I worked

You worked

He / she / it worked

We/they worked

Did you work?

Did you work? Did he/she/it work? Did they/we work?

Отриищте^

I did not (didn't) work

You did not work

He/she/it did not (didn't) work|

We/they did not (didn't) work J

PastSimple употребляется для выражения:

/. Действия, совершенного в прошлом и не связанного с настоящим: Theylaunchedthisprojectin2000.Didtheylaunchthisprojectin2000?

2. Последовательности действий в прошлом:

We established a company, then opened a subsidiary.

Did we establish a company and then open a subsidiary?

3. Повторяющегося действия в прошлом (used to):

He used to listen to music for hou rs.

Did he use to listen to music for hours? i

1 В английском языке существуют правильные и неправильные глаголы.

У правильных глаголов формы PastSimpleиParticipleII(причастия провед­шего времени) - совпадают.

1 -я форма

(инфинитив)

work invite

cut put bet

cost

lit

hit

hurt

buy

think

sell

sleep

leave

have

hold

hear

keep

feel

meet

Lay

pay

say

eai

bite

get

forget

see

be

give

drive

take

shake

drink

ring

come

become

run

2-я форма 3-я форма

(Past Simple) (Participle II)

Правильные глаголы

worked worked

invited invited

Неправильные глаголы

cut cut

put put

bet bet

COSt cost

fit fit

hit hit

hurt hurt

bought	bought
thought	thought
sold	sold
step*	slept
left	left
had	had
held	held
heard	heard
kept	kept
felt	felt
met	met
laid	laid
paid	paid
said	said
ate	eaten
bit	beaten
got	gotten
forgot	forgotten
saw	seen
was/ were	been
gave	given
drove	driven
took	taken
shook	shaken
drank	drunk
rang	rung
came	come
became	become
ran	run

3f

Ли,

came Mrs. or to be more precise 4V

r honey moon there. She J (•"

we are transferring her to

f

and since next Monday she takes up the

you understand, I need

H««№»

т. кий для iMi.iiii-i-KK-iiitii

Exercise /.

irregular verbs. Why are they divided into :

seven

Head and translate the above groups?

Listening ^h

Listen to the recording andfill in the gaps with missing information.

Secretary: Yes, Mr. Robinson?

our

Robinson: Come in, please. I want to give some orders to

you

.A

know last month Ms Brown became Mrs. с

madamc Noirdier. She left for France to spend her honey moon there. She

there. A>

-— ^x'~" " "he left for France to s] with her husband. So

....^., uuu uii ше internet.

_. I need to fill in this position as soon as possible. Is that clear? Secretary: Yes, Sir.

_uicre. /V| nd, I need a new personal assistant. Please, ask our HR departmeno in the Financial Times and on the internet.

Speaking

Exercise 2.

Answer the questions.

1. Who is speaking?

2. What is the problem?

3. What is the possible solution?

Exercise 3.

Open the brackets using Past Simple.

1. They (to buy) the equipment at a very high price last month.

2.1 (not to come) to the meeting yesterday.

3. The company (not to provide) the quality of the goods.

4. You (to sign) the contract last week?

5. When you (to sell) the car?

6. Who (to place) an advertisement in the Financial Times?

7. The goods (to attract) many customers.

8. The company ( to open) a new position yesterday.

Exercise 4.

Make the following sentences negative and interrogative. Pattern: She arrived at the office at 10. She didn't arrive at the office at 10. Did she arrive at the office at 10?

LESSON 4. TRAVELLING

I They left for Paris last week. 2. We signed the contract 3 weeks ago. 3. He > л . busy yesterday. 4. I phoned him 5 minutes ago. 5. The plane took off on time, i■ I Inn- was no delay. 7. She was on holiday last summer. 8. They met her at the gtf]Hirl. 9. We built our house 5 years ago. 10. We established relations last year. II Hi- used to fly very often when he worked for that company.

Exercise 5.

UHll

()pen the brackets using Present Simple, Present Continuous, Past Simple. I. They (to discuss) her future job now. 2. This company always (to sell) high auly goods. 3. We (not to find) the keys yesterday. 4. For how many years she ivr) in England? 5. Bob (to work) very hard at present. 6. There (to be) a lot of % now. 7. We (not to make) a contract with them last month. 8. She always (to WUlcli) TV for hours. 9. They (to improve) the quality of the model last year. in We always (to settle) the matters during the talks. 11. I'm busy. I (to make) |iiiii liases now. 12. The weather (to be) fine yesterday.

Exercise 6.

• j. i Translate from Russian into English.

1. Вы вчера отдали распоряжения отделу кадров? 2. Две недели назад vim -с Браун улетела в Париж на свой медовый месяц. 3. М-р Браун попросил i in кто секретаря разместить объявление в газете. 4. Они обосновались в Анг­лии в XII веке. 5. Нам надо заполнить вакансию как можно быстрее. 6. У Вас

гi ь личный помощник?

Unit 2

Working on the text %£$

Read and translate the text.

Diana did not realize how tired she was when she got off the plane. It had taken her 8 hours to cross the Atlantic. She was very excited and wanted to see her .nun and uncle. On their way from the airport Diana saw skyscrapers and beautiful buildings of modern design. Everything was larger in the US than in her country. Suddenly she saw one of the most famous statues of the world the Statue of Liberty. She asked her aunt to tell her about it. Here is her story. The Statue of Liberty is a female figure who holds a flaming torch up high in her right hand. She I lis a tablet in her left hand that bears the words (.July 4, 1776), commemorating the date of the United States Declaration of Independence. It symbolizes a welcome to a land of freedom. Visitors can go inside the statue. The statue is so Luge that as many as twelve people can stand inside the torch. The statue weighs

^fM*M I 111 lui Mil t Mi Hum

LESSON 4. TRAVELLING

' I ' !"ii lllil I I In '-l.il I

Ifi i in l.il ibill v \v;

Willi

Exercise 1.

Find English equivalents in the text.

Сойти с самолета; ей потребовалось 8 часов; небоскребы; женская фигу-горящий факел; Декларация независимости; подарок; вносить вклад; узна-и,|гмая икона; переодеться; спуститься вниз; накрыть стол; вспоминать старые времена; светская беседа; пожелать спокойной ночи.

Односложные и двусложные	Сравнительная	Превосходная
small big happy clever	smaller bigger happier cleverer	the smallest the biggest the happiest the cleverest
Многосложные	more important more beautiful	the most important the most beautiful
important beautiful

Speaking

h e pedestal and foundation adding another46.9 rrl as put up in 1886. It was a gift to the United States from the people of France. Over the years France ami the USA had a special relationship. In 1776; I France helped the American colonies to gain independence from England. The French wanted! to do something special for the US centennial, id ■ 100"¹ birthday. Many people contributed in some

(a|

Id

lis

a

* way. The idea belonged to Laboulaye, a well-! known Frenchman. Frederic Auguste Bartholdi French sculptor) designed the statue. Alexand

Exercise 2.

Answer the questions.

1. How long did it take Diana to get to New York? 2. Who met her at the airport? 3. Did New York impress Diana? 4. What is the symbol of America? I What did you learn about the Statue of Liberty? 6. Describe the Statue of Liberty. 7. What other recognizable places of interest do you know?

Exercise 3.

Retell the story about the Statue of Liberty.

The Degrees of Comparison of Adjectives (Степени сравнения прилагательных)

Прилагательные имеют две степени сравнения - сравнительную и пре­восходную.

Односложные и двусложные образуют сравнительную и превосходную степени при помощи прибавления к основе -ег и -est соответственно.

Многосложные - при помощи прибавления к основе тоге и most соот­ветственно.

• Eiffel, a French engineer who was famous for hi Eiffel Tower in Paris, figured out how to make a,

Statue of Liberty

ХГоГЛ¹ ^4! ^{think y}°^{U та}У ^{have a} ^holiday! places of mterest as possible" said Diana's uncle. "We are going to'

f heavy statue stand. French people gave money for j the Statue. Americans designed and built the pedestal. Worldwide, the Statue of Liberty is one of the most recognizable icons of the United States and, more generally, represents liberty and escape from oppression. The Statue of Libertyi was, from 1886 until the jet age, often one of the! first glimpses of the United States for millions of immigrants after ocean voyages from Europe.

"Well dear, before «<"' ^tfnW -'•-•-- ^r ■■ ■ '

and visit as many

discuss everything after dinner

When at last they came home Diana went straight to her room to have a quick shower and to change for dinner. When she came downstairs, the table was already laid and they sat down. During the dinner her aunt Margaret asked a lot of

questions. She wanted to know -•»•».——

everything about her brother's family and her old friends. They laughed a lot recollecting the old times in England when Margaret was a student and Diana was a small girl. Two hours later Margaret noticed that Diana was too sleepy to participate in small talk. It was a long day for her. So they bade each other good night and went to bed.

< ivin'i дня бизнесменов

LESSON 4. TRAVELLING

good

bad

many, much

little

position - должность

I o place - размещать

job - работа

advertisement - объявление

fill in - заполнять

to settle - селиться; решать

to realize - осознавать

aunt - тетя

uncle - дядя

way - путь, дорога

shape - форма

I ^которые прилагательные имеют неправильные формы образовани степеней сравнения. Их необходимо запомнить.

better

worse

more

less

farther

further

older

elder

the best the worst the most the least the farthest the furthest the oldest the eldest

Exercise 4.

Read and translate the following sentences.

IN

1, Everything was larger in the US than in England. 2. Our company is smaller than yours. 3. She is the tallest girl in the group and the most beautiful one, 4. Her English is worse than his. 5. This is the shortest way to the station. 6. I am the happiest man in the world. 7. She is two years older than her brother. 8. Who the eldest in your family?

Exercise 5.

Translate from Russian into English. 1.Статуя Свободы - одна из самых узнаваемых достопримечательностей мира. 2. Франция подарила статую Америке в 1886 году. 3. Это символ свобо­ды и освобождения от гнета. 4. Ваш самолет вылетел на 2 часа позже, чем мы ожидали. 5. Каждый вечер, прежде чем лечь спать, мы желаем друг друг}' спо­койной ночи. 6. Их дом больше, чем наш. Они купили самый большой дом в этом городе. 7. Кто самый умный студент в вашей группе? 8. Что находится в правой руке статуи Свободы? 9. В левой руке статуи Свободы находится таб­личка с надписью. 10. Я всегда хожу но этой дороге, т.к. этот путь самый ко­роткий. 11. Вчера вечером мы вспоминали старые времена и много смеялись. 12. Наша гостиница дальше от центра города, чем ваша. 13. Ты выглядишь сонным, ложись спать. 14. Диана была сильно возбуждена и не осознавала на­сколько устала.

to dress - одеваться

harbor - гавань

to represent - представлять

to hold - держать

tablet - дощечка, плитка

to bear - нести

to commemorate - отмечать

belong - принадлежать

bid (bade, bidden) - пожелать

foundation - основание

pedestal - пьедестал

WORD COMBINATIONS

as soon as possible - как можно скорее

to be tired - быть усталым

to get off - сойти (с самолета, автобуса)

it takes me - это занимает у меня ...

to be excited - быть возбужденным

Declaration of Independence - Декларация Независимости

seven point spiked rays - семикоиечные в виде шипов лучи

flaming torch - горящий факел

VOCABULARY

order - приказ

personal - личный

assistant - помощник

precise - точный

honey moon - медовый месяц

transfer - переводить

skyscraper - небоскреб design - конструкция symbol - символ to present - дарить island - остров upright - вертикальный

"'

_н

LESSON 5. COMPETITION

Lesson 5. COMPETITION

Grammar: The Present Perfect Tense; One as Indefinite Persona Pronoun; One as a Substitute Word