Later work

Zworykin's s group continued to improve the inconoscope and it was RCA that produced subsequent tubes: the image inconoscope, the orthicon, the image orthicon and the vidicon.

Zworykin's own interests developed widely. His laboratory produced the first commercial electron microscope for industry (1941). During World War 11 he directed work on aircraft fire control, tv-guided missiles, a sniperscope and radar. Alter the war he worked on high - speed electronic memories and later took a great interest in medical electronics.

Dr Zworykin retired from RCA on 1^st August 1954 but it was a nominal retirement. He kept an office there, became Honorary Vice President and also became a director of the Rockefeller Institute Medical center in New York. As late as 1981 (when he was 90 years old) one writer reported "he still goes to work every morning on his latest project". He continued to read scientific journals and enjoyed swimming every day if the weather permitted.

Amongst the 27 major honors he received were the IEE Faraday Medal (1965) and the American National Medal of Science (1966). In 1959 he was an honored guest in Moscow at the first post - Cold War cultural and scientific exchange between the USA and the USSR, organized by Eisenhower and Khrushchev.

He was described as a gregarious individual with a mischievous twinkle in his eyes. Apparently he enjoyed telling jovial anecdotes about himself, including the tale of how on the voyage which took him to America in 1919 he took all his meals alone in his cabin. Dinner jackets were the rule in the dining room and he did not have one.

He held a low opinion of many modern television programs, believing the tv have a bad influence on viewers, especially children. His preference was for cultural and educational material rather then "mindless mayhem".

Vladimir Zworykin was survived by Katherine, his wife of 30 years, a daughter and seven grandchildren.

Joseph Henry (1797-1875): Actor turned engineer and scientist

Задание I. Следующие слова Вам нужно выучить наизусть, это поможет Вам понять текст.

1. Silversmith – серебряных дел мастер;

2. apprentice – ученик подмастерья;

3. enthrall – увлекать;

4. humble – робкий, застенчивый;

5. refuse – отказываться;

6. prefer – преподчитать;

7. for the benefit – ради успеха, на благо;

8. approach – подход;

9. influence – влияние;

10. hail – провозглашать;

11. to be proud of – гордится;

12. impoverish – разорять;

13. to offer – предлагать;

14. leisure time – свободное время;

15. to blossom – расцветать;

16. inspire – вдохновлять;

17. confine – ограничивать;

18. to gain – получать;

19. to contend with – ограничивать, бороться с;

20. impedance – сопротивление.

Задание II. В прочитанном тексте найдите информацию и расскажите по-английски.

1. Расскажите о происхождении Дж. Генри, его детских увлечениях.

2. Какой проект может характеризовать Генри, как инженера?

3. Как Генри усовершенствовал электромагнит?

4. Опишите устройство электромагнитного телеграфа, предложенного Генри.

Задание III. Будьте готовы перевести любое предложение в тексте, если преподаватель попросит Вас об этом.

TEXT

Too dull to make a silversmith: that was the verdict supposedly given on the young Joseph Henry. Henry had been apprenticed at the age of 14 to a watchmaker and silversmith; and though it never enthralled him, the two years of training came in useful later when he started to make his own scientific equipment.

From humble beginnings Joseph Henry became the leading figure in American science, and a benevolent figure, too. He refused to patent his work, preferring that it be available for the benefit of all. In his late forties, with his scientific reputation impregnable, he became the first Secretary (i.e. chief administrator) of the new Smithsonian Institution in Washington, DC. There he used his influence to consolidate in America the professional approach to scientific research.

But it is not however for Henry's administrative abilities that we remem­ber him. The unit of inductance now bears his name; but also named after him was a town, Port Henry. He made large contributions to electromagnetic science and engineering: the joint discovery of electromagnetic induction and self-induction, the manufacture of industrial electromagnetics, and the construction of what might be called the first electric bell, hailed by some as the first electromagnetic telegraph.