48. Get an overview of the political parties in the uk

1) Labour party Would not relinquish Britain's power over Britain's criminal justice system Committed to improving the EU's effectiveness to fight crime support a proper framework for police forces to work together across borders Consult on lowering the sentence threshold for EU migrants who commit crimes having only recently arrived in the UK, so that, for example, a migrant who committed common assault or robbery within a few months of arriving would be automatically considered for deportation Support a law which seeks to clamp down on cross-border money laundering

2) Liberal Democrats Press for a European Union (EU) missing child alert system Support measures to combat cross-border fraud corruption and tax evasion Work to secure the implementation of the European Commission's proposal on fighting money laundering Agree that an EU database of unidentified bodies should be set up Support the work of the new European Cyber Crime Centre (EC3) Want the protection of children online to be a priority for the EU Work to extend the EU's criminal record information system (ECRIS) Support further measures to ensure fair treatment and trail of Britons in other EU countries Support proportional use of the European Arrest Warrant for the arrest and conviction of suspects Support 'Eurobail' to allow British citizens who have been arrested in another EU country serve their bail back in the UK Want the UK to re-join the EU system of transfer of non-custodial sentences back to the UK Want a stronger system for ensuring that EU member states maintain high standards in the rule of law, human rights and democracy after they join the EU

3)Conservative party Scrap the Human Rights Act Curtail the role of the European Court of Human Rights in the UK and ensure that the UK's Supreme Court is in Britain Press for further practical co-operation on tackling terrorism, crime and illegal immigration Step up European co-operation against modern slavery, female genital mutilation and forced marriage If the UK opts back into the European Arrest Warrant, would make sure that:

• It is not applicable for minor crimes; that alternatives can be used where possible;

• Lengthy pre-trial detention can be avoided; and

• People are not extradited for doing things that are not illegal in the UK

Stop European measures on criminal law, asylum, immigration and border control that are not in Britain's interests - including a European Public Prosecutor's Office

49. Give short information about the prominent conservatives leaders.

Edward Heath

Heath, Sir Edward Richard George, 1916–2005, British statesman. He was elected to Parliament as a Conservative in 1950, and held several posts in the party whip's office before becoming government chief whip and parliamentary secretary to the treasury, minister of labour, and lord privy seal with foreign office responsibilities (1960–63). He was secretary of state for industry and trade and president of the Board of Trade and was elected leader of the Conservative party, then in opposition, in 1965. Heath became prime minister when the Conservatives won the 1970 general election, largely on the issue of the economy.

Margaret Thatcher, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1979–1990)/

Margaret Thatcher was the United Kingdom's first woman prime minister. She held the office of PM for 11 years. In the 1950s she trained as a lawyer and then was elected to Parliament as the member for Finchley in 1959. Her reputation as a rock-ribbed conservative grew over the next two decades, and she was named prime minister on 4 May 1979. Margaret Thatcher shored up a Conservative-led government, favored privatization rather than government expansion, led the country through the Falklands War with Argentina, and did it all with a stern no-nonsense flair that earned her the nickname "The Iron Lady."

John Major, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom 1990–1997

As Prime Minister Sir John Major oversaw Britain's longest period of continuous economic growth and the beginning of the Northern Ireland Peace Process. John Major entered politics at a young age as an active Young Conservative in Brixton and stood as a candidate for Lambeth Council aged only 21, winning the seat and becoming chairman of the Housing Committee.

David Cameron is the Conservative Party leader who was asked by Queen Elizabeth II to form a new government as prime minister after the Parliamentary elections of May 2010. The Conservative Party made an unexpectedly strong showing in the elections of 6 May 2010, and Cameron emerged as the new prime minister when Gordon Brown resigned on 11 May 2010.

50. Give short information about the Labor party

The system of political parties in the UK appeared in the 17th century. At first, there were two parties

 Tory (the party that supported the King) and Whigs (who supported the Parliament). The word "tory" means "an Irish robber". A "whig" was a Scottish preacher who could preach moralising sermons for several hours.

Now the main British political parties are:

• the Conservative Party

• the Labour Party

• the Party of Liberal Democrats

Since 1945 the British Government is constantly represented by two political parties: Conservative (who are called "Tory" by their opponents) and Labour (called "Whigs").

The Labour Party is a BritishSocial Democratic political party. Typically the Labour Party is in favour of greater investment in public services via higher taxation relative to its main political rivals.

The Labour Party was founded in 1900, and currently forms the Her Majesty's Opposition, being the largest party in the UK not in currently in government. The current leader of the Labour Party is Ed Miliband, who was elected by Labour party members on September 25th 2010, after a crushing defeat four months earlier in the UK's general election. It is a observer member of the Socialist International. The Labour Party has been the main leftwing British political party since the late 1920s. In its constitution, it describes itself as a democratic socialist party. It remains a member of the Socialist International but the policies pursued by Labour governments in office have been more social democratic than distinctively socialist. The British road to socialism, as pursued by the Labour Party, was always based on a gradualist, evolutionary approach, not a revolutionary one.

51. Give short information about Social and Liberal Democrats.

Social and Liberal Democrats leadership election, 1988

The 1988 Social and Liberal Democrats leadership election was called in the United Kingdom following the formation of the then Social and Liberal Democrats (later shortening their name to "Liberal Democrats"). It was intended to replace the two interim leaders, David Steel and Robert Maclennan, with a single figurehead better able to represent both the former members of the Liberal Party and of the Social Democratic Party.

There were two candidates and all members of the party were balloted using the Alternative Vote preference system. The election was won by Paddy Ashdown, who served as leader until his stepping down in 1999. The campaign occurred in a party which was still coping with the merger and saw a vituperative attack on Ashdown in a letter written by Alex Carlile, a Beith-supporting MP.

52.Give short information about the National Parties of UK

The party was formed at the height of the First World War, by Lord Ampthill, Sir Richard Cooper and Sir Henry Page Croft. Its members took a particularly xenophobic line on the war and were also strongly opposed to the sale of honours.

Its policies included raising the conscription age to fifty and introducing conscription to Ireland,[2] the closing of German banks and businesses in the UK, the internment of enemy aliens, a guaranteed price for home-grown cereals, protectionism for British industry and counter air-raids against German towns.

The National Party had policies to help the working class because "if you wish for a patriotic race, you must aim at a contented people, reared under healthy conditions...and with full scope for advancement". One of its slogans was "no restriction in wages in return for no restriction of output".

Occasionally, it co-operated with the National Democratic and Labour Party. It published National Opinion from 1918 until 1923.

52.

The Social Democratic Party (SDP) was a political party in the United Kingdom that was created on 26 March 1981 and existed until 1988. It was founded by four senior Labour Party 'moderates', dubbed the 'Gang of Four': Roy Jenkins, David Owen, Bill Rodgers and Shirley Williams. At the time of the SDP's creation, Owen and Rodgers were sitting Labour Members of Parliament (MPs); Jenkins had left Parliament in 1977 to serve as President of the European Commission, while Williams had lost her seat in the 1979 general election. The four left the Labour Party as a result of policy changes enacted at the January 1981 Wembley conference which committed the party to unilateral nuclear disarmament and withdrawal from the European Common Market. They also believed that Labour had become too left-wing, and had been infiltrated at constituency level by Trotskyist factions whose views and behaviour were at odds with the Parliamentary Labour Party and Labour voters.

The Democratic Labour Party is a small British left-wing political party in Walsall, sometimes known as the Walsall Democratic Labour Party. It was founded as a breakaway from the Labour Party after left-wing members were expelled in the mid-90s. Dave Church (known as "Citizen Dave"), his deputy John Rothery, and others on the left of Walsall Labour Party had supported a policy of radical decentralisation of power since the early 1980s, but the right-wing of the party had held power as Metropolitan Borough of Walsall councillors, preventing the enactment of the policies

The Democratic Labour Party was officially registered in 1999.

Joined by other local left-wingers, they helped set up their local Socialist Alliance, and stood as candidates under its banner in elections until it was disbanded.