Вариант 2

I. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием –s-, и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно :

а) показателем 3-его лица единственного числа глагола в Present Simple;

б) признаком множественного числа имени существительного;

в) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного.

1. He spends all his money on books.

2. Our lecturer’s book on strength of materials is well-known and popular.

3. The important feature of our education is that it combines theory with practical training.

4. Before Faraday’s inventions the only source of electricity was the galvanic battery.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, учитывая особенности перевода на русский язык определений, выраженных именем существительным.

1. This research instrument is used for accelerating particles.

2. The space flight of Gagarin caused a sensation throughout the world.

3. A Japanese company is planning to install several more electronic devices on the car instrument panel.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения, и переведите их на русский язык.

1. You should practice more often if you want to improve your language.

2. This exercise is easier than the next one.

3. The most environmentally-friendly way of solving traffic problems is to use more widely public transportation.

4. The more attention you pay to your children’s education, the better results they achieve.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая особое внимание на перевод неопределенных местоимений.

1. There are no students in the library.

2. Some institutes of technology are reorganized into universities.

3. Do you need any books to prepare for your report?

4. People no longer think of radio and television as something fantastic.

V. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык. В разделе (В) обратите внимание на особенности перевода пассивных конструкций.

A) 1. The brain controls your body and keeps all parts of your body working together.

2. When I awoke this morning it was so late that the sun was shining high in the sky.

3. And now the trade of this town is developing with extreme rapidity and the ambition of the inhabitants is growing along with it.

4. She will have dinner here if she comes tomorrow.

B) 1. When centers receive messages, the brain interprets them.

2. Considerable damage was caused by the fire.

3. A new highway is being built between Germany and the Netherlands.

VI. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните Participle I, Participle II и установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. My room is in a mess: I really must get it tidied up.

2. Scientists are experimenting with a system allowing drivers to see better after dark.

3. When answering your question yesterday I forgot this fact.

4. The attention paid to the study of fundamental subjects is great.

VII. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. We must protect the clean water that remains for the sake of our children and grandchildren.

2. Fire may be started by rubbing together two sticks of wood.

3. If you are traveling by air, you mustn’t carry anything in your luggage that could be used as a weapon, such as a knife or a pair of scissors.

4. Jack has already cleaned his bicycle so he won’t have to do it tomorrow.

5. Before Newton no one could explain why the planets moved around the Sun.

6. An optional disk can store about 1 000 times more information than a plastic disk of the same size.

VIII. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык.

SCOTLAND

Today Scotland is part of the United Kingdom and is governed from London. There is a special minister in the Government, the Secretary of State for Scotland, who is responsible for education, local government and other important matters in Scotland. Although the legal education and banking systems are slightly different from those in England, life is very similar to the rest of the United Kingdom.

Comprising an area of some 30 000 square miles Scotland has a population of just over five million people of whom about one third live in the cities of Edinburgh, Glasgow, Aberdeen and Dundee. All the inhabitants speak English although about 100 000 still speak Scottish Gaelic. Many of the Scottish accents are very strong and visitors from abroad sometimes have difficulties in understanding them.

Scotland is a very mountainous country; three-fourth of its area is occupied by mountains with a great amount of moorland, in which few people live. Scotland is famous for its beautiful lakes with mountains round them.

Scottish steel has long been used chiefly by the heavy industries of Glasgow area, where shipbuilding has been paramount.

People who live in Scotland are Scots. They are also called Scottish or Scotsmen. Scotsmen will be rather annoyed if you call them Englishmen. Every Scotsman belongs to a clan. A clan is a family group: all the people of the same family belong to the same clan. There are about 300 different clans in Scotland. A Scotsman’s traditional clothes are socks, shoes, a kilt, a tie, a jacket and a bonnet. Some people in the north of Scotland wear a kilt every day. But in other parts of the country most Scottish people wear just the same clothes as the English. Scottish people like to dance very much. Glasgow has more dancing schools than any other European city.

The Scottish people have a reputation according to which they are the stingiest people in on earth. This is not true, of course, as anyone who visited Scotland will tell you. The Scottish people are very clever and simple, and they also have a natural sense of humor.