Text 3 The Moscow Academy

The history of the Moscow Law Academy of the Ministry of Home Affairs of the Russian Federation started in 1975 when a higher law school was founded and the first cadets enrolled. Some time later the school developed into the institute and in the late 90ies it became the Academy.

The Academy has a very highly qualified staff of teachers and lecturers many of whom have wide practical experience. The students of the Academy study such subjects as Civil Law, Criminal Law, Criminalistics, Crime Psychology and many others. Regular lectures, seminars, classes and training are offered to the students of the Academy.

Some students specialize in law; others choose crime detection or crime investigation. The graduates of the Academy work in various militia and related services.

The Academy is doing its best to make its students skilled professionals to cope with all the tasks they may face in future.

Exercise 1. Answer the questions to the text.

1. When was the Moscow Law Academy started?

2. What was the Academy called at that time?

3. What subjects do the students study?

4. What specializations do the students choose?

5. Where do the graduates work?

6. Are the graduates well-trained?

Exercise 2. Choose the proper words to complete the sentences.

related various skilled qualified regular wide

1. The Academy has a very highly………….. staff.

2. Most teachers and lecturers have a………… practical experience.

3. ……….lectures, seminars, classes and training are offered to the students.

4. The graduates of the Academy work in ………. militia and …………. services.

5. The Academy is doing its best to make its students ………… professionals.

Text 4

In the USA

Higher education for police practitioners in the United States initiated by August Vollmer, who was Chief of the police of Berkley, California in 1909 – 1932. Vollmer is often called the “father of modern law enforcement”. He had little formal education, or practically an elementary school education. And most probably he did not think that it was the right thing for a policeman.

August Vollmer proposed the recruitment of college educated police officers. So soon police modernization began in the USA and the policemen were nicknamed “college cops”.

After August Vollmer retired from the Berkley Police Department, he was appointed Professor of Police Administration at two universities, the University of California at Berkley and the University of Chicago. Vollmer lectured and traveled much to other colleges of higher education speaking about professionalism of policemen. His most notable contribution to the police profession was the promotion of the idea of higher education for police officers.

Now all American police recruits are to have Bachelor’s degrees at least.

Exercise 1. Answer the questions to the text.

1. Who initiated higher education for police officers?

2. When did he live?

3. What education did he have?

4. Why are policemen in the USA called college corps?

5. What did Vollmer do to emphasize the necessity of education for policemen?

6. What degree at least should a policeman have?