80. 1) a site analysis; 2) needs and desires; 3) activity areas; 4) a house floor plan; 5) outside dimensions; 6) scale; 7) T-square; 8) triangle; 9) working surface; 10) drafting paper.

81. a) потребности и желания; b) рейсшина; с) чертежная бумага; d) зоны активного отдыха; е) архитектурный план дома; f) масштаб; g) анализ участка; h) треугольник; к) наружные измерения; т) рабочая поверхность.

82. 4. Explain what a plot plan is and what it is for.

83. ТЕХТЗ

84. Read the text and retell it in Russian.

85. Looking ahead

86. In practice, a good design will look ahead. You would like a water feature, so you should plan a layout with a safe sandpit or play area or lawn that will later become a pool when the children are older. You would like a herbaceous border against a sunny wall but can't devote enough time to it yet, so for the time being you could plant low-maintenance ground cover or lawn. You plan a shrubbery or 'wild' area until you have the time and money to build a summerhouse.

87. Don't rush things at any stage. It is a good idea to allow plenty of time for quietly gathering your thoughts about the project as a whole, and making sure that you come up with as comprehensive a statement of requirements as possible. You need time to mull over the list of your ideas and needs.

88. Time is also useful in getting to know what the site has to offer. An established garden - even one whose design you dislike - can contain all sorts of hidden treasures. Horticultural gems may lurk under the soil waiting for the appropriate time of year to show themselves, or a rather dull plant will suddenly transform itself into a glorious mass of flowers or autumn colour. A wait-and-see policy is recommended where there might very well be something worth

90. tsut deiav is also vaiuaoie *o^r tzcinnw in know <mv siic. even a bare one. You have to live in a house before you really know its advantages and disadvantages, and in the same way, only time will reveal the full potential that a site has to offer. Changing weather conditions might make you realize that you need to provide shelter from wind or noise coming from a particular quarter. New seasons can present radical differences in the amounts of sunshine or shade in particular corners of the garden, and this will certainly be taken into account when you plan the siting of any seating area, and influences the choice of plants

91. too. Deciduous trees seen in winter without their foliage may suddenly seem inadequate as a screen, making you decide to plan to replace them with evergreens or supplement them with a fence; on the other hand, you might find you like the extra light better than the ieafy summer canopy, and after due deliberation decide to do away with them.

1. Reproduce the text as a dialogue. Work in pairs.

2. Luok iiiiougii ihe text again and give the main point*? «_».•" paragraph in English.

3. Find the English equivalents in the text for the following Russian wf. f(\—охшТТш bin arsons:

92. I) листопадные деревья; 2) меняющиеся погодные условия; 3) построить дачу; 4) принимать во внимание; 5) вечнозеленые растения; 6) подходящее время года; 6) скрываться в земле; 7) после соответствующего размышления; 8) обеспечить защиту от ветра; 9) выжидательная стратегия; 10) преимущества и недостатки.

93. TEXT 4

94. Before reading the text tell your groupmates what you know about plant selection for landscape design.

95. Plant Selection and Placement

1. Plant selection is the last step in the design process. Up until this point, plant form, texture, color and size have been visualized, but now a name must be assigned to each plant. Plants are selected on the basis of climatic adaptability to the microclimate of the location, plant architecture and availability.

2. No matter how well a plant meets the physical characteristics for a location, if it is not adaptable to the conditions there, it will fail. These microclimate conditions include sun intensity and duration, soil conditions, rainfall, air circulation and temperature. Some plants perform better in partial or full shade than in full sun. The length of daily exposure to a particular light level also influences plant responses. Soil pH, soluble salts level and drainage

3. properties influence plant adaptability greatly. Plants can be selected to tolerate varied soil conditions, but the designer must have a working knowledge of available plant materials.

3. Some locations in a landscape may be characterized by little or no air movement. Plants susceptible to mites, scales and other insects will usually be attacked more severely in areas with poor air circulation. Also locations in the landscape differ as to the maximum or minimum temperatures and daily fluctuation between these extremes. Plants can be selected to tolerate one or more of these conditions.

4. Plant architecture consists of form, size, texture and color. Plant form is classified as columnar, upright, spreading, broad spreading and prostrate. Plants should be selected on the basis of their mature size or a size at which thev can be maintained easily. Texture is referred to as fine, medium or coarse. It is determined by branching habit, leaf size and shape, leaf arrangement, leaf color and leaf surface texture (dull or glossy). Plant color is determined by the foliage, flowers and/or fruits. Knowledge of a plant's seasonal color variations is essential.

5. Landscape designers must also be aware of insect and disease problems for plants they expect to include in a plan. Desirable plants are those resistant to or tolerant of pests like mites, scale, nematodes, borers, root rots, powdery mildew, wilts, galls, blights, and leaf spots. Plants in some locations must be tolerant of human abuse, air pollution and animals.