2. Agree or disagree using the clichеs.

I think you are right. I think you are wrong.

I agree with you. I don't agree with you.

That's right. That's not quite right.

1. Transportation is an important aspect in the total tourist in­dustry.

2. During the 18th century railroads that spread across Europe, North America and many other parts of the world formed the first successful system of mass transportation.

3. In the second half of the 20th century the automobile has re­placed the railroad for most local travel.

4. By 1900 steamships were used for carrying passengers.

5. For long-distance travel, the airplane has replaced the rail­road and the ship as the principal carrier.

6. The railroads have lost much of their business on short-dis­tance routes.

7. Motor buses have replaced railroad passenger service on many local routes.

8. The tourists can take advantage of car ferries across the Eng­lish Channel or the Strait of Gibraltar.

9. There are three kinds of airline operations.

10. A nonscheduled airline operates according to the timetable.

11. A scheduled airline is, in other words, a charter operation that rents its aircraft to fly when and where the service is de­sired.

12. IT means inclusive tour, a tour package that offers transpor­tation, accommodations, and often other conveniences.

13. Charter inclusive tours are sold at higher fares than the inclu­sive tours on the scheduled airlines.

3. Answer the questions.

1. What part does transportation play in the tourism industry?

2. When did railroads spread?

3. When were steamships developed?

4. Why have railroads and ships lost much of their business?

5. What means of transportation has become the principal car­rier for long distance travel?

6. Why are cars the most popular means of transportation?

7. Why do ships play an important part in tourism?

8. What is a cruise?

9. What is a car ferry?

10. What are the two kinds of airline operations?

11. What is the difference between scheduled and nonscheduled airlines?

12. What does IT stand for?

13. What does CIT mean?

4. Speak on the problems.

1. The history of transportation development.

2. The most important means of transportation today.

3. Different kinds of airline operations and special air fares.

4. Sea transportation.

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1. Read and translate text 1.

Text 1

Food service

Food services are a feature of hotels. The typical modern "package I hotel" includes a restaurant, a cafe shop for quicker and less expensive meals, and a bar or cocktail lounge. Many larger hotels have several restaurants, often featuring different kinds of foods, as well as different j prices. Hotels provide room service — food and drink that are brought I to the guest's room In addition, catering service is usually provided in j the hotel's recreational areas. The poolside bar and snack bar for quick food are normal part of the service at a resort hotel.

Food, in fact, may be one of the reasons why people travel Many people go out of their way to visit France; for example, be­cause of the gourmet meals those are served there. Similarly, the ex­cellent restaurants of Hong Kong constitute one of its principal tourist attractions.

The range of food service in hotels and restaurants today is ex­tensive. In the first category, there are restaurants offering the high­est grade of service with a full a la carte menu. These include dishes served by the waiter from a trolley in the dinning-room and are known as gueridon service. The gueridon waiter has to cook special­ity dishes at the table.

A second type of service is silver w here the menu can be either a la carte or table d'hote. In this system, the food is prepared in the kitchen and then put on to silver plates and presented to the guests in the dinning-room.

A third form of table service is plate service. The waiter receives the meal already plated from the service hotplate and only has to plate it in front of the guest. Plate service is offered where speedy service is necessary.

In a fourth type of service, called self-service, a customer collects a tray from the service counter, chooses his dishes and selеcts the appropriate cutlery for the meal.

Today, with increasing needs for economy, many establishments usually prefer a variety of types of service. Tourist hotels, for example, frequently offer a combination of self-service and plate service for breakfast and another combination of self-service and silver service for luncheon.