- •Unit 1 history of aviation
- •1.1 Aviation History
- •1.2.Eurocontrol
- •The Single European Sky
- •Unified Air Traffic Management
- •1.3 Supplementary Reading texts
- •International Civil Aviation Organization (part I)
- •International Civil Aviation Organization (part II)
- •International Standards and Recommended Practices (sarPs)
- •Procedures for Air Navigation Services
- •International Air Transport Association (Iata)
- •1.4 Topics for Discussion
- •Unit 2 air traffic service
- •2.1 Air Traffic Service
- •Icao; sarps; fiRs; ifr; vfr; ats; atc.
- •2.2 How Air Traffic Controllers Operate
- •2.3 English Is the Language of Communication
- •Atc; r/ t; atis; volmet; bbc.
- •2.4 Supplementary Reading texts Language as a Factor in Aviation Incidents and Accidents
- •General and Aviation-Specific English Language Training
- •2.5 Topics for Discussion
- •Unit 3 aircraft types and construction
- •3.1 Principle Structural Units of the Aircraft
- •3.2 Heavy Wide-body Transport Aircraft
- •Aircraft of a New Generation
- •Airbus a330
- •A330 mrtt
- •3.3 Supplementary Reading texts Aircraft – General
- •Vertical and Short take-off and Landing Aircraft
- •3.4 Topics for Discussion
- •Unit 4 airport design
- •4.1 Airport Design
- •4.2 Baggage Carriage
- •4.3 Classification of Air Transportations
- •4.4 Carriage of Dangerous Goods
- •4.5 Airport Vehicles
- •4.6 Landing Area
- •4.7 Taxiways
- •4.8 Supplementary Reading Texts Airport
- •From the History of Hangars
- •Borispil Airport
- •4.9 Topics for Discussion
- •Unit 5 atco’s workload
- •5.1 Atc Centre. Air Traffic Control Specialist
- •Nature of the work
- •Terminal (Tower) Controller
- •Area Control Centre Controller
- •Working conditions
- •Certificate and Rating Requirements
- •Physical Requirements
- •Written test and Interview
- •5.2 Controller’s Automated Workstation
- •5.3 Simulator Training of Aviation Specialists
- •5.4 Supplementary Reading Texts
- •Attenuation
- •Other features
- •5.5 Topics for Discussion
- •Unit 6 human factor
- •6.1 The Meaning of Human Factors
- •6.2 Human Factors Within Systems
- •6.3 Speaking over the Telephone Part I
- •Making an Appointment
- •Being Unable to Keep an Appointment
- •Part II
- •An Applicant’s Passport is not Available
- •Congratulations on a Promotion
- •Booking a Plane Reservation
- •6.4 Controller Proficiency
- •6.5 Supplementary Reading Texts Human Factor
- •Crew Interaction Capability
- •Communication, Navigation and Surveillance /Air Traffic Management Interface
- •Error Management
- •Crew Information Requirements Analysis
- •Training Aids
- •Human Factor and Aviation Safety Problems
- •Los Rodeos Runway Collision
- •Cali b757 Terrain Crash
- •German Midair Collision
- •It's Not All About Accidents
- •My Best Profession
- •An Air Traffic Controller’s Job
- •6.6 Topics for discussion
- •Unit 7 health problems in aviation
- •7.1 Health as One of the Criteria of Air Traffic Controller Professional Selection
- •7.2 Holistic Medicine
- •7.3 Supplementary Reading Texts
- •7.3.1 The Spheres of Health
- •7.3.2 A Country’s Biggest Killer…
- •7.3.3 Stress: is your life a blur?
- •How to avoid hurry sickness and lead a better life
- •7.3.4 Yoga helps to relax
- •7.3.5 Alternative Cure 1 An unusual present
- •7.3.6 Alternative Cure 2 Extreme methods sometimes work
- •7.3.7 Alternative Cure 3 An allergic person’s confession
- •7.3.8 Alternative Cure 4 Macrobiotics as it is
- •7.3.9 Alternative Cure 5 Acupuncture – will it suit you?
- •Modern reflexology
- •7.3.10 The worst pain I have ever had (Four people’s experience)
- •7.4 Topics for Discussion
- •Unit 8 geography
- •8.1 The earth. Volcanoes. Volcano Activity Warning System for Pilots
- •Icao, iavw
- •8.2 The Effects of the Weather on Aviation
- •8.3 Natural Catastrophes
- •8.4 Supplementary Reading Texts The Atmosphere
- •Weather
- •8.5 Topics for Discussion
- •9.1 Transponders Were Switched off to Prevent Aircraft Being Tracked by Air Traffic Control
- •9.2 Status Report
- •Investigation
- •Vor; acc; tcas; stca; uacc; atc
- •9.3 Loss of Separation
- •9.4 Controlled Flight into Terrain
- •9.5 Flight Chaos Across Europe After Air Traffic Control Strikes
- •9.6 Airplane Hijacking
- •9.7 Supplementary Reading texts Flight Security
- •Aviation Security
- •Civil Aviation Security Regulations
- •Civil Aviation Security
- •9.8 Topics for Discussion
- •Unit 10 emergency
- •10.1 Drama as Pilot is Sucked out of Plane at 23.00 ft (The error that could not happen)
- •10.2 Communication Failure
- •10.3 Distress and Urgency Messages
- •10.4. What is a Near-Miss?
- •Ins; ifr; vfr; tcas; ra; ft; km; n; m; fl.
- •10.5 Supplementary Reading Text the search for a legendary fugitive - d.B. Cooper
- •10.6 Topics for Discussion
- •Word list
- •Subject index
- •References
9.7 Supplementary Reading texts Flight Security
On the average there are up to 35-40 acts of unlawful interference in the world aviation activities every year. Some 70% of them are unlawful seizures, the rest are in-flight attacks, attacks on ground facilities, and unlawful acts against the safety of civil aviation.
ICAO is developing an aviation security training program composed of a series of standardized training packages designed for global application. The first such package, designed for airport security personnel, has been distributed to all contracting states and relevant international organizations. The further standardized training packages address aviation security management, aviation cargo and mail security, airline security training programmes, and aviation security instructors.
The next major challenge facing aviation security professionals is the deployment of the explosives detection system (EDS) to combat the current terrorist threat of aircraft bombings. The first new technology in the aviation security field since the introduction of metal detectors and X-ray systems, the EDS is aimed at screening 100 per cent of aircraft hold luggage. The goal is to reduce the risk of aircraft bombings in the same manner that metal detectors have helped prevent hijackings.
The explosives detection system is the total security system that prevents explosive devices from boarding aircraft. Security profession als are concerned with its ability to keep aircraft safe from bombings, while airports and airlines are concerned that its introduction may disrupt their timetables and operations. Explosives are likely to be well concealed among the usual items that passengers pack, and it takes a lot of time to detect them.
Answer the questions.
How many acts of unlawful interference in the world aviation activities happen every year?
What types of unlawful interference take place most frequently?
What is 1CAO presently developing?
What kind of packages does this program consist of?
Whom does the first such package address?
What is the aim of the further standardized training packages?
What is the next major challenge facing aviation security professionals?
What is the EDS aimed at?
What is the goal of introduction of this new detection technology?
What does the notion of the total security system imply?
Aviation Security
The subject of aviation security is safeguarding of civil aviation against all acts of unlawful interference. Ineffective implementation of aviation security rules can have a horrendous impact on airlines.
Should a serious incident occur, a 30 to 40 percent drop in passengers can be expected. For States that have a high level of economic dependency upon tourism, the resulting loss of income can be extremely serious.
The management system needs to be based on the aim of achieving and maintaining a high level of confidence that the security program is being properly implemented at every level of the organization, for every flight departure. Responsibility for security implementation must be delegated to everyone, from the chief executive at headquarters to the baggage handler at the ramp.
The final key to achieving confidence in the effectiveness of a security program is periodic independent monitoring checks or spot checks, ideally, these checks are carried out by someone with an independent responsibility who reports the results directly to top management.
Answer the questions.
What problems does aviation security deal with?
What kinds of people are committing acts of unlawful interference?
What does the requirement of very high effectiveness of all measures of security imply?
What drop in passengers can be expected after each serious incident?
For what States can the resulting loss of income be very serious?
What aim does the management system need to be based on?
Who must share responsibility for security implementation?
What must be the final key to achieving confidence in the effectiveness of a security program?
9. Who must carry out independent checks of a security program?
10. Who is to be informed about the results of independent checks?