Comparatives and superlatives

		comparative	superlative
regular	Long Cold	longer colder	longest coldest
Adj. ending in ‘e’	Large Wide	larger wider	largest widest
Adj. ending in vowel + ‘t’ or ‘d’	Hot Red	hotter redder	hottest reddest
Adj. with 3 or more syllables	expensive important	more expensive more important	most expensive most important
irregular	good bad farl little much many	better worse further less more more	best worst furthest least most most

Possesives

Possessive case	Personal Prn.	Possessive Pronouns
Mary’s shoes the boys’ shoes The cat’s tail the men’s hats	I You He She It We They	my cat The cat is mine your hat The hat is yours his dog The dog is his. her dress The dress is hers. its tail - Our house The house is ours. Their dog The dog is theirs.

Numbers

How numbers are spoken

Numbers over 20	Numbers over 100	Numbers over 1000	Ordinal numbers
21 twenty-one	101 a/one hundred (and) one	1001 a/one thousand (and) one	20th twentieth
22 twenty-two	121 a/one hundred (and) twenty-one	1121 one thousand one hundred (and) twenty-one	21 st twenty-first
32 thirty-two	200 two hundred	2000 two thousand	25th twenty-fifth
99 ninety-nine	232 two hundred (and) thirty-two	2232 two thousand two hundred (and) thirty-two	90th ninetieth
	999 nine hundred (and) ninety-nine	9999 nine thousand nine hundred (and) ninety-nine	99th ninety-ninth
			100th hundredth

Note: In British English the ‘232’ is always used: two hundred and thirty-two. But in American English it is often left out: two hundred thirty-two.

Irregular verbs

Verb	past tense	past participle	verb	past tense	past participle
begin	began	Begun	hurt	hurt	hurt
bind	bound	Bound	keep	kept	kept
bite	bit	Bitten	know	knew	known
blow	blew	Blown	lay	laid	laid
break	broke	Broken	learn	learned, learnt	learned, learnt
bring	brought	brought	leave	left	left
build	built	built	lend	lent	lent
burn	burned, burnt	burned, burnt	let	let	let
burst	burst	burst	lie	lay	lain
buy	bought	Bought	lose	lost	lost
can	could	Could	make	made	made
cast	cast	cast	may	might	might
catch	caught	Caught	mean	meant	meant
choose	chose	Chosen	meet	met	met
come	came	Come	pay	paid	paid
cost	cost	cost	read	read /red/	read /red/
cut	cut	Cut	ring	rang	rung
deal	dealt /delt/	Dealt	rise	rose	risen
dig	dug	dug	run	ran	run
do	did	Done	say	said	said
draw	drew	Drawn	see	saw	seen
dream	dreamed, dreamt	dreamed, dreamt	sell	sold	sold
drink	drank	Drunk	send	sent	sent
drive	drove	Driven	set	set	set
eat	ate	Eaten	shake	shook	shaken
fall	fell	Fallen	shoot	shot	shot
feed	fed	Fed	shut	shut	shut
feel	felt	Felt	sing	sang	sung
fight	fought	Fought	sink	sank, sunk	sunk
find	found	Found	sit	sat	sat
fly	flew	flown	sleep	slept	slept
forbid	forbade, forbad	Forbidden	speak	spoke	spoken
forget	forgot	forgotten	stand	stood	stood
forgive	forgave	Forgiven	steal	stole	stolen
get	got	got (gotten AmE)	strike	struck	struck
give	gave	Given	swim	swam	swum
go	went	Gone	swing	swung	swung
grow	grew	Grown	take	took	taken
have	had	Had	teach	taught	taught
hear	heard	Heard	tell	told	told
hide	hid	hidden, hid	think	thought	thought
hit	hit	Hit	throw	threw	thrown
hold	held	Held	understand	understood	understood
			wear	wore	worn