3. Прочитайте следующие высказывания. Исправьте неверные высказывания в соответствие с содержанием текста.

1. Very few people know about the link between smoking and heart disease.

2. The governments of most countries see evil when the subject of smoking is raised.

3. Most governments have taken stubborn measures concerning smoking.

4. Cigarette advertising was banned on TV in Britain.

5. Governments paid great attention to problems of smoking.

6. Governments collect much money from smokers in the form of tax.

7. Timid measures against smoking are regarded to be a useful policy.

8. Much money is spent on cancer research.

9. It would be much better if smoking is banned altogether.

10. All the countries are ready to ban smoking altogether.

11. Advertising of tobacco industry is insidious and dishonest.

12. It is really manly and healthy to smoke.

4. Заполните пропуски следующими словами:

facilities commodity conduct harmful banned manly cancer

link suffering timid drastic protect advertise public

1. There is a definite ….. between smoking and lung cancer.

2. A few governments have taken ….. measures against smoking.

3. Advertising of cigarettes was ….. on British television.

4. Tobacco is a wonderful ….. to tax.

5. Educational ….. are paid by taxes on tobacco.

6. The government point out that smoking is probably ….. but don’t shout about it.

7. Great sums of money are spent on …… research.

8. Much money is paid to cure people ….. from cancer.

9. Countries are not ready for …… actions against smoking.

10. We hope the governments will ….. aggressive anti-smoking campaigns.

11. Tobacco industry will be banned to ….. its products.

12. The advertisements show it is …… to smoke.

13. Smoking should be banned in all …… places.

14. If government acted courageously they could ….. us from ourselves.

5. Прокомментируйте следующие высказывания:

1. The best way to give up smoking is to carry wet matches.

2. To cease smoking is the easiest thing I ever did. I ought to know because I’ve done it a thousand times.

3. Man is his own worst enemy.

4. There is no little enemy.

5. Always forgive your enemies. Nothing annoys them so much.

6. It is a sin to believe in evil of others, but it is seldom a mistake.

6. Объясните, почему правительству невыгодно принимать жёсткие меры против курения.

7. Напишите 5-7 вопросов по содержанию текста и задайте их своим сокурсникам.

8. Сформулируйте основную мысль каждого абзаца.

9. Напишите краткую аннотацию текста, используя фразы:

Link between; timid measures; tax revenue; educational facilities; short-sighted policy; aggressive anti-smoking campaign; could protect.

Раздел 3.3.

1. Прочитайте текст и определите его основную идею:

Believe it or not, the Swiss were once a warlike people. There is still evidence of this. To this day, the guards at the Vatican are Swiss. But the Swiss discovered long ago that constant warfare brought them nothing but suffering and poverty. They adopted a policy of neutrality, and while the 5 rest of the world seethed in turmoil, Switzerland, a country with hardly any natural resources, enioyed peace and prosperity. The rest of the world is still not ready to accept this simple and obvious solution. Most countries not only maintain permanent armies but require all their young men to do a period of compulsory military service. Everybody has a lot to say about

the desirability of peace, but no one does anything about it. An obvious thing to do would be to abolish conscription everywhere. This would be the first step towards universal peace.

Some countries, like Britain, have already abandoned peace-time conscription. Unfortunately, they haven't done so for idealistic reasons,

but from a simple recognition of the fact that modern warfare is a highly professional business. In the old days, large armies were essential. There was strength in numbers; ordinary soldiers were cannon fodder. But in these days of inter-continental ballistic missiles, of push-button warfare and escalation, unskilled manpower has become redundant. In a mere two years or so, you can't hope to train conscripts in the requirements and conditions of modern warfare. So why bother? Leave it to the professionals!

There are also pressing personal reasons to abolish conscription. It is most unpleasant in times of peace for young men to grow up with the threat of military service looming over their heads. They are deprived of two of the best and most formative years of their lives. Their careers and studies are disrupted and sometimes the whole course of their lives is altered. They spend at least two years in the armed forces engaged in activities which do not provide them with any useful experience with regard to their future work. It can't even be argued that what they learn might prove valuable in a national emergency. When they leave the services, young men quickly forget all the unnecessary information about warfare which they were made to acquire. It is shocking to think that skilled and unskilled men are often nothing more than a source of cheap labour for the military.

Some people argue that military service 'does you good'. 'Two years in the army,' you hear people say, 'will knock some sense into him.' The opposite is usually the case. Anyone would resent being pushed about and bullied for two years, all in the name of 'discipline'. The military mind requires uniformity and conformity. People who do not quite fit into this brutal pattern suffer terribly and may even emerge with serious personality disorders. There are many wonderful ways of spending two years. Serving in the armed forces is not one of them!

2. Озаглавьте текст. Дайте не менее трёх вариантов заголовка.

3. Письменно переведите текст со словарём.

4. Напишите небольшую заметку (10-12 предложений) на тему:

а) “Government actions to reduce accidents” б) “Advertising of cigarettes”