The Handbook of

Pragmatics

Edited by

Laurence R. Horn and

Gregory Ward

The Handbook of

Pragmatics

Edited by

Laurence R. Horn and

Gregory Ward

Contents

List of Contributors		viii
Introduction		xi
I The Domain of Pragmatics		1
1.	Implicature	3
	LAURENCE R. HORN
2.	Presupposition	29
	JAY DAVID ATLAS
3.	Speech Acts	53
	JERROLD SADOCK
4.	Reference	74
	GREGORY CARLSON
5.	Deixis	97
	STEPHEN C. LEVINSON
6.	Definiteness and Indefiniteness	122
	BARBARA ABBOTT
II Pragmatics and Discourse Structure		151
7.	Information Structure and Non-canonical Syntax	153
	GREGORY WARD and BETTY BIRNER
8.	Topic and Focus	175
	JEANETTE K. GUNDEL and THORSTEIN FRETHEIM
9.	Context in Dynamic Interpretation	197
	CRAIGE ROBERTS

vi	Contents
10.	Discourse Markers	221
	DIANE BLAKEMORE
11.	Discourse Coherence	241
	ANDREW KEHLER
12.	The Pragmatics of Non-sentences	266
	ROBERT J. STAINTON
13.	Anaphora and the Pragmatics–Syntax Interface	288
	YAN HUANG
14.	Empathy and Direct Discourse Perspectives	315
	SUSUMU KUNO
15.	The Pragmatics of Deferred Interpretation	344
	GEOFFREY NUNBERG
16.	Pragmatics of Language Performance	365
	HERBERT H. CLARK
17.	Constraints on Ellipsis and Event Reference	383
	ANDREW KEHLER and GREGORY WARD
III	Pragmatics and its Interfaces	405
18.	Some Interactions of Pragmatics and Grammar	407
	GEORGIA M. GREEN
19.	Pragmatics and Argument Structure	427
	ADELE E. GOLDBERG
20.	Pragmatics and Semantics	442
	FRANÇOIS RECANATI
21.	Pragmatics and the Philosophy of Language	463
	KENT BACH
22.	Pragmatics and the Lexicon	488
	REINHARD BLUTNER
23.	Pragmatics and Intonation	515
	JULIA HIRSCHBERG
24.	Historical Pragmatics	538
	ELIZABETH CLOSS TRAUGOTT
25.	Pragmatics and Language Acquisition	562
	EVE V. CLARK
26.	Pragmatics and Computational Linguistics	578
	DANIEL JURAFSKY

	Contents	vii
IV	Pragmatics and Cognition	605
27.	Relevance Theory	607
	DEIRDRE WILSON and DAN SPERBER
28.	Relevance Theory and the Saying/Implicating Distinction	633
	ROBYN CARSTON
29.	Pragmatics and Cognitive Linguistics	657
	GILLES FAUCONNIER
30.	Pragmatic Aspects of Grammatical Constructions	675
	PAUL KAY
31.	The Pragmatics of Polarity	701
	MICHAEL ISRAEL
32.	Abduction in Natural Language Understanding	724
	JERRY R. HOBBS
Bibliography		742
Index		820

Contributors

Barbara Abbott Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan

Jay David Atlas Pomona College, Claremont, California

Kent Bach San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California

Betty Birner Northern Illinois University De Kalb, Illinois

Diane Blakemore University of Salford, Salford, UK

Reinhard Blutner Humboldt University, Berlin Germany

Gregory Carlson University of Rochester, Rochester, New York

Robyn Carston University College, London, UK

Eve V. Clark Stanford University, Stanford, California

Herbert H. Clark Stanford University, Stanford, California

Gilles Fauconnier University of California, San Diego, California

Thorstein Fretheim Norwegian University of Science and Technology,

Trondheim, Norway

Adele E. Goldberg Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey

Georgia M. Green University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois

Jeanette K. Gundel University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota

Julia Hirschberg Columbia University, New York

Jerry R. Hobbs Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California

Laurence R. Horn Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut

Yan Huang University of Reading, Reading, UK

Contributors ix

Michael Israel University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland

Daniel Jurafsky Stanford University, Stanford, California

Paul Kay University of California, Berkeley, California

Andrew Kehler University of California, San Diego, California

Susumu Kuno Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts

Stephen C. Levinson Max-Planck Institute, Nijmegen, the Netherlands

Geoffrey Nunberg Stanford University, Stanford, California

François Recanati Institut Jean Nicod (CNRS), Paris, France

Craige Roberts Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio

Jerrold Sadock University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois

Dan Sperber CREA, Paris, France

Robert J. Stainton University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario

Elizabeth Closs Traugott Stanford University, Stanford, California

Gregory Ward Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois

Deirdre Wilson University College, London, UK