X. Rewrite the sentences beginning in the way shown. Don`t use by unless it is important to the meaning.

1. The company has cut all salaries.

All salaries _________________________________________

2. The bank manager kept me waiting for half an hour.

I _________________________________________________

3. Employers must pay all travel expenses for this training course.

All travel expenses _______________________________________

4. Do you suppose your brother could have written such a letter?

Do you suppose such a letter ____________________________________

5. They use a computer to do that job nowadays.

A computer _________________________________________________

6. During the recession, the firm was making people redundant almost every week.

During the recession people _______________________________________

7. Nobody informed the police that there had been a mistake.

The police _____________________________________________________

8. Where will your company send you next week?

Where will you _________________________________________________

9. The news about the famine distressed her.

She _________________________________________________________

10. I`ve still got the camera because no one has claimed it.

I`ve still got the camera because it ________________________________

11. Has anyone ever asked you for your opinion?

Have you __________________________________________________

12. The children shouldn`t have opened that parcel.

That parcel _________________________________________________

13. All visitors must wear identity badges.

Identity badges ______________________________________________

XI. Put the verbs into a suitable tense in the passive.

• Hi! I`m back. Sorry I`m late.

• Hello. What kept you?

• I had to use the ring road and I (stick) in a traffic jam for forty minutes.

• Why didn`t you use the usual route?

• Because the road (close) until work on the access road to the new hospital (complete).

• When is it due to (finish)?

• Well, the access road (open) by the Mayor next week, according to the newspaper, and the Health Minister (invite) to open the hospital on the same day, but they don`t know yet whether she`s definitely coming.

• A lot of money (waste) if she doesn`t come.

• Why`s that?

• Haven`t you seen all those rose bushes that (plant) round the hospital?

• So? They`ll lovely for the patients.

• But the patients won`t be able to see them, because they`re round the entrance, and the wards look out in the other direction. A lot of people protested about it, but all their complaints (ignore) until it was too late.

• If they had money to spare, it (spend) on facilities for patients, not on making the front look pretty for the Minister.

• Absolutely. It`s typical of this local council. They (elect) to save money, but they do just the opposite.

• Perhaps they (throw) out at the next election.

• I hope so. Now, are you ready for supper?

XII. Put the verbs in a suitable tense, Active or Passive.

Dear Sally,

How are you? We`ve been having a lovely time. We`re being well looked after by our hosts. We (take) sightseeing and we (introduce) to some of their friends, who (make) us feel welcome. Last night we (show) round a castle, by the owner! Most of the land in this area (belong) to his family for about five hundred years. Apparently, the land (give) to them after one of his ancestors (kill) while trying to save the king`s life. Quite romantic, isn`t it? The castle itself was a little bit disappointing, to be absolutely honest. The owner told us that it (suffer) serious damage during a fire about thirty years ago. When it (restore) they (add) central heating and things like that. So once you`re inside it (not/feel) much different to any other large, old house. But the owner is real character. He told us lots of stories about things that (happen) to him when he was young. He (send) abroad to work in a bank, but he hated it, so he (behave) very badly in order to (sack). He kept us laughing for hours. I hope he (invite) here before we leave.

I`ll have lots more to tell you when we get back. Take care.

Yours affectionately,

Maria