Тема 30. Эмфатические конструкции

1. It + to be + объект + союз (именно, не кто иной, как)

It was Popov who invented the radio.

Именно Попов изобрел радио. Не кто иной, как Попов, изобрел радио.

2. Глагол do/did перед смысловым глаголом в утвердительном предложении (действительно, несомненно, безусловно, - таки, же)

He did explain this phenomenon.

Он – таки объяснил это явление.

3. Двойное отрицание дает утверждение

His experiments are not illegal.

Его эксперименты вполне законны.

4. Инверсия (обратный порядок слов)

Were this theory true, I would get an award.

Была бы эта теория истинной, я бы получил награду.

Task 1. Переведите на русский язык.

1. It was Tom who prevented me from making a mistake.

2. It was Kate who warned him about the danger.

3. It is here where we met for the first time.

4. It is the emphatic constructions that are the subject of the article.

5. It is the lack of money that made him to commit a crime.

6. He did prove that he was right.

7. Do come in!

8. She did want to marry him.

9. I did help them with the homework.

10. Many things do show that women have a different attitude to life than men.

11. He did not reach home until the early hours.

12. Our mission is not impossible.

13. It is not unlikely that they will divorce soon.

14. My words are not impolite.

15. The performance is not unforgettable.

16. Were I a little bird, I would fly to the sky.

17. Were he better educated, he would get the job.

18. Had he money, he would know what to do.

19. Had he seen it, he would believe me.

20. Up goes unemployment, up go prices, and down tumbles the labour vote.

Отработка грамматического явления на базе технического перевода

Переведите на русский язык.

1. It is quantum electronics that has enabled man to penetrate into the visible light waves.

2. It is Fermi’s assembly that is still the basic construction of today’s nuclear reactors.

3. It is the large-scale integrated circuits that make possible microprocessors and microcomputers.

4. It was scientists who discovered that a laser beam can be efficiently used to record alphanumeric data and sound on crystal.

5. It was ancient Greeks who supposed that stars, planets, the sun and the moon move round the Earth in space.

6. The programmer’s work consists in translating the details of a problem into a language and he does study, analyse and plan these problems.

7. The third satellite was a cosmic laboratory that did measure its own electric charge and it did register the atmospheric density and pressure.

8. Computers do help our space program, our armed forces, our business and industry.

9. This field does not affect the forward motion of the electrons but does act upon the transverse motion.

10. The test has demonstrated that this installation does detect stator circuit faults.

11. The advances of modern sciences in the production of a wide range of experimental temperatures are thus seen to be not inconsiderable.

12. Mars and Venus have atmospheres not dissimilar to ours.

13. It is not unlikely that this software tends to solve all experimental problems.

14. The results of his scientific research were not unacceptable.

15. The differences between these theories and concepts are not irreconcilable.

16. Were the material solid, the laser would be known as a solid-state device.

17. Were there even a small deviation in velocity, the space vehicle would pass the planet.

18. Had we used d. c. voltage, we shouldn’t have been able to use transformers to increase or reduce it.

19. To resistance shall we pay our attention now.

20. At very low temperatures the resistance of some metals disappears and they become superconductors.

Таблица неправильных глаголов английского языка

I форма (the infinitive)	II форма (Past Simple)	III форма (Past Participle)	Перевод (Translation)
Be [bi:] Become [bi`kÙm] Begin [bi`gin] Break [breik] Bring [briŋ] Build [bild] Buy [bai] Catch [kæt∫] Choose [t∫u:z] Come [kÙm] Cost [kost] Cut [kÙt] Do [du:] Drink [driŋk] Drive [draiv] Fall [f o:l] Feel [fi:l] Find [faind] Fly [flai] Forget [fə`get] Forgive [fə`giv] Get [get] Give [giv] Go [gou] Grow [grou] Have [hæv] Hear [hiə] Hold [hould] Keep [ki:p] Know [nou] Lay [lei] Lead [li:d] Leave [li:v] Let [let] Lie [lai] Lose [lu:z] Make [meik] Mean [mi:n] Meet [mi:t] Pay [pei] Put [put] Read [ri:d] Rise [raiz] Run [rÙn] Say [sei] See [si:] Send [send] Set [set] Show [∫ou] Sing [siŋ] Sit [sit] Sleep [sli:p] Speak [spi:k] Spend [spend] Stand [stænd] Steal [sti:l] Take [teik] Teach [ti:t∫] Tell [tel] Think [θiŋk] Understand [Ùndə`stænd] Win [win] Wear [wεə] Write [rait]	Was [wəz]/were[wə:] Became [bi`keim] Began [bi`gæn] Broke [brouk] Brought [bro:t] Built [bilt] Bought [bo:t] Caught [ko:t] Chose [t∫оuz] Came [keim] Cost [kost] Cut [kÙt] Did [did] Drank [dræŋk] Drove [drouv] Fell [fel] Felt [felt] Found [faund] Flew [flu:] Forgot [fə`got] Forgave [fə`geiv] Got [got] Gave [geiv] Went [went] Grew [gru:] Had [hæd] Heard [hə:d] Held [held] Kept [kept] Knew [nju:] Laid [leid] Led [led] Left [left] Let [let] Lay [lei] Lost [l ost] Made [meid] Meant [ment] Met [met] Paid [peid] Put [put] Read [red] Rose [rouz] Ran [ræn] Said [sed] Saw [s o:] Sent [sent] Set [set] Showed [∫oud] Sang [sæŋ] Sat [sæt] Slept [slept] Spoke [spouk] Spent [spent] Stood [stud] Stole [stoul] Took [tuk] Taught [t o:t] Told [tould] Thought [θo:t] Understood [Ùndə`stud] Won [w Ùn] Wore [wo:] Wrote [rout]	Been [bi:n] Become [bi`kÙm] Begun [bi`gÙn] Broken[`brouk(ə)n] Brought [bro:t] Built [bilt] Bought [bo:t] Caught [ko:t] Chosen [`t∫оuzn] Come [kÙm] Cost [kost] Cut [kÙt] Done [dÙn] Drunk [`drÙŋk] Driven [`drivn] Fallen [`f o:l(ə)n] Felt [felt] Found [faund] Flown [floun] Forgotten [fə`g otn] Forgiven [fə`givn] Got [got] Given [`givn] Gone [gon] Grown [groun] Had [hæd] Heard [hə:d] Held [held] Kept [kept] Known [noun] Laid [leid] Led [led] Left [left] Let [let] Lain [lein] Lost [l ost] Made [meid] Meant [ment] Met [met] Paid [peid] Put [put] Read [red] Risen [`rizn] Run [rÙn] Said [sed] Seen [si:n] Sent [sent] Set [set] Shown [∫oun] Sung [sÙŋ] Sat [sæt] Slept [slept] Spoken [spouk(ə)n] Spent [spent] Stood [stud] Stolen [`stoulen] Taken [`teik(ə)n] Taught [to:t] Told [tould] Thought [θo:t] Understood [Ùndə`stud] Won [w Ùn] Worn [wo:n] Written [`ritn]	Быть Становиться Начинать(ся) Ломать Приносить Строить Покупать Ловить Выбирать Приходить Стоить Резать Делать Пить Водить Падать Чувствовать Находить Летать Забывать Прощать Получать Давать Идти Расти Иметь Слышать Держать Держать Знать Класть Вести Оставлять Позволять Лежать Терять Делать Значить Встречать Платить Класть Читать Подниматься Бежать Говорить Видеть Посылать Ставить Показывать Петь Сидеть Спать Говорить Тратить Стоять Красть Брать Обучать Рассказывать Думать Понимать Побеждать Носить Писать

Таблица времен в активном залоге

	Indefinite	Continuous	Perfect
Present	V; Vs ?; - Do, does I write. Do you write? I don’t write.	Am/is/are + Ving I am writing. Are you writing? I’m not writing.	Have/ has + V3 I have written. Have you written? I haven’t written.
Past	Ved; V2 ?; - Did I wrote. Did you write? I didn’t write.	Was/ were + Ving I was writing. Were you writing? I wasn’t writing.	Had + V3 I had written. Had you written? I hadn’t written.
Future	Will + V I will write. Will you write? I won’t write.	Will be +Ving I will be writing. Will you be writing? I won’t be writing.	Will have + V3 I will have written. Will you have written? I won’t have written.

Таблица условных предложений

Тип	Придаточное предложение	Главное предложение	Перевод
(I) Реальное условие (относится к будущему времени)	Present Indefinite V; Vs If the experiment is a success, If we write a good article,	Future Indefinite Will + V we will write a good article. we will go to the conference.	Если эксперимент будет успешным, мы напишем хорошую статью. Если мы напишем хорошую статью, мы поедем на конференцию.
(II) Маловероятное условие (относится к настоящему времени)	Past Indefinite Ved; V2 If the experiment were a success, If we wrote a good article,	Future-in-the Past Would + V we would write a good article. we would go to the conference.	Если бы эксперимент прошел успешно (сейчас), мы бы написали хорошую статью. Если бы мы написали хорошую статью (сейчас), мы бы поехали на конференцию.
(III) Нереальное условие (относится к прошедшему времени)	Past Perfect Had + V3 If the experiment had been a success, If we had written a good article,	_______________ Would have +V3 we would have written a good article. we would have gone to the conference.	Если бы эксперимент прошел успешно (тогда), мы бы написали хорошую статью. Если бы мы написали хорошую статью (тогда), мы бы поехали на конференцию.