Билет № 3

CORPORATION

A business corporation is an institution established for the purpose of making profit. It is operated by individuals. Their ownership is represented by stock certificates. A person who owns a stock certificate is called a stock-holder.

There are several advantages of the corporate form of ownership. The first is the ability to attract financial resources. The next advantage is that the corporation attracts a large amount of capital which it can invest in plants, equipment and research. And the third advantage is that a corporation can offer higher salaries and thus attract talented managers and specialists. The privately owned business corporation is one type of corporation. There are some other types too. Educational, religious, charitable institutions can also incorporate. Usually such corporation does not issue stock and is nonprofit. If there is a profit it is reinvested in the institution rather than distributed to private stockholders.

1. to establish - учреждать

2. stock certificate – акция

3. to attract – привлекать

4. to issue stock – выпускать акции

5. to reinvest – вкладывать еще раз

6. rather than – а не

7. to distribute – распределять, выдавать

Answer the following questions:

1. What is a corporation?

2. What are the advantages of the corporate form of ownership?

3. Do all corporations issue stocks?

4. What world-known corporations do you know?

Билет № 4

HIRING

An employer has several options to consider when he wants to hire a new employee. First of all, he may look within his own company. But if he can’t find anybody suitable for the position, he will have to look outside the company. If there is a personnel office in the company, he can ask them to help him to find a qualified applicant. The employer can also use another valuable sources, for example, employment agencies, consulting firms. He can also advertize in a newspaper or in a magazine and request candidates to send in resumes.

The employer has two sets of qualifications to consider if he wants to choose from among the applicants. He must consider professional qualifications and personal characteristics. A candidate’s education, experience and skills are included in his professional qualifications. These can be listed on a resume. Personal characteristics must be evaluated through interviews.

1. to hire – нанимать на работу

2. an option – выбор

3. an employer – работодатель

4. an employee – служащий

5. to be suitable for the position – соответствовать должности, подходить на должность

6. personnel office – отдел кадров

7. an applicant – кандидат на должность

8. employment agency – агентство по найму

9. to advertize – разместить рекламу

10. two sets of qualifications – два вида характеристик

Answer the following questions:

1. How can an employer hire a new employee?

2. In what way can new employees be found outside one’s company?

3. What qualifications does an employer consider in choosing an employee?

4. How can an employer evaluate personal characteristics?