Інфінітив

Інфінітив (the infinitive) – це не особова форма дієслова, яка тільки називає дію і відповідає на запитання що робити?, що зробити?

Форми інфінітива

	Indefinite	Continuous	Perfect
Active	to write	to be writing	to have written
Passive	to be written	-	to have been written

Exercise1. Read and pay attention to the translation of Gerund forms.

1. I like to invite my friends to the theatre.	Я люблю запрошувати своїх друзів до театру.
2. I like to be invited to the theatre.	Я люблю, коли мене запрошують до театру.
3. I am happy to have been invited to the theatre.	Я щасливий, бо мене запросили до театру.

Функції інфінітива в реченні

I. Підмет (Subject) To read is useful. To fulfill this plan is not an easy task.	Читати – корисно. Виконати цей план – задача нелегка.
II. Частина складеного присудка (Part of the Predicate) His dream was to become an artist. He cannot read English. We have to go there immediately.	Його мрією було стати художником. Він не вміє читати на англійській мові. Ми повинні йти туди негайно.
III. Додаток (Object) He likes to read. I want to be invited to the conference. We are glad to have seen you.	Він любить читати. Я хочу, щоб мене запросили на конференцію. Ми раді, що навідали вас.
IV. Обставина (Adverbial Modifier) I am waiting to be told the results. To master English you must work hard.	Я чекаю, щоб мені повідомили результати. Ви повинні наполегливо працювати, щоб оволодіти англійською мовою.
V. Означення (Object) It was a difficult problem to solve. Mozhaisky A. F. was the first to invent a plane. This is the article to be published in our magazine. Here is a good house to live in.	Це була складна проблема, яку потрібно було вирішити. Можайський А.Ф. був першим, хто винайшов літак. Ось стаття, яка повинна бути опублікована в нашому журналі. Ось будинок, в якому добре жити.

Exercise 1. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the functions of the infinitive:

1. To see is to believe. 2. To swim in the Black Sea was a real pleasure. 3. We had to change the time of our meeting. 4. He wants to accept our offer. 5. He wants to be accepted to the institute. 6. He is happy to have been accepted to the Academy. 7. To produce a great number of excellent consumer goods, meeting the requirements of the population, is the task of our light industry. 8. I am sorry to have interrupted you. 9. To resume meetings of our circle we have to speak to the dean. 10. This is the problem to be solved as soon as possible. 11. That was a nice seaside place to spend the holidays. 12. I need a pen to write with. 13. Lomonosov was the first to use the Russian language in scientific books. 14. She was the last to speak at the meeting. 15. We were the first to ring him up and to tell the news. 16. He told us nothing about his plan of research work to be carried out next year. 17. I have something interesting to tell you. 18. There was nothing interesting at the exhibition to attract our attention. 19. To master this speciality one must work hard. 20. In order to improve the drawing skill one must draw every day. 21. A certain temperature must be kept in picture galleries to preserve paintings. 22. To come to my office in time I must leave at 7.30. 23. To greet the teacher the students stand up when the teacher enters the classroom.