III. Oral practice.

Discussion points.

1. Two categories of a network.

2. The use of the Internet.

3. The World Wide Web is a part of the Internet.

IV. Reading and translation.

Exercise 7. Read the following text and translate it with a dictionary in writing.

The Internet

The Internet is a computer-based worldwide information network. The Internet has made it possible for people all over the world to effectively and inexpensively communicate with each other. Unlike traditional broadcasting media, such as radio and television, the Internet is a decentralized system. Each connected individual can communicate with anyone else on the Internet, can publish ideas, and can sell products with a minimum overhead cost. In the future, the Internet may have a dramatic impact on higher education and business as more universities offer courses and more companies offer goods and services online.

From the late 1960s to the early 1990s, the Internet was a communication and research tool used almost exclusively for academic and military purposes. This changed radically with the introduction of the World Wide Web (also called the WWW, or W3) in 1989. The WWW is a set of programs, standards, and protocols governing the way in which multimedia files (documents that may contain texts, photographs, graphics, video, and audio) are created and displayed on the Internet.

Individuals, companies, and institutions use the Internet in many ways. Businesses use the Internet to provide access to complex databases, such as financial databases. Companies can carry out commerce online, including advertising, selling, buying, distributing products, and providing after-sales services. Businesses and institutions can use the Internet for voice and video conferencing and other forms of communication that allow people to telecommute, or work from a distance. The most widely used tool on the Internet is electronic mail (e-mail). E-mail is used to send written messages between individuals or groups of individuals, often geographically separated by large distances. The use of electronic mail (e-mail) over the Internet has greatly speeded communication between companies, among co-workers, and between other individuals. A very convenient and inexpensive way to transmit messages, e-mail has dramatically affected scientific, personal, and business communications.

The issue of business being conducted over the Internet raises important security issues. Companies doing business over the Internet must have very sophisticated security measures in place so that information such as credit card, bank account, and social security numbers cannot be accessed by unauthorized users.

Unit 5 Hardware

I. Language

Vocabulary

Hardware	Апаратні засоби
Input hardware	Апаратні засоби вхідного пристрою
Processing hardware	Апаратні засоби процесора
Storage hardware	Апаратні засоби запам’ятовувального пристрою (пристрою зберігання)
Output hardware	Апаратні засоби вихідного пристрою
Computer processing	Комп’ютерна обробка
Keyboard	Клавіатура
Mouse pad	Килимок для мишки
To push	Проштовхувати
Light pen	Світлове перо
Typeset	Пристрій для набору
To retrieve	Шукати
RAM (random access memory)	Оперативна пам’ять ОЗУ, пристрій з довільною вибіркою
Volatile memory	Енергозалежний запам’ятовувальний пристрій
To load	Завантажувати
ROM (read only memory)	Постійний запам’ятовувальний пристрій
Filing	Запис у файл
Floppy disk	Гнучкий диск
Digitized read only data	Цифрові дані доступні тільки для читання
Hardcopy	Документальна копія, роздрук
Communication hardware	Апаратні засоби зв’язку
Softcopy	Зображення на екрані дисплея