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15. Obligation, prohibition, permission (past)

A daughter (D) is asking her mother (M) about her life when she was young. Use expressions of obligation, prohibition and permission in the past to complete the dialogue below.

D: When you were young (1 wear) were you

allowed to wear make-up?

M: No, certainly not. Not until I was about 20. And

I (2 wear)________________________ the clothes that my mother bought me.

D: How awful! And (3 stay) ________________________ at school until you were 16?

M: No, it wasn't illegal to leave before 16, as it is now. In fact most children (4 leave) ________________________ school at 14 because their parents wanted them to earn money.

D: (5 go out) ________________________ with boys when you were my age?

M: Only if a grown-up was with you. You (6 go) ________________________ out alone to discos as you do now, oh no!

/From Intermediate Matters Workbook, Jan Bell, Roger Gower/

Unit 2

Grammar Suggestions and advice

1. Give advice to the people in the following situations. Use should or ought to.

1. Ann would like to make some new friends. - I think she should/ought to join some clubs to meet people with similar interests.

2. Ellen is having a lot of trouble in her chemistry class. She's failed the last two tests.

3. Sam and Tim, both teenagers, have messed up the house, and their parents are coming home soon.

4. Ron is wearing jeans. He's expected at a formal reception this evening.

5. Mary's parents expect her to work in the family business, a shoe store, but she wants to be an architect.

6. Richard's roommate stays up very late studying. While his roommate is studying, he listens to loud music, and Richard can't get to sleep.

7. Pierre is feeling really homesick these days.

/Understanding and Using English Grammar, Workbook, Betty Schrampfer Azar/

2. For each of these situations, give two suggestions with could. Then give definite advice with should.

1. It's late at night. Tony is home by himself. He hears a window break. He thinks it's a burglar. Now what? What could or should he do now?

He could hide under his bed.

He could pick up his baseball bat and go looking for the intruder.

He should leave the house and go to his neighbour's to call the police.

2. Bruce has helped his mother onto the train and escorted her to a seat. While he is saying goodbye, the train begins pulling away from the station. By the time he gets through the crowded aisles to the exit, the train is traveling fast. Now what?

He could __________________________________________________________

He could __________________________________________________________

He should __________________________________________________________

3. Kim is an insomniac. Every night she tosses and turns until 2 or 3 a.m. and gets only a few hours of sleep. It's beginning to affect her work, as she has to be in her office at 8:00 a.m. She's always tired. She needs some advice.

She could __________________________________________________________

She could __________________________________________________________

She should __________________________________________________________

4. You are driving in the countryside late at night, and you notice that you are almost out of gas. You manage to make it to a small town nearby but discover that the only gas station in town is closed. You decide to hitchhike to the next town and look for an open station, but the person who picks you up robs you and leave you stranded on a country road. Hitchhiking is a bad idea. What are some other possible courses of action you could take?

I could __________________________________________________________

I could __________________________________________________________

I should __________________________________________________________

/Understanding and Using English Grammar, Workbook, Betty Schrampfer Azar/

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