Sport and Recreation

Interest in sports and recreations, such as basketball, darts, skiing, athletics and snooker, has increased, thanks partly to extensive coverage on television. More people participate in sport, mainly because of the increase in leisure time and facilities, greater mobility and improvements in living standards. It is estimated that 25 million people over the age of 13 regularly take part in sport or exercise. Walking, including rambling and hiking, is followed in popularity by swimming, football, golf, keep fit and yoga, athletics, angling, squash and badminton.

Britain has pioneered facilities for sports for disabled people. Disabled athletes are encouraged to participate either in direct competition with able-bodied athletes or in parallel events.

Wimbledon, one of the four grand slam tennis tournaments, is the world's premier grass court tournament. The British Open Golf cham­pionship attracts enormous interest. In horseracing there are five classics flat races — the Derby, the Oaks, the Two Thousand Guineas, the One Thousand Guineas and the St Leger. One of the world's principal sailing events is the regatta at Cowes in the Isle of Wight. Rowing events include the Oxford and Cambridge University boat race and Henley regatta, both on the Thames.

In 1990 England were World Cup soccer semi-finalists. The Govern­ment has worked closely with the football authorities and the government of other European countries to combat spectator violence. Legislation severely restricts access to alcohol at matches. The National Football Intelligence Unit, set up in 1989, co-ordinates police information about football hooligans and strengthens liaison with overseas police forces. The use of closed-circuit television on all Football League grounds has helped the police to identify lawbreakers.

Unit 8

Topic: Cities

Language: The Modal Verbs

The Perfect Tenses

Text: Kyiv

London

Kherson

1. Language

1. Sentence patterns

You can see the remains of the Golden Gate.

Can you see the remains of the Golden Gate?

You cannot (can’t) see the remains of the Golden Gate.

Illustrative examples

I can speak English

I cannot speak English

Can I speak English?

Yes, you can. No, you cannot (can’t)

We could drive on the left in England

We could not drive on the left in Kiev.

Could we drive on the left in England?

Yes, we could. No, we could not (couldn’t)

He may come later.

He may not come later.

May he come later?

Yes, he may. No, he may not. No, he mustn’t

They might show us the city.

Might they show us the city?

Yes, they might. No, they might not.

She must come in time.

She must not (mustn’t) come in time.

Must she come in time?

Yes, she must. No, she must not. No, she needn’t.

2. Grammar

Modal Verbs and their equivalents

Модальні дієслова	Еквіваленти модальних дієслів	Present	Past	Future
Can - можу, вміти	be able to – могти, бути в змозі	can am is able to are	could was able to were	shall will be able to
May – можу (дозвіл)	be allowed to – мати дозвіл	may am is allowed to are	might was allowed to were	shall will allowed to
must - повинен	have to be to	must have has am to is are	had to was to were to	shall have to will be to

Exercise 1. Practice the following table. Translate each sentence into Russian or Ukrainian

	can	translate the documents as soon as I get there
	could	prepare this material until Friday
	cannot	answer the operations in German
I	could not	make a report in English
He	may	discuss the books with his friends
She	might	call the relatives on coming home
We	must	stay here for a week
You	are	(to) wait for the bus here
They	have	(to) produce visas at the custom
	has	(to) turn to the right round the corner
	had	(to) meet his colleagues at the sea-port
		play tennis better some years ago

Exercise 2 . Express your agreement with the following statements. Use the phrases: Surely, Of course, Certainly, I agree with you, You are right

M

He can go to Kyiv for the week-end

Surely, he can go to Kyiv for the week-end

odel:

1. You can see a lot of places of interest in Kyiv

2. They can get to the centre of the city by metro.

3. She can buy nice post-cards here.

4. We can take photos in this museum.

5. I can give you a lift.

6. He can pay by the meter.

7. We can return from the tour in time.

Exercise 3. Express your surprise and give short affirmative (negative) answers as in the model.