Вариант 2

№1 Перефразируйте следующие предложения, употребляя инфинитивную конструкцию сложное дополнение (Complex Object) вместо придаточных дополнительных предложений или переделывая два предложения в одно. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

1. I expect that she would behave quite differently.

2. I know that your uncle is an excellent mathematician.

3. I saw him. He pointed to a picture on the wall.

4. She bent and picked something from the floor. The policeman saw it.

5. I expect that you will join our excursion.

6. They showed themselves even more narrow-minded than he had expected they would be.

7. The wounded hunter felt that the bear touched him, but he didn’t move.

№2 Перефразируйте следующие предложения, употребляя инфинитивную конструкцию сложное подлежащее (Complex Subject). Переведите переделанные предложения на русский язык:

1. It appeared that Caucasian had worn high fleece caps on most occasions.

2. It is supposed that the playwright is working at a new comedy.

3. It has been found that this mineral water is very good for the liver.

4. It happened that I was present at the opening session.

5. It turned out that the world-famous Moscow’s museums and galleries with their collections are some of the largest and most important in the world.

6. It is considered that these devices are very effective.

7. It was said that people had invented samovars in Central Asia.

№3 Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык, подчеркните герундий и укажите его форму:

1. The project for planning and building works in the city was established in 1968, basing on the instructions provided by Peter the Great.

2. Lisitsyn and his two sons were laboring in their free from making arms and ammunition on a rather unusual device.

3. Nearly all samovars have a four-legged square-shaped foundation. This keeps the samovar from damaging the furniture with its heat.

4. Charcoal-burning samovars are less common, and guests should be warned about the risk of scalding themselves.

№4 Перепишите и расположите по порядку:

a) предложения с инфинитивной конструкцией сложное подлежащее (Complex Subject)

b) предложения с инфинитивной конструкцией сложное дополнение (Complex Object)

c) предложения с независимой причастной конструкцией (Absolute Participial Construction)

Подчеркните конструкции и переведите предложения на русский язык:

1. The project abandoned, the leadership in this field passed to another institute.

2. I saw him do it several times.

3. Twenty minutes later he came out of number seven, pale, with his lips tightly compressed and an odd expression on his face.

4. The family suspected it and wanted to get him see a doctor.

5. He happens to work at the same problem.

6. Would you like me to do it?

7. This scientist is known to be keeping in touch with the latest developments in his field of research.

№5 Найдите ошибку в предложениях и исправьте ее (ошибка в использовании относительных местоимений). Перепишите исправленный вариант и переведите его на русский язык:

1. What was the name of the man whom phoned you?

2. I gave her money what I had.

3. The people work in the office are very nice.

4. The book is about a girl where runs away from home.

5. .Why do you blame me for everything who goes wrong?

6. They give their children everything which they want.

7. The place whose we spend our holiday was really beautiful.

№6 Перепишите следующие предложения. Укажите в них зависимый и независимый причастный оборот и переведите их на русский язык.

1. After many nations accreted the faith of Christ, many synods assembled throughout the world. Such there were throughout England, consisting of bishops and other competent councilors.

2. While waiting for you, I was looking through newspapers and magazines.

3. She often took care of my little sister giving me a possibility to play with other boys.

4. The questions of collective scientific discoveries have already been suggested that a solution of some urgent problems can be best achieved that way.

5. America was transformed in the two centuries from the first English settlement at Jamestown in 1607 to the beginning of the 19th century. From a series of isolated colonial settlements hugging to the Atlantic coast, America evolved into a new nation, born in revolution, and guided by a Constitution embodying the principles of democratic self-government.

6. Never having experienced such difficulties she was at a loss.

7. In relations with the Soviet Union, President Reagan's declared policy was one of peace through strength. Rooted in the Cold war tradition, he was determined to stand firm in dealing with the country he termed "the evil empire".

№7 Перепишите предложения, подчеркните в них герундиальный комплекс и переведите на русский язык.

1. Do you mind my waiting there?

2. I had no idea of your being there.

3. That was how the affair ended with Mr. Tupman being put to bed and the doctor being sent for.

4. He was disturbed by the children’s coming in.

5. She had overlooked the possibility of her father’s getting to know about the affair from the newspapers sooner than she could inform him.

№8 Прочитайте и письменно переведите 2, 3, 5 абзацы текста:

History of silk

1) The history of silk begins, according to Chinese tradition, in the 27th century BC. The Chinese were able to continue making it exclusively for three millennia without ever revealing the secret process whereby it was made. During the later epoch, the Chinese lost their secret as the Koreans, the Japanese, and later the Indians succeeded in discovering how to make silk.

2) In China, silk worm farming was originally restricted to women, and many women were employed in the silk-making industry. Even though some saw the development of a luxury product as useless, silk provoked such a craze among high society that the rules in the Li Ji were used to regulate and limit its use to the members of the imperial family. Peasants did not have the right to wear silk until the Qing dynasty (1644-1911). For approximately a millennium, the right to wear silk was reserved for the emperor and the highest dignitaries. Later, it gradually extended to other classes of Chinese society. Silk began to be used for decorative means and also in less luxurious ways: musical instruments, fishing, and bow-making.

3) Paper was certainly one of the greatest discoveries of China. Since the 3rd century BC, paper was made in all sizes with various materials. Silk workers had been making paper since the 2nd century BC. Silk, bamboo, linen, wheat and rice straw were all used differently, and paper made with silk became the first type of luxury paper Researchers. The material was certainly more expensive, but also more practical than bamboo. Treaties on many subjects (meteorology, medicine, astrology, divinity), and even maps written on silk have been discovered.

4) During the Han Dynasty, silk became progressively more valuable in its own right, and no longer simply a material. It was used to pay government officials and compensate citizens who were particularly worthy. The length of the silk cloth became a monetary standard in China. The wealth that silk brought to China stirred up envy in neighboring peoples. Silk was a common offering by the emperor to these tribes in exchange for peace. For more than one millennium, silk remained the principle diplomatic gift of the emperor of China to his neighbors or to his vassals.

The use of silk became so important that "silk" (纟) soon constituted one of the principal radicals of the Chinese alphabet.

5) Broadly speaking, the use of silk was regulated by a very precise code in China. For example, the Tang Dynasty imposed upon bureaucrats the use of a particular color according to their different functions in society. Under the Ming, silk began to be used in a series of accessories: handkerchiefs, wallets, belts, or even an embroidered piece of fabric displaying dozens of animals, real or mythical. These fashion accessories remained associated with a particular position: there was a specific bonnet for warriors, for judges, for nobles, and others for religious use.

6) A number of discoveries showed that silk was rapidly becoming a luxury material appreciated in foreign countries. Its role in commerce dates well before the opening of the silk road by the Chinese. The Silk Road toward the west was opened by the Chinese in the 2nd century A.D. The main road left from Beijing, going either to the north or south of the Taklamakan desert, one of the most arid in the world, before crossing the Pamir Mountains. The caravans that employed this method to exchange silk with other merchants were generally quite large, including from 100 to 500 people as well as camels and yaks carrying around 140 kg of merchandise.

№9 Прочитайте текст еще раз и ответьте на вопросы к нему:

1. Who worked in the silk-making industry?

2. Who could wear silk in China?

3. What was silk used for during the Han Dynasty?

4. When and where was the Silk Road opened?

№10 Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих слов и выражений и составьте свои предложения с ними:

(1) сумели, преуспели, (2) роскошный, (3) крестьяне, (4) в общих чертах

(5) для декоративных целей, (6) денежный стандарт, (7) вышитый кусочек ткани, (8) открытия, (9) навязать, (10) постепенно распространился

№11 Заполните таблицу существительными, глаголами и прилагательными, где возможно:

глагол	существительное	прилагательное
		valuable
	government
to value
		various
to differ	difference	different
	development
to provoke
		decorative
	success
to reserve

№12 Найдите в тексте антонимы к следующим словам:

(1) failed, (2) more, (3) native, (4) to finish, (5) cheap, (6) war, (7) civil, (8) found

(9) slowly, (10) workers