- •Personal identification
- •Relations by birth Кровные родственные связи
- •Relations by marriage Родственные связи по браку
- •Age Возраст
- •Religion [rilid n] Вероисповедание
- •Death Смерть
- •Exercises
- •What Is In a Name?
- •Student information
- •Free of charge - application may be copied
- •Appearance
- •I.V.Kritskaya
- •It’s fun to watch myself in a mirror. A mirror shows me what I look like. A mirror helps me learn about myself. It’s fun to play in front of a mirror. I can make up a poem about that.
- •Character
- •Love is a fallacy By Max Shulman
- •Vitebsk state university
- •V.Ye.Khorovets Part I From the history of the University
- •My University
- •I study at the University (where?…) - Where do you study?
- •The Students’ Life and Studies
- •At the department stores part I
- •Introductory text
- •The Big Stores of London
- •The most famous britain’s department stores
- •Selfridges The original department store
- •Part II
- •Departments (Отделы)
- •In the department store
- •Some Useful Information and Helpful Words and
- •Part III Money
- •Interaction Shopping
- •Follow up
- •Are you being served? a) Ladies’ shoes
- •Topics for Oral Compositions
- •Shopping (food) n.N.Krasovskaya Supermarket
- •Some Food Shops (Stores)
- •Quantities and Package (Количество и упаковка)
- •Some Useful Expressions
- •Idiomatic Expressions
- •Some additional words and expressions
- •Ex. 6.Name 5-10 products you might buy at …
- •Shopping (At the Supermarket)
- •Words and expressions
- •If I need …, I go to the … .
- •At the Supermarket
- •At the Restaurant
- •Words and expressions
- •In the Coffee Bar
- •Topical Vocabulary
- •Exercises The following words are often confused
- •By George Burns
- •Maladies of the 21st Century
- •Here are nine of the most common warning symptoms of stress. First decide if you have ever experienced the symptom. Then try to remember when and why, and make notes.
- •Now report to the class like this:
- •Coping with moods Depression
- •Make sentences like this:
- •Look at the list of jobs and arrange it from the most to the least stressful
- •B) Now work in pairs and compare your ideas with those of your partner’s
- •Your Place in the Stress League
- •What do you think?
- •Cfs. Tired All the Time
- •How does the illness usually start?
- •Is cfs contagious?
- •Tired All the Time: cfs
- •Conversation practice
- •Complete the dialogues:
- •Translate into English
- •The republic of belarus
- •Слова и словосочетания к тексту «The Republic of Belarus»
- •The Republic of Belarus
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •Belorussian National Culture
- •Belarus
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Efrosinya Polotskaya
- •Vocabulary
- •Vitebsk is an Ancient Town
- •I am afraid you are mistaken.
- •I am sorry but I disagree with you.
- •I think you are right. .
- •Part II
- •Architectural monuments and Museums of Vitebsk
- •Part III Obligatory list of words:
- •Vitebsk as a Cultural Centre
- •Дом, открытый для всех
- •Part IV Obligatory list of words:
- •Vitebsk as a Centre of Industry and Education
- •Higher education
- •In great britain and in our country
- •Obligatory list of words: Ex.1.Read the words correctly, practise your sounds. Learn the words.
- •Higher Education. Universities.
- •British Universities
- •III. Making the summary System of Education in Great Britain.
- •V.A.Boiko Obligatory list of words:
- •School Education in Belarus
- •Sanctions
- •A) between two teachers
- •B) between a teacher and a parent
- •C) between the classmates
- •My future profession
- •Lawyer - юрист
- •A model teacher
- •Now do some exersises
- •Pupils as they are Ex. 12. Read the following list of words and divide them into 2 groups (positive
- •Ex. 18. Read the story and say what you think of this teacher. While translating use a dictionary if necessary. Flowers are red by Harry Chapin
- •Ex. 19. Read the following sayings about teacher’s profession and choose those you like best. Give your reasons. Teacher
- •Family matters
- •Ex. 3.Choose and say what you want your pal to do and what you don’t want
- •The Scholarship from “Green Years” by a.J. Cronin
- •Dating Customs
- •Will You Go out with Me?
- •Engagements, weddings, births and funerals getting engaged
- •Divorces rise and fewer get married
- •R Yes. First my family spoke to him, and then they called me in, and we talked for four, four or five minutes. My father decided immediately.
- •I Now you have two sons, don’t you, one twenty-one and one fifteen. Are you going to arrange their marriages?
- •Ex. 11.A) Read the text about different types of families and think of advantages
- •Nuclear Family, Extended Family
- •Relative Values
- •My Father
- •Is there a generation gap in your/your friend’s family? What are the reasons of conflicts? ecological problems
- •Ex. 5.Read and translate the following words of the same root. Determine the part of speech they belong to. Memorize them:
- •Ecological Problems
- •The Greenhouse Effect
- •The Destruction of the Ozone Layer
- •Acid Rain
- •Deforestation
- •The forest resources of the countries in the Baltic Region
- •Endangered Species
- •The Energy Trap
- •Measures to Be Taken
- •What You Can Do to Help!
- •The European Environment Agency (eea)
- •Оглавление
Cfs. Tired All the Time
CF S
chromic fatigue syndrome
[`krnik] [f`ti:g] [`sindrom]
синдром хронической усталости
to be prone to – быть склонным к …
to be exhausted [ig`z:stid] – быть истощенным, измученным
to transmit [trænz`mit] - передавать
contagious [kn`teid s] - заразный
susceptible [s`septbl] – чувствительный, восприимчивый
Ex. 1.Read the text with a dictionary.
How common is chronic fatigue?
Estimates range from ten thousand cases
to as many as five million
The real number is somewhere in between – about 1 per cent of the population, or 2,4 million people. Most of them are in their twenties and thirties. And there are twice as many women as men.
Why are young woman more prone?
It isn’t cleat yet. it may be simply that women are more likely to go to doctors, so they’re diagnosed more frequently. But it could be hormonal, though doctors can’t explain why.
Why is CFS so hard to diagnose?
Because at first glance CFS looks like something – or everything – else. CFS has similar symptoms other diseases. It also resembles a variety of psychiatric illnesses – depression, panic disorder. There’s no test that can say, yes, you have CFS, or no, you don’t. So the diagnosis becomes a process of ruling out all these other diseases.
What are the symptoms of CFS?
Persistent flulike aches and fatigue – you’re really exhausted, to the point that you can’t get out of bed for at least four to six months. That sounds like a long time, but anything less than that could just be a prolonged virus, and CFS is more than a prolonged virus.
The symptoms are: mild fever; sore throat; lymph node swelling and/ or tenderness; muscle weakness; muscle aches; prolonged fatigue; headaches; joint pait; neuropsychologic complaints – depression, forgetfulness, inability to concentrate, and sleep disturbances. For a doctor to officially diagnose CFS, a patient must have eight symptoms for a period of at least six months.
How does the illness usually start?
Patients might initially feel tired and achy, then feel worse over a period of three to six months, become increasingly exhausted from even minimal activity, and have more sore throats and muscle and joint aches. Sometimes they’re very restless all the time and can’t get to sleep. Some patients complain of extreme vertigo.
Is cfs contagious?
No one knows – we’re not sure how it’s transmitted. I think it probably is contagious and that certain people, perhaps because of a faulty immune system, are more susceptible than others. Nevertheless, some patients have families, boyfriends, and friends who are perfectly fine.
Ex. 2. Read the words correctly.
Psychiatric, hypochondria, sclerosis, symptom, chronic, to diagnose, experience, fatigue, depression, physical, virus, lymph, neuropsychologic, patient, syndrome, muscle, immune system.
Ex. 3. Choose the suitable word to complete the sentence and translate it.
Some patients complain of extreme головокружение.
a) pain b) fatigue c) disturbance d) vertigo
Doctors think CFS is probably заразна.
a) definitive b) prolonged c) contagious d) harmful
CFS is hard to diagnose because it находит/имеет сходство Lyme disease, mild sclerosis, depression, panic disorder, hypochondria.
a) looks like b) goes c) makes d) resembles
CFS is more than a длительный virus.
a) contagious b) prolonged c) exhausted d) cognitive
Боли в горле are among other symptoms of CFS.
a) headaches b) joint pain c) lymph node swelling d) sore throat
No one knows how CFS is передается:
a) transmitted b) exhausted c) heard d) caused.
Ex. 4. Add suffix –ness and make the nouns from the adjectives.
Happy, weak, tired, tender, ill, forgetful.
Ex.5. From the list of symptoms choose the most important.
High BP Vertigo Asthma Muscle aches Extreme activity |
Food allergies Lymph node swelling Stomach aches Prolonged generalised fatigue Falty immune system |
Add some more symptoms.
Ex. 6. Answer the following questions.
How common is CFS among people?
Why are people from 20 to 30 more prone to fatigue? Why are women more prone to the disease?
Why isn’t it simple to diagnose CFS?
What are the symptoms of the chronic fatigue?
How does it usually start?
Do you think that this disease exists in Belarus? Are there many people suffering from it? Why?
Ex. 7. Complete the brief-summary.