anglysky_dlya_gornykh_inzhenerov

ПРЕФИКСЫ АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА, НЕ ИМЕЮЩИЕ СООТВЕТСТВИЙ В РУССКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ

Префиксы	Значение префикса	Примеры
английского
языка

1

а- [э]

Ье- [Ы]

en- [in] fore- [Гэ:] out- [aut]

over- [ouva]

semiunder-

[лпйэ]

2

Наречия, предло ги, COOT - ветствующие русским в, к, у, на и др.

1)кругом, вокруг (соответсгвует рус. о-);

2)в соч етании с сущ. и прил. образует глаго л с соответствующим

значением; 3) образует нар ечия, предло ги, союзы

Образует глаго лы о т существительных и прилагательных

Часто соответствует русскому пред- Часто соответствует

русскому пере- (иногда

вне, за)

сверх, над, чрезмерно,

пере-

полу-, наполовину ниже, под-,

недостаточно (антоним — over)

3

long — along длинный — вдоль round — around круг — вокруг

shore — ashore берег — к берегу, на берегу

1) to beset окружить, обложить 2)

lit t le — b elitt le маленький — уменьшать, умалять cloud — becloud туча — заво лакивать,

по крывать тучами becaus e — так как, по том у ч то (cause — причина) before — перед, до

danger — endanger опасность — подвергать опасности rich — enrich богатый — обогащать

foremost — передовой foresee —

предвидеть foretell — предсказать outside — снаружи outlive —

пережить outcrop — выходить на поверхность

overload — перегружать, чрезмерно загружать overall —

полный, общий

semiautomat ical — полуавтомати-

ческий semicircle — полукруг underground — подземный, под-

почвенный underlay — подстилать, залегать ниже

262

СВОДНЫЕ ТАБЛИЦЫ СПРЯЖЕНИЯ ГЛАГОЛОВ

ДЕЙСТВИТЕЛЬНЫЙ ЗАЛОГ

Фор мы глагола: to ask — askerf — askerf — taking

Простое		Длительное		Перфектное		Перфекгно-
(Неопреде -		to be asking		to have asked		длительное
ленное)
						to have been asking
to ask
1				3		4
I ask		I am asking		I have asked		I Ьате been asking
H*	)	He	Ч	Не	Ч	Не	ч	Sh e		| h as
Sh e	jas ks	Sh e j^		Sh e j j -^		b een as kf a*
We	ч	We	ч	We	ч	We	ч	You		I have
You	1 as k	You Iй?		You I have		been asking			They j
They )		They) •*"•		They j »*«*«!		Has she been asking?
Does he ask...?		Is he asking?		Has he asked?		Yes, she has. Hare they
Do you ask...?		Yes, he is.		Yes, he has.		been asking?				No , th ey
		Are you asking?		Hare you asked?		haven't .
		Yes, I am.		No, I h aven't .
Не/she does		Не/she is not		Не/she hasn't		Не/she hasn't been
not (doesn't)		(Isn't) asking		asked		asking
ask
You do not		We aren't		We haven't		They haven't been asking
(don't ) as k		asking		asked
				PAST
I	)	\	\	I	\	I	\	He		She It
He	> as ked	He	I was	He		/ had been as king
She	1	She	I asking	She	I bad	We	You	'	They
It		It	'	It	/ as ked
We	\	We	)	We
You	( as ked	You	> were	You	'
They '		They) as king		They
DM he ask?		Was he asking?		Had he asked?		Had she been asking?
Yes, he did.		Were they
		asking?
He d idn't ask		You weren't		He hadn't asked		She hadn't been asktag
		asking

263

Продолжение таблицы^

	1		2		3		4
				FUTURE
I	\snall/wUl	I \shall/ will		I	\ shall/will	I	\ shall/win пате
We Jas k		Wejb e as king		We / Ьате asked		We	J been as kh if
He	\	He	v	He	\	He	\ She	It
She		She		She		win have been		/
It	... .	It	will be	It	will have	asking
wm * * * .-		..	/ asking	asked		You	They /
You		You		You
They/		They/		They /
Shall I ask?		Shall I be		Shall I Ьате		Shall I have been
WDl you ask?		asking?		asked?		asking?
		WDI you be
		asking?
I shall/will not		I shan't/won't		I shan't/won't		I shan't/won't Ъате
(shan't/won't)		bf asking		bane asked		been asking
He will not		He won't be		He won't hare		She won't hare
(won't) ask		asking		asked		been	asking
			FUTUR	E-IN-THE-PAST

	I/we would/	I/we would/
	should ask	should be
	Z\-m	asking
		Si-"
	а;/"*
		зд—
	Would/Should	Would/Should
	I ask?	I be asking?
	Would he ask?	Would he be
		asking?
	He wouldn't	He wouldn't be
	ask	Ьате asking

	I/we would/	I/ we would/shook!
	should have	Ьате been asking
	asked	Г )-"-
	Г1— •
		s;)—
	г,)—
	Would/Should	Would/Should I Ьате
	I Ьате asked?	been asking? Would
	Would he Ьате	she Ьате been
	asking?	asked?
	He wouldn't	She wouldn't Ьате been
	asked	asking

264

СТРАДАТЕЛЬНЫЙ ЗАЛОГ

Образование: to be в соответствующем врем еня + III форм » основного глагола (причастие II)

		PRESENT
Indefin ite		Continuous	Perfect
am, to , « re	+ III	u rn, is, ire being	h ave/has been + III
форма глаго ла		+ III форма глаго ла	форма глаго ла
I ш Invited		I ш teli| Invited	I have been Invited
He (she, it)		He (she, it)	He (she, it)	bai
Is invited		Is being Invited	been Invite d	We
We (you, they)		We (you, they)	(you, they)	hive
are Invited		are being Invited	been Invited
		PAST
Indefin ite		Continuous	Perfect
was, were	+ III	was, were being	bad been	+ HI
форма глаго ла		+ III форма глаго ла	форма глаго ла
I (h e, she, it )		I (he, she, it )	I (he, she, it )
was invited		was being Inv ited	had been Inv ited
We (you, they)		We (you, they)	We (you, they)
were Invited		were being Invited	had been Invited
		FUTURE
Indefinite		Continuous	Perfect
win (shall) be, wffl be			shall (will) ha ve been
+ III форма глагола		oitec mo	+ щ форма глагола
--------------------------		отсутствующе й	---------------------------
I (we) wffl (shall)		формы употребляется	I (we) wffl (shall)
be Invited		Future Indefinite	ha ve been Invited He
He (she, it, you, they)			(she, it, you, they)
wffl be Invited			wffl have been Invited

265

________СПИСОК НЕПРАВИЛЬНЫХ ГЛАГОЛОВ

неопреде-	прошедшее	причастие	исновные значения
леиная	время	прошедшего
форыа		времени

1	2	3
be	was/were	been		быть,	нахо диться
become	became	become		стано виться			начинать
begin	began	begun		сгибать	связывать
bend	bent	bent		ломать;	разбивать
bind	bound	bound		приносить		строить
break	broke	broken		жечь; гореть поку пать
bring	brought	brought		схватить, поймать
build	built	built		выбирать		рассечь,
burn	burnt	burnt		трескаться		прихо дить,
buy	bought	bought		приезжать		сто ить
catch	caught	caught		резать	иметь дело
choose	chose	chosen		копать	делать
cleave	clove (cleft)	cloven (cleft )		тяну ть; выво дить
come	came	come		(заключение)			пить
cost	cost	cost		приводить в движение,
cut	cut	cut		вести машину			есть,
deal	dealt	dealt		съесть	падать
dig	dug	dug		бороться, сражаться
do	did	done		нахо дить		забывать
draw	drew	drawn		замерзать		по лучать
drin k	drank	drunk		давать идти моло ть,
drive	drove	driven		измельчать			расти
eat	ate	eaten		висеть; повесить иметь
fall	fell	fallen		слышать		дер жать,
Tight	fought	fought		проводить
find	found	found		(конференцию)
forget	forgot	forgotten		держать		знать
freeze	fro ze	fro zen	"	класть; положить
get	got	got
give	gave	given
go	went	gone
grind	ground	ground
grow	grew	grown
hang	hung (hanged)	hung (hanged)
have	had	had
hear	heard	heard
hold	held	held
keep	kept	kept
know	knew	known
lay	laid	laid

266

1		2		•	4
lead		led		Ш	ру ково дить
leave	left			Ml	оставлять, покидат
lie	lay			•••	лежать	тер ять			делать
lose	lost			вш	(руками), изготавливать
make	made			Mflfc	подразумевать;				означать
mean	meant			•••	•• встреч ать		платить
meet	met			ряв>	класть, по ло жить
pay	paid.			pa	читать	вставать,
put	put			яяЛ	подниматься
read	read			•••	двигаться; управлять
rise	rose			••	говорить, сказать
run	ran			тШ	видеть	про давать
say	said			•§ •	посылать		трясти,
see	saw			яМ	встр яхивать			сиять,
sell	sold			••	сверкать		стрелять
send	sent			жШвт	показывать			закр ывать
shake	shook			*Ънг	петь опускать; тону ть
shine	shone			4вв*	сидеть	спать			пахну ть
shoot	shot			*ивщ	говорить,		разговаривать
show	showed		,	ЛШ	тратить		раскалываться
shut	shut		!	•••	стоять у дарять, б ить
sing	sang			тЛ	плавать		брать		учить
sink	sank			••	сказать (ко му -л .),
sit	sat			йвв^:	рассказывать			думать
sleep	slept		1	янвШ	б ро сать, кидать
smell	smelt			щЛЬт	подвергаться			о о шмать
speak	spoke			чввш	вюсить (об одежде)
spend	spent			Щ/ Ш	ивкать
split	split			ляяЛ
stand	stood			Я ШМ
strike	stiuck			•••*
swim	swam			Мнв
take	took			w^ff
teach	taught		I	MM
tell	told		\	А«р§
thin k	thought			••••
t h ro w	t h rew			•^••BJPBV
undergo	' .	undetwM		ш^вЯ Нв!
und erstand	i	u nd eotM *		*••
wear	j	wo re		••••
writ e		wrote

>

267

УКАЗАТЕЛЬ СЛОВ

		Cc
	IDA	call for carry
	ЗБ 5A	out cause
	4Б	caving certain
	8A	change charcoal
Аа	6A	choice choose
	2A	chute clay
ability abroad	2A	clearing
abyssal accept	7Б	cleavage cleave
access	5A	collect colliery
accumulate	2Б	combustion
accuracy	8Б	commit
accurate adit	8Б	commodity
adjacent	7A	common
advance	9A	compare	1A1A
advantage	10A	compete	4A	8Б
advantageous	10A	competition	7A	1Б
aerial affect	6A	competitive	6A	10A
allocate	7Б 1A	compose	ЗА 8A
allocation	'7Б	composition	4A	9A
ancient angle	2A	comprehensive	5Б 5Б
appear	5A	comprise	ЗА 1A
approximate	6A	concentrate	6Б 10Б
archive ash	10Б	concentration	10Б 5A
associate	10Б	concern	8A	10Б
assume	2A	confine confirm	10Б 10Б
assumption	ЗБ	conform	1Б 1Б
attend	9Б	confront	2A	1Б
authority	5Б 1A	connect consider	1A1A
Bb	1A5A	considerable	2A	10Б
	6Б	consideration	ЗБ 10Б
backhoe band	7Б	consolidate	10A1Б
bed bedded	9Б	constituent	2А.ЗБ
belt bench bit	9Б	consume	2A2A
blast blasting	6Б	consumer	4A	5Б
blend body	SA7Б	consumption	10A
borehole	9A	contain	10A
break	9A	continuity	10A 4Б
breakage bum	6A	contract	6Б 4Б

contribute contribution convenient

cool cost crack crop crosscut cross-section

crude crush crust

Dd

dangerous
deal decay	ЗБ, 8А
define deliver
demand	8A 6A
department	5A 7A,
deplete	10A 4Б
depletion	7A 7Б
deposit derive	8A	6A
describe	9Б
descriptive	ЗБ.4А
design destroy	ЗА	1Б
detailed	4A 5Б
determine	8Б	1Б,
develop	10A 2A
development	10Б 10Б
differ	ЗА 4A
difference	ЗА ЗА
different	1Б	4A
differentiate	ЗБ	1Б
dig digger	8А 8А
dimension	2Б 2Б
dip direct	2Б 10Б
directly '	7А 7А
disappear	SA	7Б
dissolve	1А1A
dissolvent	2A	4A
distribute	4A 5Б
disturb	SB

268

	divide domestic		7A
	draw dredging		6Б
	drift drill drilling		ЗА
	drive dum p		7A
	dumping dyke		8A
	Ее		7A
			7A
	earth-m ove r
			8A
	educa tion e lect
			9A
	embrace emerge		9A
	emergence		5A
	employ	2A,	9Б
	employme nt		1A
	enable		ЗБ
	engineering
			ЗБ
	ensure ente rprise		10Б
	1Б, entire		10Б
	entre prene ur
			10A
	entry		2A
	environment	1Б,	IDA
	establis h es tima te		1Б
	evaluate		8A
	evalua tion		10A
	evidence
			ЗБ
	excavate		10A
	excavation		8Б
	excava tor excess
			9A
	exist expand		1A
	expa nsion expect		6Б
	experience		10A
	explode exploit		10A
	exploration		6A
	exploratory
			2Б
	explore expose		2Б
	exposure		9Б

5Б

ЗБ

4Б

4Б

7A

2Б

9A

7Б

7A

7A

7A

4A

4A

	extend externa l	1Б	gravity	8Б
	extrus ion	4A 5A	Hh	9A 4Б
	extrusive	4A
			handle hard	4Б 1Б
	Ff	8A ЗА		ЗА ЗА
		ЗА, 10В	hardly
	face facilitate			8Б 8Б
		6Б 1A	hardware harm	9A 6A
	facility (-ies)	1Б 1Б	hanjiful haul	9A 10Б
	fault ferrous	5A ЗА	haulage he a p	1Б 9A
	metals field	4Б 5Б	heat hoist	6A
	find fine fire		house hold
		6Б 8A		4A 10Б
	dam p fissure
		5A 5Б	hydraulic	8A
	flaky flame	6Б 6Б	hydraulic king	5A.8A
	floor flow		hypabyssal
		5Б 5A		7A 6Б
	fluid fold
		ЗБ ЗБ	I'	6Б 4Б
	folding foliate
		6A 2Б	igneous imply	6Б 4A
	force foreign
		2Б 4Б	inc lina tion	1Б 6A
	forme r fossil
		5A 4Б	inclined	4A ЗБ
	found
		9A 2A	indicate	1A
	foundation
		7A 8Б	inflame	ЗА ЗБ
	fracture
		4A 5A	inflammable	4Б 4А
	fragmentary
		5A 5A	influence	7А 8А
	freeze friable
		10A 8A	intermedia te	2А, 9А
	fundamental
		9Б 4Б	internal	6Б 4А
	Gg
		1Б 4A	introduction	4А 4А
	galena giant	4A	intrus ion
	glac ie r glass		intrusive
	glassy gold		investigate iron
	goods govern		J j
	grab		just justly
	gra dua l(ly)
			LI
	graduate grain
	gravel		lateral layer
			lead level
			levelling liable

like lime limes tone

269

Приложение					284
liquid	6A	particle	4A	removal	8A
load	9A	parting	6Б	remove	8A
loade r	9A	pay	10A	represent	4A
longwall	8Б	payable	10A	require	2A
look for	7A	payment	10Б	research	1A
loose	4A	payout	10Б	resist	4Б
lorry	9A	peat	4A	resistance	4Б
lose	8Б	penetrate	4Б	resistant	4Б
loss	8Б	permit	5A	result	9Б
lustre	6Б	phenomenon	4Б	reveal	1Б
lustrous	6Б	pillar	8Б	rib	8A
Mm		pit	7Б	rig	7Б
	4A	plane	6Б	rock	1Б.4А
make up		plate	5Б	roof	8A
malleable	7A	plough	9Б	room	8Б
manage	2Б	power-shovel	9Б	run	5Б
management	1Б	predominate	8Б	Q
manufacture	6A	preliminary	2Б	OS
marble	5Б	present v	2A	safe	ЗА
matt er	6Б	presentation	2A	safety	ЗА
mean	2Б	pressure	4Б, 5Б	sample	7Б
meaning	2Б	probably	5A	sand	4A
means	2Б	process	1A, 10Б	sandstone	4A
measure	7Б	processing	10Б	satisfy	8Б
mention	5Б	prominent	ЗБ	scarce	10A
metalliferous	2Б	property	1Б	scarcity	10A
mica	5A	protect	8Б	schist	4A
moisture	6Б	protection	1Б	schistose	4A
mudstone	6A	prove	7A	seam	ЗА
		proving	7A	search	7A
Nn	8Б	proximity	2A	section	7Б
notwithstanding		purpose	6A	secure	10A
number	2A	pursue	10Б	security	10A
Oo		Rr		sediment	4A
	2A			sedimentary	4A
observe		range	1Б.9Б	sedimentation	4A
obtain	2A	rank	6Б	sequence	7Б, 8Б
occu r	4Б	rapid	1A	shaft	8A
occurrence	4Б	rate	4Б, 9Б	shale	4A, 6A
offer	1Б	reach	8Б	shallow	5A
opencast (mines)	1A	realize	2Б	shape	1Б
opening	7A	recognize	2Б	sheet	5Б
openpit	1Б	recreation	1Б	shield	8Б
op en up	7A	refer (to)	4Б	significance	ЗБ
overburden	7Б	regular	6Б	significant	ЗБ
		regularity	ЗБ, 6Б	sill	5A
^} gb		relate	ЗА, 5Б	sillstone	4A
f U	7A	relation	5Б	similar	6Б
panning		relationship	5Б	sink	7Б
participate	10Б	reliable	7Б	size	4Б
participation	10Б	remote	9Б	skill	1Б

270

slate	SB	successful	ЗА	use	бБ
slope	7Б, 9Б	succession	4Б	utilize	6Б
smelt	6Б	such as	2Б
society	ЗБ	supply	10A	V v
software	1Б	support	9Б	valuable	4A
soluble	4Б			value	ш 4 A
solution	4Б	Tt		vari able	4A
solvent	4Б	ta bular	8A	various	ЗБ, 4А
sPllt	ЗБ	technique	1A	vary	4A
staff	ЗБ	thickness	4A, 6Б	vein	5A
stat e	3 A	thus	1Б	volatile	6Б
stee p	7Б	lra c e	5Б
«ock	5A	ti ade	10A	W w
store	6Б .7А	t rai n	3A	waste	8Д
stowing	8Б	traversing	2A	weathering	4Б
«tola	6Б	tre nch	7Б	wen	8A
stratification	4A			™ !	, *
stratify	4A	U U		Й out	2Б
!• •	к СЕ	undergo	4Б	workable	7A
stripping	2Б, 5Б	l M fo rm	4 Б 6 Б	w o rks ho p	1Б
substance	4A	uni fo rmity	6Б
success	ЗА

ОТВЕТЫ НА КРОССВОР ДЫ

К уроку 3.

1. Skochinsky; 2. Terpigorev; 3. Lomonosov; 4. Saukov; 5. Vemadsky; 6. Pro todyakonov; 7. G ubkin; 8. Fersman; 9. How itt; 10. Boky; 11. Obruchev; 12. Melnikov;

13. Berg; 14. Karpinsky; IS. Shevyakov.

К уроку 4.
По г оризонт али: igneous		(us ), weathe ring	(wea ther, ring,			in,	her), excess ,
dis turb, hard, re lic,	ca use , use,	vary, pa rtic le (s )	(part, art,		artic le),		c ons olidate
(c ons ol, lid, da te , a te, a t, on, s olid)
По вертик али:	incline, inc lined (line), decay,			grave l (rave — говорить				бес-
с вя зн о, бре ди ть ),	da y, ve in, e xpose (pose), se t,			pres sure	(pres s,		s ure ),	trace
(race, ace — очко, ас), shale (hale — крепкий, здоровый),					pub,	rail (a il — бес-
п окои ть , п ри чин я ть боль );		pe ne tra te (pe n,	ra te , ra t, a te ),			frac ture (ac t),
fiss ure , lime, uniform , form (or), m ica , cas t, s ilts tone , s tone					(tone , ton)

К уроку б.

По горизонтали: amount, is, sediment(ary), gas, (un)burnt, belt, rocks, ore,

e vide nce , as h, s hive r,	thic k(nes s ), dime , dim e ns ion, me n, c harc oa l, c oa l,
accumulate
По ве рт ик али: as h, sha llow ,		dig,	me tam orphic,	ice,	odd,	a im, igneous ,
intrus ive , s tone , ton,	one , s o,	m a tte r, fra gme n t(a ry),			ta r,	pyrite , fa ult,
inte rme dia te , in, te rm , me dia , a t, a te
Кур окуЮ.
П о г ориз онт али :	price , tra de(r),		good(s ), a le ,	sa le ,	c ons um ption, a d,

bus ines s, dis (tribute ), ec onom ic s, m one y, ta r, ge t, ta rge t, a dd, de fine , de pos it По верт ик али : car, arc , city, odd, dema nd, man, reap, te n, ma rk, marke t,

im (port), se (cure), inves tment

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