III. Find differences and similarities of the structures in bold. Give the Russian equivalents of the following sentences.

a. He does not like being told what to do.

Telling the truth helps everybody.

b. He likes being asked for his expert advice.

The initial difficulties of asking for the necessary information were overcome.

c. He was charged with having committed plagiarism.

Committing a bill always leads to difficulties.

d. He was afraid of being informed about system failure.

Informing the team on time leads to a more effective work.

e. Not knowing what to do, they stopped the process.

I know every research in the field that is worth being known.

f. There is no hope of his finishing the project on time.

I called him to say about my having completed the project.

IV. Find the Gerund, define its features. Give the Russian equivalents of the following sentences.

1. The user selects the commands by simply looking at the blinking arrows on the screen. 2. Using video cameras, the robot studies its surroundings before planning its movements. 3. This new method shakes up conventions, but is definitely helping children to learn better, because at this age touching is one of their most developed senses and comes naturally. 4. Apple had initially been accused of infringing on six patents for iPhone-related technology covering everything from reducing signal noise to programming the device’s touch screen so a user’s head does not accidentally activate it while talking on the phone. 5. The potential is boundless, according to some educational specialists, they see it as a way of providing students in the developing world with access to the international educational ladder. 6. This rapidly expanding method is catching on, but with a high drop-out rate is it really up to replacing the on-campus experience? 7. Conceptually it’s possible for you to organise your life in such a way as you can move around all the things you might want to do without having to stand in a queue line, and you can do that from your sitting room. 8. I don’t think we are going to see education becoming nothing but playing digital games, but I don’t think you can do education with just one method. 9. So they are wanting to find an egg, help it to hatch and look after it so that the creature can grow, which transfers to real life nurturing skills such as looking after a pet or young children at home. 10. Learning from playing computer games is not only for school children. In Germany lots of different people benefit from games, including students, people with special needs and even adult professionals. 11. After all, the concept – creating flexible electronics and assembling them on equally flexible plastic – has been touted since the 1960s, when the first flexible solar cell arrays appeared. 12. Controlling the TV without a remote would eliminate the need to look for it.

V. Find the Gerund, define its functions. Give the Russian equivalents of the following sentences.

1. Using this technique gives you more flexibility. 2. Typing text messages on a mobile phone via the tiny soft keyboard is very cumbersome. 3. A user can navigate through various on-screen menus by simply focusing attention on the commands. 4.  Researchers also expect the system to contribute to reducing up to 30 percent of CO2 emissions from sports facilities. 5. Zach helped develop «A Slower Speed of Light», a videogame which explains the theory of relativity by enabling gamers to experience it. 6. Many countries have not only started using computer games in the classroom, but are also encouraging students to build their own games, even at a very young age. 7. New ways of interacting with computers have proliferated in recent years with technology like touch screens, motion-sensing and eye-tracking.