Тема 21. Причастие

Причастие – это неличная форма глагола, обладающая признаками как прилагательного (иногда наречия), так и глагола.

Формы причастия

		Active	Passive
I	Indefinite Participle	* V + ing testing	being + V3 being tested
	Perfect Participle	* having + V3 having tested	having been + V3 having been tested
II	Past Participle	_______________	* V3 tested

*The man testing the device is a scientist.

Человек, тестирующий прибор, - ученый.

While (when) testing the device the scientist put down the results.

Тестируя прибор, ученый записывал результаты.

*Having tested the device he left the laboratory.

Протестировав прибор, он покинул лабораторию.

*The tested device was multifunctional.

Протестированный прибор был многофункциональным.

The device tested by the scientist was put into mass production.

Прибор, протестированный ученым, был внедрен в массовое производство.

Being tested the device was broken.

При тестировании (будучи тестируемым) прибор был сломан.

Having been tested properly the device was turned off.

После тщательного тестирования (будучи тщательно протестированным) прибор был выключен.

Task 1. Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на причастия (Present Participle Active).

1. The girl standing at the window is my sister.

2. We looked at the playing children.

3. Entering the room he dropped his keys.

4. He sat in the arm-chair thinking.

5. She came up to us breathing heavily.

6. The hall was full of laughing people.

7. The boy smiled showing his teeth.

8. The singing girl was about fourteen.

9. Mother put eggs into the boiling water.

10. The man talking over the phone is my friend.

11. Looking at him she began crying.

Task 2. Замените придаточные предложения причастными оборотами с Present Participle Active.

1. The woman who is looking out of the window is my aunt.

2. The children who are playing in the garden are very noisy.

3. She came up to the man who was standing at the door.

4. There was a lot of work which was waiting for us.

5. He didn't like the people who were surrounding him.

6. I noticed the people who were waiting for the taxi.

7. The vase which stands on the table is my daughter's present.

8. We are not the fans of the team which is losing.

9. I don't know the man who is entering the room.

10. She met the man who was hurrying along the street.

11. He watched his wife who was driving a car.

Task 3. Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на причастные обороты с Present Participle Active.

1. When coming home, she turned on the light.

2. When reading the English text, copy out the new words.

3. While waiting for me, he became the witness of an accident.

4. When walking through the park, I saw some flowers.

5. When leaving the house, don't forget to lock the door.

6. He didn't write the truth when answering the letter.

7. When seeing them, she smiled with pleasure.

8. When starting work, don’t forget our in­structions.

9. While driving a car, she was talking over the phone.

10. When doing homework, he fell asleep.

11. While sitting in the armchair, he smoked a cigar.

Task 4. Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на Past Participle.

1. He doesn't like boiled milk.

2. A broken cup lay on the floor.

3. The books written by this author are very interesting.

4. I remember his words told at the meeting.

5. The written article made a great impression on them.

6. I don't like the dress bought last week.

7. The stolen things were returned to the owner.

8. We are interested in the goods produced by this enterprise.

9. The discussed topic was very important to us.

10. This is the house built many years ago.

11. The repaired car was very beautiful.

Task 5. Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на Participle I и Participle II.

1. A person taking a medicine is our patient.

2. A person taken to the hospital is his brother.

3. The letter written by him was very long.

4. Don't make mistakes writing a letter.

5. The question put to the professor was important.

6. While putting the flowers into the vase he broke it.

7. I saw my friend saying good bye to his girl-friend.

8. She didn't understand words said by him.

9. He didn't see the things kept in her box.

10. Ann entered the room keeping a book in her hand.

11. The man met at the station is her husband.

Task 6. Выберите необходимую форму причастия.

1. Who is the girl (doing, done) her task on the blackboard?

2. The book (writing, written) by him is not very interesting.

3. The translation (doing, done) by me was very easy.

4. The (losing, lost) keys were not found.

5. Read the (translating, translated) sentences.

6. I don't like the video (buying, bought) yesterday.

7. Do you know the boy (meeting, met) us?

8. The boy (meeting, met) by us is my group-mate.

9. We like the songs (singing, sung) by this singer.

10. The woman (singing, sung) is his wife.

11. The question (discussing, discussed) at the meeting was very important.

Task 7. Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на Perfect Participle.

1. Having lost his address, I couldn't write to him.

2. Having travelled about Europe, he returned home.

3. She went home, having finished her work.

4. Having done homework, we went for a walk.

5. Having collected all the necessary materials, he began writing the report.

6. Having made the report, Tom left the room.

7. Having answered all the questions, she began retelling the text.

8. He started his work, having had breakfast.

9. Having translated an article, he decided to have a rest.

10. Having bought a new dress, she went to a party.

11. Having finished school, he entered the Institute.

Task 8. Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на причастия.

1. Being busy, he could not answer my questions.

2. Having told the news, she stopped speaking,

3. They showed me the book written many years ago.

4. Having received his letter, she was very happy.

5. While waiting for them, I was reading a newspaper.

6. The boy was reading the book making notes.

7. We study at the university founded hundred years ago.

8. Looking into his eyes I told the truth.

9. Having cleaned the room he went for a walk.

10. Being ill, she couldn't go to the cinema with us.

11. The painted car looked wonderful.

Task 9. Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на причастия.

1. We walked down the road singing.

2. Entering the room I recognized him.

3. Having put on the coat, she ran out of the house.

4. The woman teaching English studied in Oxford.

5. The story translated into a foreign language lost all its charm.

6. Coming home she found nobody there.

7. Being a woman of taste she always dresses well.

8. Having translated some articles, he decided to have a break.

9. Having had dinner, he went out.

10. While discussing the problem we argued a lot.

11. When translating the text you may use a dictionary.

Task10. Раскройте скобки, употребляя Indefinite или Perfect Participle.

1. (to do) his homework, he was thinking hard.

2. (to do) his homework, he went for a work.

3. (to look) through some magazines, I came across an interesting article about UFOs.

4. (to read) the story, she closed the book and put it on the shelf.

5. (to sit) near the fire, he felt very warm.

6. (to spend) twenty years abroad, he was happy to return home.

7. (not to wish) to discuss that difficult problem, he changed the subject.

8. The girl (to speak) to Mr. Smith is my sister.

9. A person (to arrange) performances in the theatre is called a manager.

10. We got in touch with the firm (to produce) computers.

Task 11. Выберите правильный вариант.

1. The girl ….. in the lab is my colleague.

a) working b) having worked c) worked

2. ….. a letter he went to bed.

a) writing b) having written c) written

3. The car ….. last month was repaired.

a) breaking b) having broken c) broken

4. While ….. a book I fell asleep.

a) reading b) having read c) read

5. The ….. device was turned off.

a) testing b) having tested c) tested

6. ….. the dishes she started to clean the room.

a) washing b) having washed c) washed

7. I will do all the tasks ….. by the professor.

a) giving b) having given c) given

8. Who is the woman ….. in the mirror?

a) looking b) having looked c) looked

9. He left the office ….. the experiment.

a) finishing b) having finished c) finished

10. ….. ill she couldn’t go to the conference.

a) being b) having been c) been

Отработка грамматического явления на базе технического перевода

Переведите на русский язык.

1. The theory of relativity of Einstein explaining the Universe mathematically is a powerful tool of physics.

2. The atom contains a number of electrons revolving around the nucleus.

3. (While) making one of his experiments, Yablochkov was seriously injured as a result of the explosion.

4. (When) speaking of water, we must remember that it is composed of tiny particles — its molecules.

5. Knowing harmful effects of gamma rays, we took special precautions.

6. Applying force, we produce motion.

7. Using semiconductors scientists transform solar energy into electric energy.

8. We communicated with the Arctic expedition using short radio-waves.

9. Electrons being negative move from lower to higher potential.

10. Having stated the laws of gravity, Newton was able to explain the structure of the Universe.

11. Having studied nuclear reactions, we turn to the question of how these radiations interact as they go through matter.

12. Having designed a car radar, the engineers started complex tests.

13. A gas placed in a vessel fills it completely.

14. Carbon atoms bound together form a chain.

15. Organic compounds called hydrocarbons have only hydrogen and carbon.

16. Electrical energy produced on board of spacecraft from chemical, nuclear or solar energy is not efficient enough.

17. The described method is widely used in electroplating.

18. A detailed discussion of the exact nature of all fundamental particles dealt with physics is unnecessary in his book.

19. When heated solids expand little as compared with liquids.

20. When passed through a motor, electric current can do work.