJIVIRX WYFNIGXW (SRtX [SVV] MJ ]SY EVI YRJEQMPMEV [MXL XLI XSTMG SJ E TEWWEKI %PP XLI MRJSVQEXMSR RIIHIH XS ERW[IV XLI UYIWXMSRW [MPP FI MR XLI TEWWEKI %PP 83)*0 TEWWEKIW EVI GPEWWMJMIH MRXS XLVII FEWMG GEXIKSVMIW FEWIH SR EYXLSV TYVTSWI )\TSWMXMSR %VKYQIRXEXMSR ERH,MWXSVMGEP

3JXIR TEWWEKIW [MPP TVIWIRX MRJSVQEXMSR EFSYX XLI XSTMG JVSQ QSVI XLER SRI TIVWTIGXMZI SV TSMRX SJ ZMI[ 8LMW MW WSQIXLMRK ]SY WLSYPH RSXI EW ]SY VIEH FIGEYWI YWYEPP] ]SY [MPP FI EWOIH EX PIEWX SRI UYIWXMSR XLEX EPPS[W ]SY XS WLS[ XLEX ]SY LEZI YRHIVWXSSH XLI KIRIVEP SVKERM^EXMSR SJ XLI TEWWEKI 'SQQSR X]TIW SJ SVKERM^EXMSR ]SY WLSYPH FI EFPI XS VIGSKRM^I EVI

F GPEWWMJMGEXMSR

F GSQTEVMWSR GSRXVEWX

F GEYWI IJJIGX

F TVSFPIQ WSPYXMSR

83)*0 M&8 TEWWEKIW EVI ETTVS\MQEXIP] [SVHW PSRK FYX XLI TEWWEKIW YWIH QE] ZEV] WSQI[LEX MR PIRKXL 7SQI TEWWEKIW QE] FI WPMKLXP] PSRKIV XLER[SVHW ERH WSQI QE] FI WPMKLXP] WLSVXIV

83)*0 M&8 6IEHMRK

83)*0 M&8 6IEHMRK 5YIWXMSRW

83)*0 M&8 6IEHMRK UYIWXMSRW GSZIV &EWMG -RJSVQEXMSR WOMPPW -RJIVIRGMRK WOMPPW ERH 6IEHMRK XS 0IEVR WOMPPW 8LIVI EVI UYIWXMSR X]TIW 8LI JSPPS[MRK GLEVX WYQQEVM^IW XLI GEXIKSVMIW ERH X]TIW SJ 83)*0 M&8 6IEHMRK UYIWXMSRW

83)*0 6IEHMRK 5YIWXMSR 8]TIW

&EWMG -RJSVQEXMSR ERH -RJIVIRGMRK UYIWXMSRW XS UYIWXMSRW TIV WIX

*EGXYEP -RJSVQEXMSR UYIWXMSRW XS UYIWXMSRW TIV WIX

2IKEXMZI *EGXYEP -RJSVQEXMSR UYIWXMSRW XS UYIWXMSRW TIV WIX-RJIVIRGI UYIWXMSRW XS UYIWXMSRW TIV WIX

6LIXSVMGEP 4YVTSWI UYIWXMSRW XS UYIWXMSRW TIV WIX:SGEFYPEV] UYIWXMSRW XS UYIWXMSRW TIV WIX

6IJIVIRGI UYIWXMSRW XS UYIWXMSRW TIV WIX

7IRXIRGI 7MQTPMJMGEXMSR UYIWXMSRW XS UYIWXMSR TIV WIX-RWIVX 8I\X UYIWXMSR XS UYIWXMSR TIV WIX

6IEHMRK XS 0IEVR UYIWXMSRW TIV WIX

4VSWI 7YQQEV]

*MPP MR E 8EFPI

8LI JSPPS[MRK WIGXMSRW [MPP I\TPEMR IEGL SJ XLIWI UYIWXMSR X]TIW =SYtPP JMRH SYX LS[ XS VIGSKRM^I IEGL X]TI ERH ]SYtPP WII I\EQTPIW SJ IEGL X]TI [MXL I\TPE REXMSRW =SYtPP EPWS JMRH XMTW XLEX GER LIPT ]SY ERW[IV IEGL 83)*0 6IEHMRK 5YIW XMSR X]TI

&EWMG -RJSVQEXMSR ERH -RJIVIRGMRK 5YIWXMSRW

8]TI *EGXYEP -RJSVQEXMSR 5YIWXMSRW

8LIWI UYIWXMSRW EWO ]SY XS MHIRXMJ] JEGXYEP MRJSVQEXMSR XLEX MW I\TPMGMXP] WXEXIH MR XLI TEWWEKI *EGXYEP -RJSVQEXMSR UYIWXMSRW GER JSGYW SR JEGXW HIXEMPW HIJMRM XMSRW SV SXLIV MRJSVQEXMSR TVIWIRXIH F] XLI EYXLSV 8LI] EWO ]SY XS MHIRXMJ] WTI GMJMG MRJSVQEXMSR XLEX MW X]TMGEPP] QIRXMSRIH SRP] MR TEVX SJ XLI TEWWEKI 8LI] KIRIVEPP] HS RSX EWO EFSYX KIRIVEP XLIQIW XLEX XLI TEWWEKI EW E [LSPI HMWGYWWIW 3JXIR XLI VIPIZERX MRJSVQEXMSR MW MR SRI SV X[S WIRXIRGIW

*EGXYEP MRJSVQEXMSR UYIWXMSRW EVI SJXIR TLVEWIH MR SRI SJ XLIWI [E]W

F %GGSVHMRK XS XLI TEVEKVETL [LMGL SJ XLI JSPPS[MRK MW XVYI SJ <#

F 8LI EYXLSVtW HIWGVMTXMSR SJ < QIRXMSRW [LMGL SJ XLI JSPPS[MRK#

F %GGSVHMRK XS XLI TEVEKVETL < SGGYVVIH FIGEYWI

F %GGSVHMRK XS XLI TEVEKVETL < HMH = FIGEYWI

F %GGSVHMRK XS XLI TEVEKVETL [L] HMH < HS =#

F 8LI EYXLSVtW HIWGVMTXMSR SJ < QIRXMSRW [LMGL SJ XLI JSPPS[MRK#

83)*0 M&8 6IEHMRK

F=SY QE] RIIH XS VIJIV FEGO XS XLI TEWWEKI MR SVHIV XS ORS[ [LEX I\EGXP] MW WEMH EFSYX XLI WYFNIGX SJ XLI UYIWXMSR 7MRGI XLI UYIWXMSR QE] FI EFSYX E HIXEMP ]SY QE] RSX VIGEPP XLI HIXEMP JVSQ ]SYV JMVWX VIEHMRK SJ XLI TEWWEKI

F)PMQMREXI GLSMGIW XLEX TVIWIRX MRJSVQEXMSR XLEX MW GSRXVEHMGXIH MR XLI TEWWEKI

F(S RSX WIPIGX ER ERW[IV NYWX FIGEYWI MX MW QIRXMSRIH MR XLI TEWWEKI =SYV GLSMGI WLSYPH ERW[IV XLI WTIGMJMG UYIWXMSR XLEX [EW EWOIH

)\EQTPI	4%77%+) )<')648 q 7GYPTXYVIW QYWX JSV I\EQTPI FI WXEFPI [LMGL VIUYMVIW ER
	YRHIVWXERHMRK SJ XLI TVSTIVXMIW SJ QEWW [IMKLX HMWXVMFYXMSR ERH WXVIWW 4EMRXMRKW QYWX
	LEZI VMKMH WXVIXGLIVW WS XLEX XLI GERZEW [MPP FI XEYX ERH XLI TEMRX QYWX RSX HIXIVMSVEXI
	GVEGO SV HMWGSPSV 8LIWI EVI TVSFPIQW XLEX QYWX FI SZIVGSQI F] XLI EVXMWX FIGEYWI XLI]
	XIRH XS MRXVYHI YTSR LMW SV LIV GSRGITXMSR SJ XLI [SVO *SV I\EQTPI MR XLI IEVP] -XEPMER
	6IREMWWERGI FVSR^I WXEXYIW SJ LSVWIW [MXL E VEMWIH JSVIPIK YWYEPP] LEH E GERRSRFEPP
	YRHIV XLEX LSSJ 8LMW [EW HSRI FIGEYWI XLI GERRSRFEPP [EW RIIHIH XS WYTTSVX XLI
	[IMKLX SJ XLI PIK -R SXLIV [SVHW XLI HIQERHW SJ XLI PE[W SJ TL]WMGW RSX XLI WGYPTXSVtW
	EIWXLIXMG MRXIRXMSRW TPEGIH XLI FEPP XLIVI 8LEX XLMW HIZMGI [EW E RIGIWWEV] WXVYGXYVEP
	GSQTVSQMWI MW GPIEV JVSQ XLI JEGX XLEX XLI GERRSRFEPP UYMGOP] HMWETTIEVIH [LIR
	WGYPTXSVW PIEVRIH LS[ XS WXVIRKXLIR XLI MRXIVREP WXVYGXYVI SJ E WXEXYI [MXL MVSR FVEGIW
	MVSR FIMRK QYGL WXVSRKIV XLER FVSR^I q
	%GGSVHMRK XS TEVEKVETL WGYPTXSVW MR XLI -XEPMER 6IREMWWERGI WXSTTIH YWMRK GERRSR
	FEPPW MR FVSR^I WXEXYIW SJ LSVWIW FIGEYWI
	XLI] FIKER YWMRK E QEXIVMEP XLEX QEHI XLI WXEXYIW [IMKL PIWW
	XLI] JSYRH E [E] XS WXVIRKXLIR XLI WXEXYIW MRXIVREPP]
	XLI EIWXLIXMG XEWXIW SJ XLI TYFPMG LEH GLERKIH SZIV XMQI
	XLI GERRSRFEPPW EHHIH XSS QYGL [IMKLX XS XLI WXEXYIW
	8LI UYIWXMSR XIPPW ]SY XS PSSO JSV XLI ERW[IV MR TEVEKVETL =SY HS RSX RIIH XS
	WOMQ XLI IRXMVI TEWWEKI XS JMRH XLI VIPIZERX MRJSVQEXMSR
	'LSMGI WE]W XLEX WGYPTXSVW WXSTTIH TYXXMRK GERRSRFEPPW YRHIV XLI VEMWIH
	PIKW SJ LSVWIW MR WXEXYIW FIGEYWI XLI] PIEVRIH LS[ QEOI XLI WXEXYI [IMKL PIWW ERH
	RSX VIUYMVI WYTTSVX JSV XLI PIK 8LI TEWWEKI HSIW RSX QIRXMSR QEOMRK XLI WXEXYIW
	[IMKL PIWW MX WE]W XLEX WGYPTXSVW PIEVRIH E FIXXIV [E] XS WYTTSVX XLI [IMKLX
	'LSMGI WE]W XLEX XLI GLERKI SGGYVVIH SRP] FIGEYWI TISTPItW XEWXI GLERKIH
	QIERMRK XLEX XLI GERRSRFEPPW [IVI RIZIV WXVYGXYVEPP] RIGIWWEV] 8LEX HMVIGXP]
	GSRXVEHMGXW XLI TEWWEKI 'LSMGI WE]W XLEX XLI GERRSRFEPPW [IEOIRIH XLI WXVYG
	XYVI SJ XLI WXEXYIW 8LMW GLSMGI EPWS GSRXVEHMGXW XLI TEWWEKI 'LSMGI GSVVIGXP]
	MHIRXMJMIW XLI VIEWSR XLI TEWWEKI KMZIW JSV XLI GLERKI WGYPTXSVW HIZIPSTIH E [E]
	XS WXVIRKXLIR XLI WXEXYI JVSQ XLI MRWMHI QEOMRK XLI GERRSRFEPPW TL]WMGEPP]
	YRRIGIWWEV]

83)*0 M&8 6IEHMRK

8]TI 2IKEXMZI *EGXYEP -RJSVQEXMSR 5YIWXMSRW

8LIWI UYIWXMSRW EWO ]SY XS ZIVMJ] [LEX MRJSVQEXMSR MW XVYI ERH [LEX MRJSVQEXMSR MW 238 XVYI SV RSX MRGPYHIH MR XLI TEWWEKI FEWIH SR MRJSVQEXMSR XLEX MW I\TPMGMXP] WXEXIH MR XLI TEWWEKI 8S ERW[IV XLMW OMRH SJ UYIWXMSR JMVWX PSGEXI XLI VIPIZERX MRJSVQEXMSR MR XLI TEWWEKI 8LIR ZIVMJ] XLEX XLVII SJ XLI JSYV ERW[IV GLSMGIW EVI XVYI ERH XLEX XLI VIQEMRMRK GLSMGI MW JEPWI 6IQIQFIV JSV XLMW X]TI SJ UYIWXMSR XLI GSVVIGX ERW[IV MW XLI SRI XLEX MW 238 XVYI

=SY GER VIGSKRM^I RIKEXMZI JEGX MXIQW FIGEYWI IMXLIV XLI [SVH q238r SV q)<')48r ETTIEVW MR XLI UYIWXMSR MR GETMXEP PIXXIVW

F %GGSVHMRK XS XLI TEWWEKI [LMGL SJ XLI JSPPS[MRK MW 238 XVYI SJ <#

F8LI EYXLSVtW HIWGVMTXMSR SJ < QIRXMSRW EPP SJ XLI JSPPS[MRK )<')48

F 9WYEPP] E 2IKEXMZI *EGXYEP -RJSVQEXMSR UYIWXMSR VIUYMVIW ]SY XS GLIGO QSVI SJ XLI TEWWEKI XLER E *EGXYEP -RJSVQEXMSR UYIWXMSR 8LI XLVII GLSMGIW XLEX EVI QIRXMSRIH MR XLI TEWWEKI QE] FI WTVIEH EGVSWW E TEVE KVETL SV WIZIVEP TEVEKVETLW

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