- •English in the сontext of psychology Учебно-методический комплекс по английскому языку
- •Содержание
- •Предисловие
- •Discussion
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Innovators
- •Discussion
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Information processing
- •Influence
- •Interesting facts
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Internal
- •Information processing model
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Inappropriateness
- •Interesting facts
- •Warming - up
- •Carl Rogers
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Impartial observer
- •Incapable
- •Discussion
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Irritation
- •Discussion
- •Warming – up
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Initially
- •Impossibility
- •Discussion
- •Text 3. The Paradoxical Effects of Stereotype Suppression: When Thoughts We Don’t Want Come Back to Haunt Us
- •Identify the underlined words as nouns, verbs, adjectives, or adverbials.
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Interesting quotations
- •Dicsussion
- •Techniques That Can Help
- •Information presented in the text? The words to choose are listed below:
- •Insert the necessary prepositions:
- •Warming – up
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Influence
- •Implicit
- •Text 2 How Cultures Differ
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Individual and Collective Orientation
- •Text 3 Culture Shock
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Inadequacy
- •Warming - up
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Voice tone
- •Incompetence
- •Ignorance
- •Identify the words below as nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbials:
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Influence
- •Insert prepositions adverbs where necessary.
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Insert prepositions where necessary:
- •Unit 10. Interpersonal relationship warming - up
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Insufficient
- •Vocabulary notes
- •The advantages of assertive communication
- •Disadvantages of assertive communication
- •Characteristics of assertive communication.
- •Six techniques for assertive communication
- •Conclusion.
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Unit 11 stress warming - up
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Ingredient
- •Infrequent
- •Dicsussion
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Intensity
- •1. Become aware of your stressors and your emotional and physical reactions.
- •2. Recognize what you can change.
- •3. Reduce the intensity of your emotional reactions to stress.
- •4. Learn to moderate your physical reactions to stress.
- •5. Build your physical reserves.
- •6. Maintain your emotional reserves.
- •Interesting facts
- •Dicsussion
- •Warming - up
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Irritability
- •Interesting facts
- •Section 2 управляемая самостоятельная работа студентов
- •Careers in psychology
- •What type of psychologist would you like to be?
- •Milgram experiment
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Solomon asch experiment (1958) a study of conformity Social Pressure and Perception
- •Section 3 supplementary reading the self and thinking
- •Are you happy being you?
- •Emotion
- •Competence
- •Characteristics of competent communicators
- •How to tell when another person is lying. Nonverbal cues and the detection of deception.
- •How to help a depressed loved one
- •A new way to look at death
- •Art therapy
- •Dance therapy
- •Программа дисциплины
- •Professional communication.
Discussion
Do you agree with the hierarchy of needs developed by Maslow? Can you find the examples where you could see this theory at work. Do you think it is universal? Do you think there can be exemptions?
UNIT 6. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
Warming – up
1. What is stereotyping? Explain how you understand this term.
2. What is negative about stereotyping?
3. Are stereotypes related to prejudice?
Text 1 Stereotypes and Stereotyping
Vocabulary notes
simplification
generalization
Initially
stamp
multiple
to summarize
to acquire secondhand
erroneous
Impossibility
- упрощение
- обобщение
- изначально
- штамп, печать
- множественный
- быть собранным
- приобретать из вторых рук
- ошибочный
- невозможность
resistant
gender inequalities
to alert
circumstances
simplistic
-имеющий высокую степень сопротивления
- неравенство полов
- настораживать
- обстоятельства
- упрощенный
Stereotyping is a simplification and generalization process. It helps people categorize and understand their world, but at the same time it often leads to errors.
Stereotypes can be positive or negative, such as when various nationalities are stereotyped as friendly or unfriendly. We often find people stereotyped around characteristics of age ("All teenagers love rock and roll and have no respect for their parents."), sex ("men want just one thing from a woman."), race ("All Japanese look and think alike."), religion ("All Catholics love the Pope more than their country."), profession ("All lawyers are greedy.") and nationality ("All Germans are Nazis").
Objects can be stereotyped around characteristics of places ("All cities are corrupt and sinful." "Small towns are safe and clean." "In England, it rains all the time.") and things ("All Korean cars are cheaply made.").
The term "stereotype" initially referred to a printing stamp which was used to make multiple copies from a single model, but the great journalist and commentator Walter Lipprnann adopted the term in his 1922 book "Public Opinion" as a means of describing the way society is set about categorizing people — "stamping" human beings with a set of characteristics — as well. In his pioneering work, Lippmann identified four aspects of stereotypes. A brief look at them will serve as a summary of this valuable popular cultural tool. Lippmann wrote that stereotypes are:
1) Simple: certainly more simple than reality, but also often capable of being summarized in only two to three sentences.
2) Acquired secondhand: people acquire (and absorb) stereotypes from someone else rather than from their own experience. The culture "distills" reality and then expresses its beliefs and values in stereotypical images.
3) Erroneous: all stereotypes are false. Some are less false than others and (more importantly) some are less harmful than others. But all are false by their very nature. They are attempts to claim that each individual human being in a certain group shares a set of common qualities. Since an individual is different from all other individuals by definition, stereotypes are a logical impossibility.
4) Resistant to change: during the last twenty-five years the difficulties with racial and gender inequalities in American life have alerted most people to the tragic consequences of popular stereotypes.
Despite the fact that stereotyping is a natural method of classification and has some useful functions under certain circumstances, it can be problematic.
Stereotypes can reduce a wide range of differences in people to simplistic categorizations, transform assumptions about particular groups of people into “realities”.
EXERCISE 1
Questions to the text:
What is stereotyping?
What is the main function of stereotyping?
What characteristics are people most often stereotyped around?
What does the term stereotype initially refer to?
Who adopted the term in its modern meaning?
What are the four aspects of stereotypes according to Lippmann?
What does it mean that stereotypes are acquired secondhand?
Are all stereotypes false?
What is negative about stereotyping?