7. Переведите на английский язык следующие словосочетания:

1. Цикл положительной обратной связи

2. Мандат для доступа к объекту системы

3. Доступ

4. Интеллектуальная база данных

5. Контроль ID

6. Обработка звука (голоса)

7. Полоса частот

8. Сходимость

9. Уровень аппаратного обеспечения

10. Прикладной уровень

11. Прекращение процесса

12. Нанометры

13. Повсеместная компьютеризация

14. Встроенные системы

15. Продвигать

16. Новое поколение

17. Человеческий мозг

18. Максимально

19. Выделять, сортировать

20. Виртуальная среда

8. Установите соответствие между данными словосочетаниями и дефинициями:

1. quantum bits

2. DNA biochip

3. embedded

4. user interface

5. MIPS

1. a microchip made with organic materials

2. the speed at which the CPU processes instruction

3. the device or program used to interact with a computer

4. subatomic particles used in quantum computers

fixed, integrated

9. Прочтите текст и выполните упражнение после текста:

_{Future trends}

А. Smaller and faster

Nanotechnology, the science of creating and using materials or devices at molecular and atomic sizes, is going to represent a new technological revolution. These devices will fall in the range of 1 nanometer, which is equal to one billionth of a meter, to 100 nanometers (nm).

Nanobots, robots formed from molecules or molecular components, will be used in medicine to control and diagnose diseases. For example, they will be injected and will move through blood vessels destroying cholesterol molecules or cancer.

Nanocomputers, molecule-sized computers, may have the power of 100 workstations but only be the size of a grain of sand. There will be two main types of molecular computers:

• Quantum computers, based on quantum mechanics, may be millions of times faster than current computers. They will be so fast because they will be able to examine all possible answers to a query at the same time. This capability is made possible by qbits, quantum bits, which can be 0 or 1, or something in between, simultaneously. DNA computers will use DNA biochips to perform the same functions as silicon microchips do today but at a much faster speed.

10. Прочтите отрывки и замените выделенные слова словами из текста а:

• Computers everywhere: human-centered technologies

• The relationship between people and computers will be closer.

• Computers will be embedded, or hidden, in a variety of items. For example, we’ll have wearable computers that 'will be embedded in a belt or a piece of jewellery, etc.

• User interfaces, the systems that facilitate communication between people and computers, will resemble human communication. There will be gesture interfaces based on facial-hand recognition systems.

• ICT devices will be mobile and multimedia: we'll watch mobile TV programmes on our phones, which 'will also access the Internet and work as a mobile office.

• Computer chips can be injected under the skin RFID, radio-frequency identification tags, might be used to track or identify people or to store information, such as medical data, although there are concerns about privacy and personal safety.

• In the near future well be able to swim in the immersive Internet, a technology that will change the two-dimensional world of the Internet into a 3-D experience with three-dimensional sound and images and even the sense of touch.

• By the year 2040 there might be intelligent robots, machines that will be able to think creatively. The processing power of computers may have reached 1.000.000.000 MIPS (millions of instructions per second), the estimated speed of human thought.

1. A computer of this type is a molecular computer that works biochemically. It 'computes' using enzymes that cause chain reactions.

2. In a computer of this type, data is processed by exploiting the strange qualities of quantum physics; the building blocks of computation are not transistors but caged atoms or qbits.

3. It has the potential to revolutionize the way we live, from creating miniaturized 'Star Trek'-like electronic gadgets to delivering medicines to specific places within the human body.

4. The government plans to fund a study examining the feasibility of molecule-sized robotic devices that would position atoms to build complex substances and products.

5. Scientists at an Israeli institute have developed a very small one - so small that a trillion of its kind fit into a test tube.