Notes to the text:

Lord Chancellor is the chief judicial officer in the British Constitution. He (she ) is a peer and Cabinet Minister, Speaker of the House of Lords, president of the Supreme Court and of the House of Lords sitting as a final court of appeal. He appoints magistrates. Recommends people for high judicial office.

Lord of Appeal in Ordinary. The title of a judge with a life peerage who exercises the judicial functions of the House of Lords.

Old Bailey is the popular name for the Central Criminal Court.

Task 1. Give the Ukrainian equivalents of the following expressions.

Superior courts, judicial function, to exercise, the House of Lords, sitting, to hold judicial office, to hear cases (appeals), county court, convicted on indictment, Crown Court, limited jurisdiction, deal with, throughout England and Wales, magistrates’ court, part-time judges, try person, inferior courts, indictable offence, statutory offence, sentence.

Task 2. Give the English equivalents of the following expressions.

Суд вищої інстанції, засуджувати (судити), суди графств, звинувачення, суд обмеженої юрисдикції, апеляційний суд, звинувачений (підзахисний), слухання по справі, вирок суду, обвинувальний акт, Карний суд, судочинство, засідання суду, палата Лордів, Високий Суд, магістратські суди.

Task 3. Choose the correct word in brackets & complete the sentence:

1. The House of Lords has (general / limited) appellate jurisdiction.

2. The civil division (hears/ exercises) appeals from the High Court.

3. The Crown Court was (created/ limited) in 1972.

4. The Crown Court (comprises/ deals with) judges of the Queen’s Bench Division.

5. The Crown Court (exercises/implements) criminal jurisdiction.

6. County courts have exclusively (civil/ criminal) jurisdiction.

7. Magistrates’ courts (consist of/ exercise) a stipendiary magistrate.

8. Magistrates’ courts have civil jurisdiction in relation to (debts, murders)

Task 4. Match the English and the Ukrainian equivalents.

the Court of Appeal to constitute a ,,precedent” the final tribunal High Court court of general jurisdiction to preside over court county courts limited jurisdiction Crown Court temporary appointment to try cases stipendiary magistrates magistrates courts

обмежена юрисдикція Суд Корони найвищий (остаточний) суд суди графств головувати у суді Високий Суд тимчасове призначення розглядати справи створити ,,прецедент’’ Апеляційний Суд суд загальної юрисдикції магістратські суди магістрати, які отримують платню

Task 5. Match the words and their definitions:

indictable offence division circuit judge jurisdiction indictment salaried peer justice of the peace appeal hold an office

a person who judges less serious cases in a local law court to be in post a person who receives a regular fixed payment an offence which could be tried by jury in the Crown Court the separate sections of the High Court and the Court of Appeal a judge who makes journey round a particular area to hear civil and criminal cases in the county court and Crown Court of a district of England and Wales to take a question to a higher court where it can be heard again a formal document of accusation which is read out in court the power of a court to hear and decide a case

Task 6. Complete the sentence using the following words & phrases:

summarily, hears, hold office, civil, exercises, sittings, magistrate, jurisdiction

1. The Criminal division… appeals by persons convicted on indictment in the Crown Courts.

2. The House of Lords… the judicial function of Parliament

3. The Crown Court exercises criminal jurisdiction and… are held regularly.

4. The House has almost entirely appellate… only, in civil and criminal cases from the Courts of Appeal in England and in Northern Ireland and in civil cases only from the Court of Session in Scotland.

5. Magistrates’ courts consist of a stipendiary…

6. County courts have exclusively … jurisdiction.

7. The judges are persons who also … as Circuit judges of the Crown Court.

8. A magistrates’ court may try… many minor statutory offences.

Task 7. Agree or disagree with the following statements.

1. When the House of Lords sits as court only peers who are senior members of the judiciary can take part in the proceedings.

2. The House of Lords is the final court of appeal for civil and criminal cases in the UK.

3. The three divisions of the High Court each hear different kinds of cases.

4. A jury is always present at the Crown Court hearings.

5. The Old Baily is the name of the Crown Court for the London area.

6. The county courts only hear cases concerning statute law.

7. All English judges and magistrates are professional lawyers.

8. The magistrates’ courts hear certain categories of less important cases.

9. The magistrates’ courts investigate some cases which are later tried by jury in the Crown Court.

10. The magistrates’ courts can choose to hear cases with or without a jury.

Task 8. Find in the text synonyms of the following words:

branch, fulfill, take part, be in high post, wholly, comprise, obligation, all over, judgment, appropriate, decide, form, layman, trial.

Task 9. Form the nouns from the following verbs and translate them into Ukrainian:

participate examine

divide conduct

convict prosecute

organize indict

investigate assign

agree decide

elect preside

Task 10. Make up sentences using the following expressions:

The judicial function, to hear appeals, criminal jurisdiction, consists of two judges, sittings are held, indictable offences, inferior courts, civil jurisdiction, Circuit judges, try summarily, minor offences.

Task 11. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate prepositions:

1. The highest court is the House … Lords.

2. The High Court is divided… three divisions.

3. Judges sit singly… juries.

4. There is an established convention dating … 1844.

5. The criminal jurisdiction of the High Court is exercised … the Queen’s Bench Division.

6. Divisional courts consisting … two judges have limited jurisdiction …

certain cases.

7. …. theory appeal to the House of Lords is an appeal … the whole House.

8. The Central Criminal Court is a sitting … the Crown Court.

9. Cases may be appealed … the Crown Court.

10. Defendants may be remitted sentence … the Crown Court.

Task 12. Decide which word is an odd one:

1. 1)convention 2) code 3) custom 4) legislation 5) judicial precedent;

2. 1) opposition 2) majority 3) Cabinet 4)Prime Minister 5)Home Secretary;

3. 1) life peerage 2) delaying power 3) Lord Chancellor 4) House of Commons 5) Lords spiritual;

4. 1) recommend 2) pass 3)abolish 4)enact 5)amend;

5. 1) binding precedent 2) judicial decision 3) parliamentary sovereignty 4) common law 5) authority;

6. 1) criminal law 2) case-law 3) Land Law4) Jurisprudence 5)Law of Tort;

7. 1) court 2) judge 3) tribunal 4) investigator 5)barrister.

Task 13. Answer the following questions:

1. What are two main areas of jurisdiction of English courts?

2. Which courts exercise jurisdiction in both areas?

3. Which are the superior courts in England and Wales?

4. Which is the final court of appeal?

5. Which division of the High Court has criminal jurisdiction?

6. What is the maximum number of appeals in a civil case?

7. And in a criminal case?

8. Do the county courts hear all civil cases?

CRIME AND PUNISHMENT

Warming-up: