• • • • •

Organizations

American Mosquito Control Association P. O. Box 234

Eatontown, NJ 07727-0234 Phone: [phone] E-mail: [e-mail] <http://www.mosquito.org>

American Zoo and Aquarium Association 8403 Colesville Road, Suite 710 Silver Spring, MD 20910 <http://www.aza.org>

Animal Behavior Society, Indiana University

2611 East 10th Street, no. 170

Bloomington, IN 47408-2603

Arbeitskreis Diptera

Dr. Frank Menzel (Leiter), ZALF e.V., Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Postfach 100238 Eberswalde D-16202

Germany

Phone: [phone] E-mail: [e-mail] <http://www.ak-diptera.de>

Asociación Europea de Coleopterología <http://www.ub.es/aec/>

Association for Tropical Lepidoptera Phone: [phone] <http://www.troplep.org>

Bee Improvement and Bee Breeders Association 50 Station Road

Cogenhoe, Northampton NN7 1LU United Kingdom

Phone: [phone]

E-mail: [e-mail] <http://www.angus.co.uk/bibba/>

British Dragonfly Society

<http://www.dragonflysoc.org.uk>

The British Entomological and Natural History Society c/o The Pelham-Clinton Building

Dinton Pastures Country Park Davis Street

Hurst, Reading Berkshire RG10 0TH United Kingdom

<http://www.benhs.org.uk/benhs.html>

The Cambridge Entomological Club Museum of Comparative Zoology 26 Oxford Street

Cambridge, MA 02138 <http://entclub.org>

The Coleopterists Society

<http://www.coleopsoc.org/>

The Dipterist’s Club of Japan

<http://www.osk.3web.ne.jp/~yonetsua/DCJE.html>

The Dipterists’ Forum

Ger-y-Parc, Marianglas

Benllech

Gwynedd LL74 8NS

United Kingdom

Dragonfly Society of the Americas

2091 Partridge Lane

Binghamton, NY 13903

Entomological Society of America 9301 Annapolis Road Lanham, MD 20706-3115 Phone: [phone] <http://www.entsoc.org>

Entomological Society of Canada 393 Winston Avenue

Ottawa, ON K2A 1Y8 Canada

Phone: [phone]

E-mail: [e-mail] <http://www.esc-sec.org/>

The Entomological Society of China 19 Zhong Guan Cun Lu Haidian, Beijing

China

Phone: [phone] E-mail: [e-mail]

<http://panda.ioz.ac.cn/ioz/esc.html>

Gesellschaft Deutschsprachiger Odonatologen

<http://www.libellula.org>

Idalia Society of Mid-American Lepidopterists

219 West 68th Street

Kansas City, MO 64113

Phone: [phone]

432	Grzimek’s Animal Life Encyclopedia

International Association of Neuropterology

<http://www.neuroptera.com>

International Isoptera Society <http://www.cals.cornell.edu/dept/bionb/isoptera/homepage

.html>

The International Society of Hymenopterists

<http://iris.biosci.ohio-state.edu/ish/ishhome.html>

International Union for the Study of Social Insects <http://www.iussi.org/website>

Lepidoptera Research Foundation, Inc.

9620 Heather Road

Beverly Hills, CA 90210

The Lepidopterists’ Society

<http://alpha.furman.edu/~snyder/snyder/lep/>

Lepidopterogical Society of Japan, c/o Ogata Hospital 3-2-17 Imabashi 3, Chuo-ku

Osaka 541 Japan

The Malloch Society

Graham Rotheray, Research Coordinator Royal Museums of Scotland, Chamber Street Edinburgh EH1 1JF

United Kingdom E-mail: [e-mail]

North American Butterfly Association 4 Delaware Road

Morristown, NJ 07960 <http://www.naba.org/>

North American Dipterists’ Society

E-mail: [e-mail]

North American Pollinator Protection Campaign c/o The Coevolution Institute

423 Washington St., 4th floor San Francisco, CA 94111-2339 <http://www.nappc.org>

Organizations

The Orthopterists’ Society

<http://www.orthoptera.org>

The Phasmid Study Group

40 Thorndike Road Slough, Berkshire SL2 1SR United Kingdom

Phone: [phone] <http:www.stickinsect.org.uk>

Royal Entomological Society

41 Queen’s Gate

London SW7 5HR	ORGANIZATIONS
United Kingdom
Phone: [phone]
E-mail: [e-mail]
<http://www.royensoc.co.uk/>
Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología
SOCOLEN Carrera 50 # 27-70
Bloque C Nivel 7
Bogotá D.C.
República de Colombia
<http://www.socolen.org.co/>
Sociedad Mexicana de Entomología
E-mail: [e-mail]
<http://www.geocities.com/RainForest/Vines/7352/>
Sociedad Venezolana de Entomología
E-mail: [e-mail]
<http://www.sve.org.ve/>
Societas Europaea Lepidopterologica
c/o Zoological Institute, University of Bern
Baltzerstrasse 3
Bern CH-3012
Switzerland
The Xerces Society
4828 SE Hawthorne Blvd.
Portland, OR 97215
<http://www.xerces.org>

Grzimek’s Animal Life Encyclopedia

433

• • • • •

Contributors to the first edition

The following individuals contributed chapters to the original edition of Grzimek’s Animal Life Encyclopedia, which was edited by Dr. Bernhard Grzimek, Professor, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Germany; Director, Frankfurt Zoological Garden, Germany; and Trustee, Tanzanian National Parks, Tanzania.

Dr. Michael Abs

Curator, Ruhr University

Bochum, Germany

Dr. Salim Ali

Bombay Natural History Society

Bombay, India

Dr. Rudolph Altevogt

Professor, Zoological Institute,

University of Münster

Münster, Germany

Dr. Renate Angermann

Curator, Institute of Zoology,

Humboldt University

Berlin, Germany

Edward A. Armstrong

Cambridge University

Cambridge, England

Dr. Peter Ax

Professor, Second Zoological Institute

and Museum, University of Göttingen

Göttingen, Germany

Dr. Franz Bachmaier

Zoological Collection of the State of

Bavaria

Munich, Germany

Dr. Pedru Banarescu

Academy of the Roumanian Socialist

Republic, Trajan Savulescu Institute of

Biology

Bucharest, Romania

Dr. A. G. Bannikow

Professor, Institute of Veterinary

Medicine

Moscow, Russia

Dr. Hilde Baumgärtner

Zoological Collection of the State of

Bavaria

Munich, Germany

C. W. Benson

Department of Zoology, Cambridge

University

Cambridge, England

Dr. Andrew Berger

Chairman, Department of Zoology,

University of Hawaii

Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S.A.

Dr. J. Berlioz

National Museum of Natural History

Paris, France

Dr. Rudolf Berndt

Director, Institute for Population Ecology, Hiligoland Ornithological Station

Braunschweig, Germany

Dieter Blume

Instructor of Biology, Freiherr-vom-

Stein School

Gladenbach, Germany

Dr. Maximilian Boecker

Zoological Research Institute and A.

Koenig Museum

Bonn, Germany

Dr. Carl-Heinz Brandes

Curator and Director, The Aquarium,

Overseas Museum

Bremen, Germany

Dr. Donald G. Broadley

Curator, Umtali Museum

Mutare, Zimbabwe

Dr. Heinz Brüll

Director; Game, Forest, and Fields

Research Station

Hartenholm, Germany

Dr. Herbert Bruns

Director, Institute of Zoology and the

Protection of Life

Schlangenbad, Germany

Hans Bub

Heligoland Ornithological Station

Wilhelmshaven, Germany

A. H. Chisholm

Sydney, Australia

Herbert Thomas Condon

Curator of Birds, South Australian

Museum

Adelaide, Australia

Dr. Eberhard Curio

Director, Laboratory of Ethology,

Ruhr University

Bochum, Germany

Dr. Serge Daan

Laboratory of Animal Physiology,

University of Amsterdam

Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Dr. Heinrich Dathe

Professor and Director, Animal Park

and Zoological Research Station,

German Academy of Sciences

Berlin, Germany

Dr. Wolfgang Dierl

Zoological Collection of the State of

Bavaria

Munich, Germany

434	Grzimek’s Animal Life Encyclopedia

Dr. Fritz Dieterlen

Zoological Research Institute and

A. Koenig Museum

Bonn, Germany

Dr. Rolf Dircksen

Professor, Pedagogical Institute

Bielefeld, Germany

Josef Donner

Instructor of Biology

Katzelsdorf, Austria

Dr. Jean Dorst

Professor, National Museum of

Natural History

Paris, France

Dr. Gerti Dücker

Professor and Chief Curator,

Zoological Institute, University of

Münster

Münster, Germany

Dr. Michael Dzwillo

Zoological Institute and Museum,

University of Hamburg

Hamburg, Germany

Dr. Irenäus Eibl-Eibesfeldt Professor and Director, Institute of Human Ethology, Max Planck Institute for Behavioral Physiology Percha/Starnberg, Germany

Dr. Martin Eisentraut

Professor and Director, Zoological

Research Institute and A. Koenig

Museum

Bonn, Germany

Dr. Eberhard Ernst

Swiss Tropical Institute

Basel, Switzerland

R. D. Etchecopar

Director, National Museum of

Natural History

Paris, France

Dr. R. A. Falla

Director, Dominion Museum

Wellington, New Zealand

Dr. Hubert Fechter

Curator, Lower Animals, Zoological

Collection of the State of Bavaria

Munich, Germany

Dr. Walter Fiedler

Docent, University of Vienna, and

Director, Schönbrunn Zoo

Vienna, Austria

Wolfgang Fischer

Inspector of Animals, Animal Park

Berlin, Germany

Dr. C. A. Fleming

Geological Survey Department of

Scientific and Industrial Research

Lower Hutt, New Zealand

Dr. Hans Frädrich

Zoological Garden

Berlin, Germany

Dr. Hans-Albrecht Freye Professor and Director, Biological Institute of the Medical School Halle a.d.S., Germany

Günther E. Freytag

Former Director, Reptile and

Amphibian Collection, Museum of

Cultural History in Magdeburg

Berlin, Germany

Dr. Herbert Friedmann

Director, Los Angeles County

Museum of Natural History

Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.

Dr. H. Friedrich

Professor, Overseas Museum

Bremen, Germany

Dr. Jan Frijlink

Zoological Laboratory, University of

Amsterdam

Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Dr. H. C. Karl Von Frisch Professor Emeritus and former Director, Zoological Institute, University of Munich Munich, Germany

Dr. H. J. Frith

C.S.I.R.O. Research Institute

Canberra, Australia

Dr. Ion E. Fuhn

Academy of the Roumanian Socialist

Republic, Trajan Savulescu Institute of

Biology

Bucharest, Romania

Contributors to the first edition

Dr. Carl Gans

Professor, Department of Biology,

State University of New York at

Buffalo

Buffalo, New York, U.S.A.

Dr. Rudolf Geigy

Professor and Director, Swiss Tropical

Institute

Basel, Switzerland

Dr. Jacques Gery

St. Genies, France

Dr. Wolfgang Gewalt

Director, Animal Park

Duisburg, Germany

	Dr. H. C. Viktor Goerttler	CONTRIBUTORS
	Professor Emeritus, University of
	Jena
	Jena, Germany	THE TO
	Dr. Friedrich Goethe
		FIRST
	Director, Institute of Ornithology,
	Heligoland Ornithological Station	EDITION
	Wilhelmshaven, Germany
	Dr. Ulrich F. Gruber
	Herpetological Section, Zoological
	Research Institute and A. Koenig
	Museum
	Bonn, Germany
	Dr. H. R. Haefelfinger
	Museum of Natural History
	Basel, Switzerland
	Dr. Theodor Haltenorth
	Director, Mammalology, Zoological
	Collection of the State of Bavaria
	Munich, Germany
	Barbara Harrisson
	Sarawak Museum, Kuching, Borneo
	Ithaca, New York, U.S.A.
	Dr. Francois Haverschmidt
	President, High Court (retired)
	Paramaribo, Suriname
	Dr. Heinz Heck
	Director, Catskill Game Farm
	Catskill, New York, U.S.A.

Grzimek’s Animal Life Encyclopedia

435

Contributors to the first edition

Dr. Lutz Heck

Professor (retired), and Director,

Zoological Garden, Berlin

Wiesbaden, Germany

Dr. H. C. Heini Hediger

Director, Zoological Garden

Zurich, Switzerland

Dr. Dietrich Heinemann

Director, Zoological Garden, Münster

Dörnigheim, Germany

Dr. Helmut Hemmer

Institute for Physiological Zoology, University of Mainz

Mainz, Germany

Dr. W. G. Heptner

Professor, Zoological Museum,

University of Moscow

Moscow, Russia

Dr. Konrad Herter

Professor Emeritus and Director

(retired), Zoological Institute, Free

University of Berlin

Berlin, Germany

Dr. Hans Rudolf Heusser

Zoological Museum, University of

Zurich

Zurich, Switzerland

Dr. Emil Otto Höhn

Associate Professor of Physiology,

University of Alberta

Edmonton, Canada

Dr. W. Hohorst

Professor and Director, Parasitological

Institute, Farbwerke Hoechst A.G.

Frankfurt-Höchst, Germany

Dr. Folkhart Hückinghaus

Director, Senckenbergische Anatomy, University of Frankfurt a.M. Frankfurt a.M., Germany

Francois Hüe

National Museum of Natural History

Paris, France

Dr. K. Immelmann

Professor, Zoological Institute,

Technical University of Braunschweig

Braunschweig, Germany

Dr. Junichiro Itani

Kyoto University

Kyoto, Japan

Dr. Richard F. Johnston

Professor of Zoology, University of

Kansas

Lawrence, Kansas, U.S.A.

Otto Jost

Oberstudienrat, Freiherr-vom-Stein

Gymnasium

Fulda, Germany

Dr. Paul Kähsbauer

Curator, Fishes, Museum of Natural

History

Vienna, Austria

Dr. Ludwig Karbe

Zoological State Institute and

Museum

Hamburg, Germany

Dr. N. N. Kartaschew

Docent, Department of Biology,

Lomonossow State University

Moscow, Russia

Dr. Werner Kästle

Oberstudienrat, Gisela Gymnasium

Munich, Germany

Dr. Reinhard Kaufmann

Field Station of the Tropical Institute,

Justus Liebig University, Giessen,

Germany

Santa Marta, Colombia

Dr. Masao Kawai

Primate Research Institute, Kyoto

University

Kyoto, Japan

Dr. Ernst F. Kilian

Professor, Giessen University and

Catedratico Universidad Austral,

Valdivia-Chile

Giessen, Germany

Dr. Ragnar Kinzelbach Institute for General Zoology, University of Mainz

Mainz, Germany

Dr. Heinrich Kirchner

Landwirtschaftsrat (retired)

Bad Oldesloe, Germany

Dr. Rosl Kirchshofer

Zoological Garden, University of Frankfurt a.M.

Frankfurt a.M., Germany

Dr. Wolfgang Klausewitz Curator, Senckenberg Nature Museum and Research Institute Frankfurt a.M., Germany

Dr. Konrad Klemmer Curator, Senckenberg Nature

Museum and Research Institute Frankfurt a.M., Germany

Dr. Erich Klinghammer

Laboratory of Ethology, Purdue

University

Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A.

Dr. Heinz-Georg Klös

Professor and Director, Zoological

Garden

Berlin, Germany

Ursula Klös

Zoological Garden

Berlin, Germany

Dr. Otto Koehler

Professor Emeritus, Zoological Institute, University of Freiburg Freiburg i. BR., Germany

Dr. Kurt Kolar

Institute of Ethology, Austrian

Academy of Sciences

Vienna, Austria

Dr. Claus König

State Ornithological Station of Baden-

Württemberg

Ludwigsburg, Germany

Dr. Adriaan Kortlandt

Zoological Laboratory, University of

Amsterdam

Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Dr. Helmut Kraft

Professor and Scientific Councillor,

Medical Animal Clinic, University of

Munich

Munich, Germany

436	Grzimek’s Animal Life Encyclopedia

Dr. Helmut Kramer

Zoological Research Institute and A.

Koenig Museum

Bonn, Germany

Dr. Franz Krapp

Zoological Institute, University of

Freiburg

Freiburg, Switzerland

Dr. Otto Kraus

Professor, University of Hamburg,

and Director, Zoological Institute and

Museum

Hamburg, Germany

Dr. Hans Krieg

Professor and First Director (retired),

Scientific Collections of the State of

Bavaria

Munich, Germany

Dr. Heinrich Kühl

Federal Research Institute for Fisheries, Cuxhaven Laboratory Cuxhaven, Germany

Dr. Oskar Kuhn

Professor, formerly University Halle/Saale

Munich, Germany

Dr. Hans Kumerloeve

First Director (retired), State

Scientific Museum, Vienna

Munich, Germany

Dr. Nagamichi Kuroda

Yamashina Ornithological Institute,

Shibuya-Ku

Tokyo, Japan

Dr. Fred Kurt

Zoological Museum of Zurich

University, Smithsonian Elephant

Survey

Colombo, Ceylon

Dr. Werner Ladiges

Professor and Chief Curator,

Zoological Institute and Museum,

University of Hamburg

Hamburg, Germany

Leslie Laidlaw

Department of Animal Sciences,

Purdue University

Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A.

Dr. Ernst M. Lang

Director, Zoological Garden

Basel, Switzerland

Dr. Alfredo Langguth

Department of Zoology, Faculty of

Humanities and Sciences, University

of the Republic

Montevideo, Uruguay

Leo Lehtonen

Science Writer

Helsinki, Finland

Bernd Leisler

Second Zoological Institute,

University of Vienna

Vienna, Austria

Dr. Kurt Lillelund

Professor and Director, Institute for Hydrobiology and Fishery Sciences, University of Hamburg

Hamburg, Germany

R. Liversidge

Alexander MacGregor Memorial

Museum

Kimberley, South Africa

Dr. Konrad Lorenz

Professor and Director, Max Planck Institute for Behavioral Physiology Seewiesen/Obb., Germany

Dr. Martin Lühmann

Federal Research Institute for the Breeding of Small Animals Celle, Germany

Dr. Johannes Lüttschwager

Oberstudienrat (retired)

Heidelberg, Germany

Dr. Wolfgang Makatsch

Bautzen, Germany

Dr. Hubert Markl

Professor and Director, Zoological

Institute, Technical University of

Darmstadt

Darmstadt, Germany

Basil J. Marlow, BSc (Hons)

Curator, Australian Museum

Sydney, Australia

Contributors to the first edition

Dr. Theodor Mebs

Instructor of Biology

Weissenhaus/Ostsee, Germany

Dr. Gerlof Fokko Mees

Curator of Birds, Rijks Museum of

Natural History

Leiden, The Netherlands

Hermann Meinken

Director, Fish Identification Institute,

V.D.A.

Bremen, Germany

Dr. Wilhelm Meise

Chief Curator, Zoological Institute

and Museum, University of Hamburg

Hamburg, Germany

	Dr. Joachim Messtorff	CONTRIBUTORS
	Field Station of the Federal Fisheries
	Research Institute
	Bremerhaven, Germany	TO
	Dr. Marian Mlynarski	THE
	Professor, Polish Academy of	FIRST
	Sciences, Institute for Systematic and
	Experimental Zoology	EDITION
	Cracow, Poland
	Dr. Walburga Moeller
	Nature Museum
	Hamburg, Germany
	Dr. H. C. Erna Mohr
	Curator (retired), Zoological State
	Institute and Museum
	Hamburg, Germany
	Dr. Karl-Heinz Moll
	Waren/Müritz, Germany
	Dr. Detlev Müller-Using
	Professor, Institute for Game
	Management, University of Göttingen
	Hannoversch-Münden, Germany
	Werner Münster
	Instructor of Biology
	Ebersbach, Germany
	Dr. Joachim Münzing
	Altona Museum
	Hamburg, Germany
	Dr. Wilbert Neugebauer
	Wilhelma Zoo
	Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt, Germany

Grzimek’s Animal Life Encyclopedia

437

Contributors to the first edition

Dr. Ian Newton

Senior Scientific Officer, The Nature

Conservancy

Edinburgh, Scotland

Dr. Jürgen Nicolai

Max Planck Institute for Behavioral Physiology

Seewiesen/Obb., Germany

Dr. Günther Niethammer

Professor, Zoological Research

Institute and A. Koenig Museum

Bonn, Germany

Dr. Bernhard Nievergelt

Zoological Museum, University of

Zurich

Zurich, Switzerland

Dr. C. C. Olrog

Institut Miguel Lillo San Miguel de Tucumán

Tucumán, Argentina

Alwin Pedersen

Mammal Research and Arctic Explorer

Holte, Denmark

Dr. Dieter Stefan Peters

Nature Museum and Senckenberg Research Institute

Frankfurt a.M., Germany

Dr. Nicolaus Peters

Scientific Councillor and Docent,

Institute of Hydrobiology and

Fisheries, University of Hamburg

Hamburg, Germany

Dr. Hans-Günter Petzold

Assistant Director, Zoological Garden

Berlin, Germany

Dr. Rudolf Piechocki

Docent, Zoological Institute,

University of Halle

Halle a.d.S., Germany

Dr. Ivo Poglayen-Neuwall

Director, Zoological Garden

Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.A.

Dr. Egon Popp

Zoological Collection of the State of

Bavaria

Munich, Germany

Dr. H. C. Adolf Portmann

Professor Emeritus, Zoological

Institute, University of Basel

Basel, Switzerland

Hans Psenner

Professor and Director, Alpine Zoo

Innsbruck, Austria

Dr. Heinz-Siburd Raethel

Oberveterinärrat

Berlin, Germany

Dr. Urs H. Rahm

Professor, Museum of Natural History

Basel, Switzerland

Dr. Werner Rathmayer

Biology Institute, University of

Konstanz

Konstanz, Germany

Walter Reinhard

Biologist

Baden-Baden, Germany

Dr. H. H. Reinsch

Federal Fisheries Research Institute

Bremerhaven, Germany

Dr. Bernhard Rensch

Professor Emeritus, Zoological

Institute, University of Münster

Münster, Germany

Dr. Vernon Reynolds

Docent, Department of Sociology,

University of Bristol

Bristol, England

Dr. Rupert Riedl

Professor, Department of Zoology,

University of North Carolina

Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A.

Dr. Peter Rietschel

Professor (retired), Zoological Institute, University of Frankfurt a.M. Frankfurt a.M., Germany

Dr. Siegfried Rietschel

Docent, University of Frankfurt; Curator, Nature Museum and Research Institute Senckenberg Frankfurt a.M., Germany

Herbert Ringleben

Institute of Ornithology, Heligoland

Ornithological Station

Wilhelmshaven, Germany

Dr. K. Rohde

Institute for General Zoology, Ruhr University

Bochum, Germany

Dr. Peter Röben

Academic Councillor, Zoological

Institute, Heidelberg University

Heidelberg, Germany

Dr. Anton E. M. De Roo

Royal Museum of Central Africa

Tervuren, South Africa

Dr. Hubert Saint Girons Research Director, Center for National Scientific Research Brunoy (Essonne), France

Dr. Luitfried Von Salvini-Plawen

First Zoological Institute, University

of Vienna

Vienna, Austria

Dr. Kurt Sanft

Oberstudienrat, Diesterweg-

Gymnasium

Berlin, Germany

Dr. E. G. Franz Sauer

Professor, Zoological Research

Institute and A. Koenig Museum,

University of Bonn

Bonn, Germany

Dr. Eleonore M. Sauer

Zoological Research Institute and A.

Koenig Museum, University of Bonn

Bonn, Germany

Dr. Ernst Schäfer

Curator, State Museum of Lower

Saxony

Hannover, Germany

Dr. Friedrich Schaller

Professor and Chairman, First

Zoological Institute, University of

Vienna

Vienna, Austria

438	Grzimek’s Animal Life Encyclopedia

Dr. George B. Schaller

Serengeti Research Institute, Michael

Grzimek Laboratory

Seronera, Tanzania

Dr. Georg Scheer

Chief Curator and Director,

Zoological Institute, State Museum of

Hesse

Darmstadt, Germany

Dr. Christoph Scherpner

Zoological Garden

Frankfurt a.M., Germany

Dr. Herbert Schifter

Bird Collection, Museum of Natural

History

Vienna, Austria

Dr. Marco Schnitter

Zoological Museum, Zurich

University

Zurich, Switzerland

Dr. Kurt Schubert

Federal Fisheries Research Institute

Hamburg, Germany

Eugen Schuhmacher

Director, Animals Films, I.U.C.N.

Munich, Germany

Dr. Thomas Schultze-Westrum

Zoological Institute, University of

Munich

Munich, Germany

Dr. Ernst Schüt

Professor and Director (retired), State

Museum of Natural History

Stuttgart, Germany

Dr. Lester L. Short , Jr.

Associate Curator, American Museum

of Natural History

New York, New York, U.S.A.

Dr. Helmut Sick

National Museum

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Dr. Alexander F. Skutch

Professor of Ornithology, University of Costa Rica

San Isidro del General, Costa Rica

Dr. Everhard J. Slijper

Professor, Zoological Laboratory,

University of Amsterdam

Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Bertram E. Smythies

Curator (retired), Division of Forestry

Management, Sarawak-Malaysia

Estepona, Spain

Dr. Kenneth E. Stager

Chief Curator, Los Angeles County

Museum of Natural History

Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.

Dr. H. C. Georg H.W. Stein

Professor, Curator of Mammals,

Institute of Zoology and Zoological

Museum, Humboldt University

Berlin, Germany

Dr. Joachim Steinbacher Curator, Nature Museum and Senckenberg Research Institute Frankfurt a.M., Germany

Dr. Bernard Stonehouse

Canterbury University

Christchurch, New Zealand

Dr. Richard Zur Strassen Curator, Nature Museum and Senckenberg Research Institute Frandfurt a.M., Germany

Dr. Adelheid Studer-Thiersch

Zoological Garden

Basel, Switzerland

Dr. Ernst Sutter

Museum of Natural History

Basel, Switzerland

Dr. Fritz Terofal

Director, Fish Collection, Zoological

Collection of the State of Bavaria

Munich, Germany

Dr. G. F. Van Tets

Wildlife Research

Canberra, Australia

Ellen Thaler-Kottek

Institute of Zoology, University of

Innsbruck

Innsbruck, Austria

Contributors to the first edition

Dr. Erich Thenius

Professor and Director, Institute of

Paleontolgy, University of Vienna

Vienna, Austria

Dr. Niko Tinbergen

Professor of Animal Behavior,

Department of Zoology, Oxford

University

Oxford, England

Alexander Tsurikov

Lecturer, University of Munich

Munich, Germany

Dr. Wolfgang Villwock

Zoological Institute and Museum,

University of Hamburg

	Hamburg, Germany	CONTRIBUTORS
	Zdenek Vogel
	Director, Suchdol Herpetological
	Station	TO
	Prague, Czechoslovakia
		THE
	Dieter Vogt	FIRST
	Schorndorf, Germany	EDITION
	Dr. Jiri Volf
	Zoological Garden
	Prague, Czechoslovakia
	Otto Wadewitz
	Leipzig, Germany
	Dr. Helmut O. Wagner
	Director (retired), Overseas Museum,
	Bremen
	Mexico City, Mexico
	Dr. Fritz Walther
	Professor, Texas A & M University
	College Station, Texas, U.S.A.
	John Warham
	Zoology Department, Canterbury
	University
	Christchurch, New Zealand
	Dr. Sherwood L. Washburn
	University of California at Berkeley
	Berkeley, California, U.S.A.
	Eberhard Wawra
	First Zoological Institute, University
	of Vienna
	Vienna, Austria

Grzimek’s Animal Life Encyclopedia

439

	Contributors to the first edition
	Dr. Ingrid Weigel	Dr. Dietrich E. Wilcke
	Zoological Collection of the State of	Röttgen, Germany
	Bavaria
	Munich, Germany	Dr. Helmut Wilkens
	Dr. B. Weischer	Professor and Director, Institute of
		Anatomy, School of Veterinary
	Institute of Nematode Research,
		Medicine
	Federal Biological Institute
		Hannover, Germany
	Münster/Westfalen, Germany
	Herbert Wendt	Dr. Michael L. Wolfe
		Utah, U.S.A.
	Author, Natural History
	Baden-Baden, Germany
	Dr. Heinz Wermuth	Hans Edmund Wolters
		Zoological Research Institute and A.
	Chief Curator, State Nature Museum,	Koenig Museum
	Stuttgart	Bonn, Germany
	Ludwigsburg, Germany
	Dr. Wolfgang Von Westernhagen	Dr. Arnfrid Wünschmann
		Research Associate, Zoological Garden
	Preetz/Holstein, Germany
		Berlin, Germany
	Dr. Alexander Wetmore
	United States National Museum,	Dr. Walter Wüst
	Smithsonian Institution	Instructor, Wilhelms Gymnasium
	Washington, D.C., U.S.A.	Munich, Germany

Dr. Heinz Wundt

Zoological Collection of the State of

Bavaria

Munich, Germany

Dr. Claus-Dieter Zander

Zoological Institute and Museum,

University of Hamburg

Hamburg, Germany

Dr. Fritz Zumpt Director, Entomology and

Parasitology, South African Institute for Medical Research Johannesburg, South Africa

Dr. Richard L. Zusi

Curator of Birds, United States

National Museum, Smithsonian

Institution

Washington, D.C., U.S.A.

440	Grzimek’s Animal Life Encyclopedia