10. Раскройте скобки, употребив Indefinite или Perfect Participle I. Переведите.

1. (To write) out all the words, I started to learn them. 2. (To buy) food, they left supermarket. 3. (to bark) dog doesn’t bite. 4. She entered the room (to smile). 5. (To drink) coffee she was talking to her friend. 6. (To find) the keys, we were able to open the door. 7. (To make) the report, Tom left the room. 8. (To see) her he raised his hat. 9. My task (to finish), I went to bed. 10. While (to learn) the pronunciation of the words we learned their meaning.

§ 3. Participle II (Причастие II)

Ved/V3

Причастие II, или причастие прошедшего времени, образуется от инфинитива глагола путем добавления -ed, если глагол правильный, и изменением основы, если глагол неправильный (см. 3-ю форму в таблице неправильных глаголов). В русском языке ему соответствуют причастия, оканчивающиеся на -нный, -тый, -мый и др.

to ask - asked «спрошенный», «спрашиваемый»

to buy - bought «купленный», « покупаемый»

to take - taken «взятый»

to discuss - discussed «обсуждаемый», «обсужденный», «обсуждавшийся»

Причастие II может выступать в предложении как определение и обстоятельство.

Определение:

1. The article translated yesterday was more difficult. - Статья, приведенная вчера, была труднее.

2. The letters written by the manager are on your table. - Письма, написанные менеджером, находятся на вашем столе.

Обстоятельство:

1. When asked he told us everything. - Когда его спросили, он нам все рассказал. (досл.: когда спрошенный)

2. If heated water boils. - При нагревании вода кипит. (досл.: если нагреваемая)

Grammar exercises

11. Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на причастие прошедшего времени.

1. He doesn’t like boiled milk. 2. I remember well his words said at the meeting. 3. We don’t like the book bought last week. 4. The stolen things were returned to the owner. 5. Asked about this event, he replied nothing. 6. The explanation given was not complete. 7. When burnt, coal produces heat. 8. The results received were of great importance for the further work. 9. When reconstructed the theatre looked more beautiful than before. 10. She showed us a list of the newly published books.

12. Раскройте скобки, употребив причастие прошедшего времени. Переведите.

1. The letter (to write) by him was very long. 2. We are interested in the goods (to produce) by this factory. 3. She didn’t understand the word (to say) by him. 4. He didn’t see the things (to keep) in her box. 5. I don’t like the video (to buy) yesterday. 6. This is the house (to build) many years ago. 7. The question (to put) to the professor was important. 8. When (to offer) to work abroad, he refused. 9. The article on agriculture (to publish) in this magazine was written by Smith. 10. You can get the book (to recommend) by our teacher in the library. 11. When (to use) for building purposes, concrete is very important. 12. When (to complete) the new building will accommodate 3000 students.

13. Переведите следующие словосочетания на русский язык, сравнивая значения Participle I и Participle II в функции определения.

1. importing countries; imported materials. 2. exploiting classes; exploited classes. 3. increasing production; increased productivity. 4. developing industry; highly developed industry. 5. a writing boy; the written letter. 6. a burning house; the burnt paper. 7. translating students; translated sentences. 8. the answering girl; an unanswered letter. 9. an opened window; the boy opening the window. 10. the ruined cities; cities ruined by the war; the war ruining our cities.

14. Образуйте причастие I и II от следующих глаголов, среди которых есть правильные и неправильные глаголы. Переведите их на русский язык.

to ask, to tell, to know, to help, to make, to choose, to teach, to answer, to find, to found, to read, to wash, to meet, to take, to give, to translate, to cross, to receive, to begin, to do, to leave, to say, to ruin.

15. Определите формы и синтаксические функции причастий. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

I

1. The article translated by Petrov is full of mistakes.

2. While translating this article he used a dictionary.

3. Having translated the article he showed it to the teacher.

4. The student, translating this article, has a good knowledge of English.

5. The book being translated now by our teacher is one of the latest works of Fedin.

6. Having been translated, the article was given to the chief editor (главный редактор).

II

1. The rising moon is beautiful.

2. While talking to the man she remembered that she had met him before.

3. Being told of his arrival, I went to see him.

4. Having broken the umbrella I decided to buy a new one.

5. Having been written the letter was sent to the manager.

6. The sleeping child was smiling in his sleep.

7. If asked he will explain everything.

8. Being busy he refused an invitation.

9. Being late he had to excuse himself.

10. Books read in childhood seem like old friends.

11. I have looked through the list of prices sent.