VI. Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice.

E.g. Mother waters the flowers in the evening. — The flowers are watered in the evening (by Mother).

1. You must take the box to the station.

2. You can cross the river on a raft.

3. The workers can finish the building of the house very soon.

4. You must return the books the day after tomorrow.

5. You must do three of these exercises tomorrow.

6. You can find the book you need in any library.

7. We must send these letters at once.

8. 1 can easily forgive this mistake.

VII. Передайте следующие повелительные предложения в косвенной речи.

1. Peter said to them: "Don't leave the room until I come back."

2. "Take my luggage to Room 145," he said to the porter.

3. He said to me: "Ring me up tomorrow."

4. "Bring me a cup of black coffee," she said to the waiter.

5. "Don't be late for dinner," said mother to us.

VIII. Передайте следующие повествовательные предложения в косвенной речи.

1. She said to me: "Now I can read your translation."

2. Our teacher said: "Thackeray's novels are very interesting."

3. She said: "You will read this book in the 9th form."

4. Nellie said: "I read "Jane Eyre" last year."

5. "My friend lives in Moscow," said Alec.

6. "You have not done your work well," said the teacher to me.

7. The poor man said to the rich man: "My horse is wild. It can kill your horse."

8. The rich man said to the judge: "This man's horse has killed my horse."

IX. Восстановите прямую речь в следующих предложениях.

1. I told my sister that she might catch cold.

2. He told me he was ill.

3. She told Mike that she had done that.

Вариант 4

I. Прочитайте текст. Переведите текст письменно на русский язык 1,3,5,7,9,10 абзацы.

1. The layer covering the Earth like a blanket is called the atmosphere. It is made of very stuff called air. Air is thin you hardly know it's there. But it’s all around us. Really, we live at the bottom of a very deep “ocean of air”.

2. Air gets thinner and thinner as you go up. There’s enough air to breathe at the top of mt. Everest (five miles above sea level), but getting there is hard work! Most climbers have used breathing apparatus on their way up. By the time you get to 50 miles above sea level, there’s practically no air left. The air doesn’t stop suddenly, however, so its impossible to say exactly how deep the atmosphere is.

3. Air is not a single substance. It's made of a number of gases all mixed together. It’s impossible to stop gases mixing together. They mix together. They mix together spontaneously. So a gas that escapes from the Earth becomes a part of the atmosphere. Scientists believe that the atmosphere has changed a very great deal since the Earth was first formed. At first, the atmosphere may have been made up of gases like ammonia, methane, carbon dioxide and water vapor. Later, the first early forms of life developed and gradually more and more oxygen was added to the atmosphere. Nowadays the main gases in the air are oxygen and nitrogen.

4. You can easily perform experiments in the laboratory to find out about the air, for example, to prove that it’s a mixture rather than a single substance, or find out how much oxygen there is in it. These experiments usually involve getting the oxygen to combine with another substance. In other words, to get rid of the oxygen altogether a chemical reaction is used.

5. There are plenty of ways to do this because oxygen is a very reactive gas. For instance, burning and rusting are two kinds of chemical change that use up oxygen.

6. The main gas left after removing oxygen is nitrogen. In fact, nearly all of the remainder (about four – fifths) is nitrogen. To put this another way, 78 percent of the air is nitrogen.

7. Apart from oxygen and nitrogen, there are only small amounts of other gases in the air. One of them is carbon dioxide. Another of the minor constituents of the air is water vapor. Ordinary air always contains some of it. The best way to show that there is water vapor in the air in the laboratory is to condense the water. This can be done by cooling the air. Altogether there’s not much of either water vapor or carbon dioxide in the air, both of them are very important.

8. So far we’ve mentioned oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and water vapor. Are these the only gases in the air? The answer is “no”, but its hard to prove.

9. Evidence for other gases in the air came towards the end of the 19th century (a long time after oxygen and nitrogen had been sorted out). The work leading to their discovery was an investigation into the density of nitrogen.

10. Unlike oxygen, nitrogen is very uncreative. So its difficult to do experiments to remove nitrogen from the air. But its quite easy to take the oxygen, carbon dioxide and water vapor out of the air practically leaving nitrogen alone. This nitrogen might be called “atmospheric nitrogen”.

11. The main gas that “contaminates” the atmospheric nitrogen is argon. Being a very inert gas, its used for filling electric light bulbs.

II. Ответьте письменно на вопросы к тексту:

1. Why can’t you know that there is air around us?

2. Why it is impossible to say how deep the atmosphere is?

3. What was the atmosphere made up first?

4. What experiments can be made in the laboratory to find out about air?

5. What can you say about carbon dioxide and it’s importance?

III. Подберите к следующим словам и выражениям английские эквиваленты из текста:

слой

вещество

упоминать

загрязнять

улетучиваться

выяснить

доказать

перемешанный

горение

ржаветь

кислород

азот

аргон

инертный

углекислый газ

охлаждение

смесь

IV. Найдите в тексте синонимы следующих слов:

Pollute, to delete, matter, corrosion, amalgam, uncreative

V. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующимся времени активного залога.

1. Lanny (to return) home after seven years of absence. During these seven years he (to study) in Cape Town where his people (to send) him. Lanny was glad at the thought that he (to do) what they (to hope) he (to do) and that soon he (to be) among his people again.

2. At last the librarian (to give) me the book which I (to wait) for during two months. I was very glad. I (to go) home and (to begin) reading it at once.

3. Don't speak to him: he (to be) very busy, he (to do) some very urgent work.

4. I did not want him to go there: I (to be) afraid that something (to happen).

5. 1 did not notice that my watch (to stop), and when I (to arrive) at the station, my train (to leave) and I (to have) to ask when the next train (to come).

6. He (to wait) for fifteen minutes when at last he (to see) her at the end of the platform.

7. By the end of the year he (to read) about two hundred pages.

8. We were happy when the sun (to rise), for the night (to be) very cold.