3. Choose the right equivalent

1. presidium	1. not depending on authority or control
2. bias	2. favouring social equality
3. independent	3. a person with authority to hear
4. competent	4. of or in line with constitution
5.democratic	5. adequately qualified or capable
6. Duma	6. predisposition or prejudice
7. legislative	7. legislative organ in Russian Federation
8. executive	8. State in which supreme power is held by the people or by their elected representatives
9. constitutional	9. standing committee
10. republic	10. branch of government concerned with executive laws, agreements
	11. empowered to make legislation
	12. having self-government

4. Match the given phrases

1. rule of law	1 подавляющее большинство
2. to determine	2. кассация
3. to consider	3. юридическое лицо
4.General jurisdiction	4. состав присяжных
5. Judicial supervision	5. законность
6. to attribute to	6. военный суд
7. overwhelming majority	7. юридический контроль
8. administrative offences	8. общая юрисдикция
9. cassation	9. определять
10. judicial panel	10. рассматривать (дело)
	11. административные правонарушения
	12.относить

5. Insert the right word

1. The R.F. judicial system is an branch of power, free from political and ideo­logical .

2. It is independent from the and branches of power.

3. Independent, law court is an important component of a state based on a

rule of law.

4. The Court of the R.F. considers cases relating to the compliance of the fed­ eral laws.

5. It also controls over the laws of the State and constitutions of .

6. They work in the following compositions: of the court, judicial panel for

civil cases and judicial panel for criminal cases.

7. of the Peace are judges of the subjects of the R.F.

6. The Supreme Court of the Russian Federation

The Supreme Court of the Russian Federation is the supreme judicial body for civil, criminal, administrative and other cases under the jurisdiction of courts of general ju­risdiction, carries out judicial supervision over their activities according to the federal law-envisaged procedural forms and provides clarifications on the issues of court pro­ceedings (Article 126 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation). It heads the judicial system of general jurisdiction, representing a supreme tier of this system. The Supreme Court of Russian Federation has the right of the legislative initiative. It acts as a court of first instance for cases of special importance or special public in­terest when it accepts them for consideration according to the legislation. The law de­termines a category of cases which are included in the sphere of activities of the Su­preme Court of the Russian Federation as a court of first instance. The Supreme Court of the Russian Federation is a cassation instance in relation to the federal courts of general jurisdiction of republics or oblast. It supervises legality, va­lidity and substantiality of sentences and other decisions of courts of lower level. The Supreme Court of the Russian Federation is composed of its Chairman, first deputy and deputies of the Chairman, the justices of the Court and People's as­sessors. The Supreme Court has the following structure: The Plenum of the Supreme Court.

The Plenum of the Supreme Court on the basis of studies and generalization of the judicial practice and judicial statistics, provides its guidance to courts on the issues of proper application of the legislation of the Russian Federation. The Plenum hears reports on the activities of the Presidium of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, reports by the judicial chambers chairmen . It has the right to present the legislative body with presentations on issues subject to be resolved in the legislative order.

The Presidium of the Supreme Court.

Apart from consideration of cases by way of supervision and upon newly discovered evidences, the Presidium of the Supreme Court considers and hears issues relating to the organization of activities of judicial chambers, examines materials of the studies and generalization of judicial practice, analyses judicial statistics, assists lower courts in correct application of the legislation. Judicial chambers.

There are three chambers in the structure of the Supreme Court of the Russian Fed­eration: Judicial Chamber on Civil Cases; Judicial Chamber on Criminal Cases; and

Military Chamber. Within the limits of their powers they consider cases as courts of first instances; in the order of cassation; by way of supervision and on newly discov­ered evidence, study and generalize judicial practice, analyse judicial statistics. The Supreme Court of the Russian Federation is assisted in exercising its powers by several offices, departments and other structural units.

At present the Supreme Court has initiated establishment of the ail-Russian system of administrative justice . The appropriate draft of a federal law has already been pre­sented to the State Duma.

- a court of first instance - суд первой инстанции;

- sphere of activities - сфера деятельности;

validity of sentences - законность обвинительного заключения;

- assessors - эксперты;

- to be resolved in the legislative order - быть принятым в соответствии с установленной законом процедурой;

- way of supervision - способ наблюдения.