Занятие 8.

Этапы занятия и рекомендуемая продолжительность тренировки видов речевой деятельности:

I. Устная речь. – 20 мин Направлено на формирование компетенции ок-6.

Задание 1. Ответьте на вопросы:

1. Can a doctor treat people without highly effective treating aids?

2. What rooms does the pharmacy have?

3. What can you see in the hall?

4. What departments are there at the Chemist’s?

5. What can you buy at the Chemist’s?

6. How are the drugs prepared at the prescription department?

II. Изучающее чтение. (40 мин) Направлено на формирование компетенции ок-5

Прочтите и переведите текст, используя Vocabulary Extension

Drugs

Drugs are chemical substances used in medicine in the treatment of diseases. These chemical substances can come from many different sources. They can be obtained from various parts of plants, such as leaves, flowers, fruit, stems, roots and rhizomes. Some drugs may be of animal origin. They are produced from the blood, serum, organs, bile and other tissues of animals. Some drugs are synthesized in the laboratory, vitamins are obtained from food substances. Mineral waters, salt and other natural substances are also used as drugs.

Drugs are produced in hard, soft, liquid and other forms. Hard forms of drugs are: tablets, pills and powders. Soft forms are oils, ointments, creams and so on. Liquid forms are, solutions, mixtures, infusions, decoctions, tinctures etc. Gases, vapours and aerosols are also used in medicine.

Drugs are kept in bottles, boxes, parcels, tubes, ampoules and jars. Every small bottle or a box has a label with the name of the medicine stuck on it. The dose to be taken and directions for the administration are also written on the label. Nurses, doctors and patients themselves must not confuse different medicines because some of them are poisonous and their overdosage may cause an untoward reaction and sometimes even death.

Drugs come into the body and are absorbed into the bloodstream. Depending upon the body sensitivity and reactivity the drugs produce various actions and have different effects. According to their effects, the drugs may be tonics, sedatives, laxatives, sleeping-draughts, analgetic, anesthetic of a local or systemic action, anti-pruritics or antiseptics. The action of the drug is expected to be healing, curative and helpful. It can produce strong or weak effect, may be neutral. But sometimes when the prescription is not followed, in case of overdosage or hypersensitivity of the body, the drugs produce (give) side effects, such as, hives, rhinitis, asthma, allergic reaction, blood dyscrasia, collagen disorders, photosensitivity and other reactions.

Vocabulary Extension

stems

rhizomes

mold

digitalis (fox-glove)

confuse

to obtain

infusions

unfavourable

• стебли

• корневищa

• плесень

• наперстянка

• перепутать

• получать, добывать

• настои

• неблагоприятный

tinctures

decoctions

vapours

jars

label

indicate

direction

administration

poisonous

untoward effect

the dose to be taken

• настройки

• отвары

• пары

• баночки

• этикетка

• указывать, обозначать

• указание к применению

• применение назначение

• ядовитый

• побочное действие

• доза, которую надо принять

• побочный эффект

• крапивница

• зуд

• ринит

• патологические изменения крови

• кумулятивный

• нежелательный

• синергичный / совместно действующий

• идиосинкразический (уникальный,

• индивидуальный) эффект

• толерантность, привыкание, переносимость

• анафилактический шок

side effect

hives

pruritis

rhinitis

blood dyscrasia

cumulative

adverse

synergetic

idiosyncratic action

tolerance

anaphylaxis