- •Федеральное агентство по образованию
- •Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования
- •Санкт-Петербургский государственный горный институт им. Г.В. Плеханова
- •(Технический университет)
- •Английский язык
- •Санкт-Петербург
- •Text 2 Oil and Gas Composition
- •Petroleum hydrocarbon structures
- •1. Paraffins
- •2. Naphthenes
- •3. Aromatics
- •Text 3 Oil and Natural Gas Formation
- •Text 4 Characteristics of Reservoir Rock
- •Text 6 Finding the oil
- •Oil and Gas Quiz
- •Unit 2.
- •From the history of oil industry
- •Petroleum History
- •Petroleum Timeline
- •Ex.4 After reading the following texts 3-7 make the similar Petroleum Timeline for our country. Text 3 From the History of Oil Production in Russia
- •Text 4 The Birth of the Industry
- •Text 5 The Rise of the Soviet Oil Industry
- •Text 7 Further Development
- •Text 8 Modern Development of Oil and Gas Industry in Russia
- •Text 9 The Role of Oil and Gas in Our Life
- •Text 10 Oil and Gas Consumption
- •Text 11 The Future of Oil
- •Text 12 Oil Prices
- •Text 2 How to Get a Job in the Oil Industry
- •Text 3 The Petroleum Industry
- •Oil Industry has Lost its Luster?
- •Contents
- •Bibliography:
Федеральное агентство по образованию
Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования
Санкт-Петербургский государственный горный институт им. Г.В. Плеханова
(Технический университет)
А.И. Михеев, М.А. Перфилова
Английский язык
Методические указания для студентов
по специальности «нефть и газ»
Санкт-Петербург
2007
УДК
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК. Методические указания для студентов по специальности «нефть и газ» / Санкт-Петербургский государственный горный ин-т. Составители: А.И. Михеев, М.А. Перфилова: СПб, 2007. 61 с.
Методические указания предназначены для студентов по специальности нефтегазовое дело, изучающих английский язык.
Изучение материала преследует цель развития навыков и умений чтения и перевода литературы по специальности с последующим использованием извлеченной информации для речевой практики.
Методические указания состоят из текстовых блоков и упражнений, направленных на активизацию познавательной деятельности обучающихся, освоение нового лексического материала и для развития коммуникативных навыков на английском языке, что позволяет мотивировать интерес к будущей специальности.
Библиогр.: 11.
Научный редактор: доц. А. И. Михеев
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© Санкт-Петербургский горный институт им Г. В. Плеханова, 2007г. |
UNIT 1
OIL AND GAS
Text 1
Ex.1 Read and translate the text.
Ex. 2 Answer the questions:
What is crude oil?
Where is crude oil found?
What are the primary elements in oil composition?
What factors do oil properties depend on?
What is the synonym to «crude oil»?
What is natural gas?
What is the main component of natural gas?
Where are different oil and gas components separated?
Ex.3 Supply the text with the suitable title.
Crude oil is a smelly, yellow-to-black liquid and is usually found in underground areas called reservoirs. Crude oil is a mixture of thousands of chemicals and compounds, primarily hydrocarbons with minor proportions of other chemicals such as compounds of sulphur, nitrogen and oxygen. To use the different parts of the mixture they must be separated from each other. This separation is called refining. In the refinery, most of these non - hydrocarbon substances are removed and the oil is broken down into its various components, and blended into useful products.
The elemental composition of crude oil is fairly constant:
Carbon - 83 to 87%
Hydrogen - 10 to 14%
Nitrogen - 0.1 to 2%
Oxygen - 0.05 to 1.5%
Sulphur - 0.05 to 6%
Crude oils from different parts of the world, or even from different depths in the same oilfield, contain different mixtures of hydrocarbons and other compounds. This is why they vary from light coloured volatile liquids to thick, dark oils - so viscous that they are difficult to pump from the ground.
Crude oil is properly known as petroleum. From the Latin the word "petroleum" means "rock oil" or "oil from the earth."
Natural gas is comprised of a mixture of gases, mainly hydrocarbons, found in geological formations. Methane is the principal component, generally comprising from 87 per cent to 97 per cent by volume of the hydrocarbons depending on the source of the gas. The chemical formula for methane is CH4 - that is, a molecule of methane has one carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms.
In addition to methane (CH4), natural gas also contains small percentages of:
ethane (C2H6)
propane (C3H8)
butane (C4H10)
pentane (C5H12)
nitrogen, oxygen, water and carbon dioxide
These components are separated from the methane at a gas fractionation plant.