- •Part III text 1. History of economics
- •Text 2. Money
- •American money
- •English money.
- •Text 3. The functions of money
- •Text 4. The role of banks in theory
- •Text 5. Central bank
- •Text 6. Finance
- •Text 7. Recruitment
- •Finance Analyst
- •Text 8. Job specification
- •Text 9. People in organization
- •Insert the correct verb.
- •Text 10. Behaviour patterns
- •Text 11. Dismissal procedure
- •Text 12. The company structure The Company Organization
- •Text 13. Board of directors
- •Text 14. What you need to become a successful leader
- •In both these examples a modal verb is used to express mild obligation or advice. What do the following verbs express?
- •Text 15. How to motivate your employees
- •Text 16. Meetings
- •Part IV text 1. Advertising in early western history
- •Text 2. Advertising
- •Text 3. Advertising and promotion
- •Text 4. Major methods of advertising and promotion How to Write Ads?
- •What Should You Write in Your Ads?
- •Major Methods of Advertising
- •An Example of the Definitions
- •Text 5. Adventages and disadventages of different advertising medium
- •Newspaper Advertising
- •Some Advantages in Newspaper Advertising
- •Some Disadvantages with Newspaper Advertising
- •Magazine Advertising
- •Direct Mail
- •Specialty Advertising
- •Conclusion
- •Text 6. Public relations and advertising
- •The Advertising Pyramid: a Guide to Setting Objectives
- •Text 8. Controvercial advertising
- •Text 9. The right design is the shortest way to success
- •Text 10. Does advertising make us too materialistic?
- •Text 11. Commercials aimed at kids
- •Text 12. Consumer behaviour from the advertising perspective
- •1. Explain, in your own words, why advertising people must understand the complexity of human behaviour.
- •2. What three processes is consumer behaviour governed by?
- •3. Explain your understanding of perception, learning and motivation.
- •Text 13. Advertising as a business
- •If you want to use English in a natural way, you should note down and learn expressions like these.
- •Text 14. What does it take to become an ad manager?
- •Text 15. Advertising as a career in the usa
- •Рекомендуемая литература
Text 12. The company structure The Company Organization
Company is an association of persons officially formed for the purpose of some business. Most companies are made up of three groups of people: the shareholders (who provide the capital), the management and the workforce. It is often headed by the board of directors. The board headed by the chairman usually consists of individuals elected by the shareholders to manage the business. The directors are active in the day-to-day operation as well as company policy and broad general direction. The management structure of a typical company is shown in this organisation chart.
Board of Directors |
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Managing Directors |
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Finance Director |
Marketing Manager |
Production Manager |
Personnel Manager |
Purchasing Manager |
Planning Manager |
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Accounts Manager |
Sales Manager |
Public Relations Manager |
Advertising Manager |
Training Manager |
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Pay attention to the fact that American job titles differ from British ones. These are rough equivalents:
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British
American
Chairman
President
Managing Director
Chief Executive Officer
Director
Vice President
Accountant
Financial Controller
Manager
Director
Companies belong to various areas of business, such as: engineering, microelectronics, chemicals, vehicle manufacturing, aerospace, shipping, transport, retailing, catering, insurance, banking, etc.
EXERCISES
Exercise 1. Answer the following questions:
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How is the company defined?
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What body is usually at the head of the company?
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Who elects it?
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Is the Board of Directors responsible only for day-to-day operation of the company?
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How many directors and managers compose the Board of Directors according to the diagram?
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To whom does the Advertising Manager report?
Exercise 2. Match the English words and word combinations with their Russian equivalents.
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A. правление компании B. председатель C. менеджер по рекламе D. менеджер по маркетингу E. начальник производства F. менеджер по работам G. менеджер по закупкам H. менеджер по продажам I. главный бухгалтер J. менеджер по подготовке кадров K. управляющий по административно-хозяйственной работе L. страхование M. машиностроение, техника N. покупать O. акционер P. космос Q. председатель S. средство перевозки (автомобиль, вагон и т.п.) T. правление, совет U. грузовые перевозки V. сфера общественного питания
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Exercise 3. Match the words with their corresponding definitions.
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a. a planned series of actions b. main offices c. a place or address d. the introduction of a new idea e. a selection or series f. making different types of products g an agreed course of action h. the right to make or sell an invention |
Exercise 4.
A. Match the prepositions with the verbs below.
from in (x3) to (x4) for of on (x2)
apply … somebody … something |
refer |
benefit |
succeed |
approve |
belong |
result |
depend |
believe |
report … somebody … something |
B. Complete the sentences using verbs and prepositions from exercise 1 in the correct form.
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In the purchasing department there is a manager, and five employees who ……her.
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In this company, we firmly …… the value of creativity and Innovation.
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The development of computer technology has …… enormous changes in the way that people work.
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Whether or not we succeed in creating and selling new products , …… a number of factors.
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Most of our staff ……. at least one of the company's sports or leisure clubs.
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The Personal Manager thinks that we would all …… further training in how to use the office software.
C. Write three more sentences, using the verb and Preposition combinations above.
Exercise 5.
The following verbs can be used to describe upward and downward movements in price, quantity and amount.
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Intransitive verbs
Transitive verbs
(verbs which do not have an object)
(verbs which have an object)
increase
fall
increase
raise
drop
decrease
rise
decline
decrease
reduce
go down
go up
drop
Complete these sentences using a noun or verb from the boxes above. Use each word only once.
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There are several competing companies entering the market and this has caused a 20% …… in prices.
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Last year was a good year for the company and our sales …… considerably.
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The price of coffee has …… as a result of the bad weather conditions.
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As a result of the recession, we have had to …… the amount of money we spend on research and development.
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The …… in profits is the result of poor management.
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The recent …… in overseas investment has been good for the economy.
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Economists predict that interest rates will …… if consumer spending continues to slow down.
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Because of high profits last year, the company has announced a salary …… for all its employees.
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The population of the world is …….
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The prices of electronic goods …….
Exercise 6. Complete the passage opposite about Mr Pat Guerin, Industrial Relations Manager of Guinness Ireland. Use these expressions.
a This job involved ...
b I reported directly to ...
с I was employed as ...
d I worked ...
e The next position I held was ...
f I was then promoted to ...
g In this role ...
h I've worked ...
When I first started working in Guinness 1 I was employed as a general worker. For three years 2 …… in the bottling plant as a machine operator, 3 …… or a period of seven years in the engineering department as a maintenance assistant. This involved working with technically skilled personnel in maintaining plant and equipment. In both jobs 4 …… a supervisor. Since then, however, the structure of the company has significantly changed and the supervisor layer no longer exists. General workers now report to a plant manager. 5 …… the position of laboratory officer in the quality assurance laboratory. 6 …… carrying out a wide range of analyses on all aspects of the brewing process. For the past year 7 …… in the personnel department as an Industrial Relations Manager. 8 …… I report directly to the Personnel Manager of the company.