1. Read aloud and memorize the following words:

upsurge ['^psə:d3] — швидке піднесення; descendant [di'sendənt] — нащадок, потомок; surpass [sə:'pα:s] — пе­ревищувати; restlessly ['restlisli] — невгамовно; academi­cian [əֽkædə'misn] — академік; realm [relm] — галузь; alight [ə'lait] — спускатися, сідати, приземлятися; diri­gible ['dirid3əbl] — дирижабль; illustrious [i'l^striəs] — славетний, відомий; reverence ['revrəns] — шанування; Indomitable [in'domitəbl] — невгамовний.

2. Words and expressions for the text comprehension!

blessed land — благословенна земля; to go down in history - увійти в історію; well-being - добробут; from time immemorial — з незапам'ятній часів; pave the way (into) — прокладати шлях (в, до);

to stay away — залишатися; mode of life — спосіб життя; spare no efforts — не шкоду­вати зусиль; scientific exploit- науковий подвиг; to advance - рухатися вперед; to benefit — мати користь, виго­ду, давати корися..

Ukrainian names in world science

Part 1

Rich is Ukraine in talented people, men of genius, de­voted heart to their native land. Scientists and inventors, engineers and architects, singers and composers, writers and poets did their best to raise national science, culture, art to the highest world standards. They did it in and out of this country, within its borders and far away — in many parts of the whole wide world. The sons and daughters of this blessed land made an end­less row of contributions to other people's civilizations, stimulating their growth, enriching their spiritual world, raising their life standards and well-being. The Ukrainian people's cultural and economic ties with other nations went down in history for many centuries, they existed from time immemorial, growing, developing, strengthening, now on the upsurge.

Yuri Kotermak — named Drohobych after his native land,- a well-known astronomer, philosopher, Rector of Bologna University in the 15th century, was one_ of the first to pave the way into world science.

Historical events, tragic, dramatic, unforeseen and unfavorable for the gifted people's descendants made many Ukrainians either leave their Homeland, or stay away in other countries. Absorbing other nations culture and science, language and mode of life, Ukraine's intellectuals spared no effort to advance the peoples who sheltered them, gave them a chance to display their best natural qualities, let them contribute to the realm of knowledge and wisdom, America and Canada, Great Britain and Australia, Germany and France, Italy, as well as many other countries of East and West benefited and continue to benefit from Ukraine's descendants, from their strength of mind and intellect. Within their native land and outside its borders Ukrainian men of genius have been - restlessly making contributions to world science.

To mention but a few we shall remember the names of Stepan Tymoshenko in the USA whose works Strength of Materi and The History of the Strength of Materials have become textbooks for the and The History of the Strength of Materials have become textbooks for the generations of students, Ivan Puluy in Austro-Hungary and Czechoslovakia5 whose inventions preceded those of Wilhelm Roentgen, as well as many others. There were such Ukrainians in our land whose discoveries paved the way into outer space, whose inventions promoted the further steps in space exploration: — a hero of the 1812 War General Olexandr Zassyadko, a freedom fighter, member of Narodna Volya (People's Will) Mykola Kybalchych, Kostyantyn Tsiolkovsky whose ancestor was Severyn Nalyvaiko.

**3. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian paying atten­tion to the Predicate in the Present, Past, Future Perfect Passive Voice

1. Electronics has made a rapid progress. A further progress has been made in microwave systems. 2. When the designer came we had already installed new equipment. New equipment had been installed in our shop when the designer returned to the plant. 3. By the end of this week the students will have conducted all the experiments. By 8 o'clock all the experi­ments will have been conducted. 4. T he radar has been used for automatic control of automobiles. 5. The majority of valves have already been replaced with tiny transistors. 6. By the middle of the 19th century about 60 elements had been discovered. 7. By he end of t he year a large variety of semicon­ductor devices will have been produced.

**4. Put the Verbs in brackets in the required tense form and translate the sentences into Ukrainian.

1. We believed that we (can) get seats a first-class compartment.

2. I knew that Fred usually (to travel) second-class.

3. I hoped if I (to go) by the 10 o'clock train I (not to have to) change.

He didn't know that it (to be) to start.

We knew that the 2 o'clock train (to start) already and decided to go by the next train.

6. I didn't know that it (to be) a slow train.

7. We hoped that our friend (to be able) to come to the station in time.

8. I thought I (no to be able) to get to the station in 30 minutes and I (to

have) to take a taxi.

9. I knew that we (to have) to have a snack at the station as there (to

be) no buffet-car on the train.