Задание n 32 Кейс-задания: Подзадача 4

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания. Criminal Procedure 1. Criminal procedure, also called the criminal process, is the mechanism through which crimes are investigated, the guilt of criminals adjudicated, and punishment imposed. Criminal procedure makes the criminal law work. Criminal law defines what conduct is criminal and prescribes the punishment for criminal conduct. Criminal procedure aims to make sure that criminal sanctions are applied only to those who are guilty, and only through procedures that are recognized as fair. One goal of the criminal process is to punish the guilty, but other goals are to protect the innocent and to ensure that even the guilty are protected from abuse by the government. 2. The stages in criminal procedure are investigating, prosecuting, trying, deciding guilt, sentencing and carrying out the sentence. Different bodies can be given one of these jobs. For example, the police can be in charge of investigating the crime; a prosecution service of prosecuting; the judges of presiding over the trial; a jury of deciding whether to convict; an appeal court of settling whether the trial was fair; a prison service of carrying out the sentence if the suspect is convicted and sentenced to prison. 3. No one authority (police, prosecution, judge, jury, prison service) should have too much power. State powers should be sliced up, and the slices should be able to keep a check on one another. The police will not be able to prosecute unless they can persuade the prosecution service that there is a strong case. The judge will if necessary rule at the trial that the prosecution has not produced enough evidence. If the jury think the judge has shown bias during the trial they will probably acquit the suspect even though they might otherwise convicted him. If the suspect is convicted but thinks the procedure has been unfair he can persuade the government to advise the head of state to pardon him. Определите основную идею текста.

The objectives of criminal procedure are to convict the guilty and acquit the innocent, and to punish suitably those found guilty.

Criminal punishment of persons who have committed crimes is known to be one of the forms of state fight against crime.

The mechanism of criminal procedure includes the police, prosecutor, defense attorneys, and courts, and legal rules that govern them.

The separation of powers that is observed in criminal procedure helps the authorities to keep a check on one another.

Вариант 3

ЗАДАНИЕ N 1 Тема: Учебная лексика

If you need to ________ teacher’s attention, just put your hand up.

attract

affect

achieve

divert

Решение: Для того чтобы правильно выполнить задание, следует знать учебную лексику, уметь использовать ее в заданном контексте и перевести варианты ответов: attract – привлекать (внимание), притягивать; affect – влиять; achieve – достигать, добиваться; divert – отвлекать. Согласно контексту, только вариант ответа attract является правильным: «Если Вы хотите привлечь внимание учителя, просто поднимите руку».

ЗАДАНИЕ N 2 Тема: Деловая лексика

On looking through the report I see that your ______ are way over your budget.

expenses

prices

advertisements

services

ЗАДАНИЕ N 3 Тема: Профессиональная лексика

A trial is a legal process in which a ______ examines a case to decide whether someone is guilty of a crime.

			court of law
			college of advocates
			legal aid office
			legislative board

Решение: Чтобы правильно выполнить задание, следует знать профессиональную лексику и перевести варианты ответов: court of law – суд; college of advocates – коллегия адвокатов; legal aid office – юридическая консультация; legislative board – законодательный комитет. Согласно контексту, только вариант ответа court of law является правильным: «Судебное разбирательство – это юридический процесс, во время которого суд рассматривает дело и решает, виновен ли кто-нибудь в преступлении».

ЗАДАНИЕ N 4 Тема: Термины (Дефиниции)

A proceeding before a court or other decision-making body or officer, usually shorter and often less formal than a trial is …

hearing

motion

investigation

detection

ЗАДАНИЕ N 5 Тема: Словообразование

We all watched __________ as Mark made his speech of thanks.

nervously

nervous

nervy

nerveless

ЗАДАНИЕ N 6 Тема: Местоимения

She gave him _______ water to wash his hands and face.

a little

many

few

a few

Решение: Чтобы правильно выполнить задание, следует знать неопределенные местоимения и правильно перевести варианты ответов: a little − немного (употребляется с неисчисляемыми существительными); many − много (употребляется с исчисляемыми существительными); few − мало (употребляется с исчисляемыми существительными); a few − несколько (употребляется с исчисляемыми существительными). Согласно контексту и правилу грамматики, только вариант a little является правильным: «Она дала ему немного воды, чтобы вымыть руки и лицо».