X. Переведите с русского языка на английский:

1. В планировании сельскохозяйственного предприятия важно учесть фактор размещения жилого массива. 2. Не­обходимо создать максимально хорошие условия для сель­ских тружеников. 3. Для размещения жилого массива тре­буется территория с благоприятной окружающей средой. 4. Производительность труда во многом зависит от условий, в которых живет сельский труженик.

XI. Определите, какими частями речи являются выделенные слова. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

1.Internal land use planning also deals with allocation of living areas. 2. People living in rural communities need more favourable conditions for their life and public activity. 3. Now we can see great changes in agriculture. 4. Wise plan­ned electrical power distribution greatly changes the life of the farmers. 5. It seems probable that within twenty years remote controlled fieldwork will be the norm. 6. You probably will be a good specialist of land use planning.

Lesson 12. Communications systems

I. Выучите новую лексику урока:

freight n груз expenditure n трата, расход,

relax v ослаблять, уменьшать издержка

disappear v исчезать additional a добавочный,

route n 1. путь, трасса, дорога; дополнительный

2. маршрут; курс; ensure v обеспечить,

v направлять; распределять гарантировать

widen v расширять collision n столкновение

substantial а существенный disturbance n нарушение,

shift n 1. сдвиг; 2. изменение беспорядок

II. Прочтите и переведите текст: Text а. Agro-Industrial Complex and Communications Systems

In land use planning a communications system en­compasses the transportation of people, freight, electricity, gas, and liquids. Every year large areas of land are taken for motorways and farm roads. Infarm land use planning deals with the farm road network of agricultural enterprises. The design and operation of the farm network should meet the needs of the agro-industrial complex.

Modern transportation has tended to relax the influence of distance upon agricultural and other land-based production. But still this influence doesn't disappear, and location of communications systems is of crucial importance.

Until comparatively recently the coordination and rout­ing of internal and interfarm transportation systems has been restricted by the potential of the farms. The development of agro-industrial complex has creat­ed new opportunities for construction, improvement, widen­ing, and relocation of existing farm roads. The transportation network is established as a composite part of agricultural production.

The transportation network needs a substantial acreage of land. The farm roads which link the railway with the produc­tion centres and residential areas also need land. These re­quirements together with the new areas needed for the con­struction of transportation network call for a shift of a sub­stantial land acreage of arable land and other land resources.

The farm roads tend to fall into two groups, those which are of non-agricultural use, and those which link internal transportation network of agricultural enterprise. The ex­penditure on improvements of these two groups of farm roads depends on their importance for farm operation.

The width of the farm roads is designed according to the existing needs. The farm roads used for transportation of people and farm machinery are 5-8 metres wide. The road network which links the residential areas and production units with the railway and motorway is projected with the width of 8-13 metres.

Substantial additional acreages are, however, needed for the construction and improvement of farm roads. The agro-in­dustrial complex needs a modern well-developed transportation system based on a broad approach to agricultural production.