- •Personal identification
- •Relations by birth Кровные родственные связи
- •Relations by marriage Родственные связи по браку
- •Age Возраст
- •Religion [rilid n] Вероисповедание
- •Death Смерть
- •Exercises
- •What Is In a Name?
- •Student information
- •Free of charge - application may be copied
- •Appearance
- •I.V.Kritskaya
- •It’s fun to watch myself in a mirror. A mirror shows me what I look like. A mirror helps me learn about myself. It’s fun to play in front of a mirror. I can make up a poem about that.
- •Character
- •Love is a fallacy By Max Shulman
- •Vitebsk state university
- •V.Ye.Khorovets Part I From the history of the University
- •My University
- •I study at the University (where?…) - Where do you study?
- •The Students’ Life and Studies
- •At the department stores part I
- •Introductory text
- •The Big Stores of London
- •The most famous britain’s department stores
- •Selfridges The original department store
- •Part II
- •Departments (Отделы)
- •In the department store
- •Some Useful Information and Helpful Words and
- •Part III Money
- •Interaction Shopping
- •Follow up
- •Are you being served? a) Ladies’ shoes
- •Topics for Oral Compositions
- •Shopping (food) n.N.Krasovskaya Supermarket
- •Some Food Shops (Stores)
- •Quantities and Package (Количество и упаковка)
- •Some Useful Expressions
- •Idiomatic Expressions
- •Some additional words and expressions
- •Ex. 6.Name 5-10 products you might buy at …
- •Shopping (At the Supermarket)
- •Words and expressions
- •If I need …, I go to the … .
- •At the Supermarket
- •At the Restaurant
- •Words and expressions
- •In the Coffee Bar
- •Topical Vocabulary
- •Exercises The following words are often confused
- •By George Burns
- •Maladies of the 21st Century
- •Here are nine of the most common warning symptoms of stress. First decide if you have ever experienced the symptom. Then try to remember when and why, and make notes.
- •Now report to the class like this:
- •Coping with moods Depression
- •Make sentences like this:
- •Look at the list of jobs and arrange it from the most to the least stressful
- •B) Now work in pairs and compare your ideas with those of your partner’s
- •Your Place in the Stress League
- •What do you think?
- •Cfs. Tired All the Time
- •How does the illness usually start?
- •Is cfs contagious?
- •Tired All the Time: cfs
- •Conversation practice
- •Complete the dialogues:
- •Translate into English
- •The republic of belarus
- •Слова и словосочетания к тексту «The Republic of Belarus»
- •The Republic of Belarus
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •Belorussian National Culture
- •Belarus
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Efrosinya Polotskaya
- •Vocabulary
- •Vitebsk is an Ancient Town
- •I am afraid you are mistaken.
- •I am sorry but I disagree with you.
- •I think you are right. .
- •Part II
- •Architectural monuments and Museums of Vitebsk
- •Part III Obligatory list of words:
- •Vitebsk as a Cultural Centre
- •Дом, открытый для всех
- •Part IV Obligatory list of words:
- •Vitebsk as a Centre of Industry and Education
- •Higher education
- •In great britain and in our country
- •Obligatory list of words: Ex.1.Read the words correctly, practise your sounds. Learn the words.
- •Higher Education. Universities.
- •British Universities
- •III. Making the summary System of Education in Great Britain.
- •V.A.Boiko Obligatory list of words:
- •School Education in Belarus
- •Sanctions
- •A) between two teachers
- •B) between a teacher and a parent
- •C) between the classmates
- •My future profession
- •Lawyer - юрист
- •A model teacher
- •Now do some exersises
- •Pupils as they are Ex. 12. Read the following list of words and divide them into 2 groups (positive
- •Ex. 18. Read the story and say what you think of this teacher. While translating use a dictionary if necessary. Flowers are red by Harry Chapin
- •Ex. 19. Read the following sayings about teacher’s profession and choose those you like best. Give your reasons. Teacher
- •Family matters
- •Ex. 3.Choose and say what you want your pal to do and what you don’t want
- •The Scholarship from “Green Years” by a.J. Cronin
- •Dating Customs
- •Will You Go out with Me?
- •Engagements, weddings, births and funerals getting engaged
- •Divorces rise and fewer get married
- •R Yes. First my family spoke to him, and then they called me in, and we talked for four, four or five minutes. My father decided immediately.
- •I Now you have two sons, don’t you, one twenty-one and one fifteen. Are you going to arrange their marriages?
- •Ex. 11.A) Read the text about different types of families and think of advantages
- •Nuclear Family, Extended Family
- •Relative Values
- •My Father
- •Is there a generation gap in your/your friend’s family? What are the reasons of conflicts? ecological problems
- •Ex. 5.Read and translate the following words of the same root. Determine the part of speech they belong to. Memorize them:
- •Ecological Problems
- •The Greenhouse Effect
- •The Destruction of the Ozone Layer
- •Acid Rain
- •Deforestation
- •The forest resources of the countries in the Baltic Region
- •Endangered Species
- •The Energy Trap
- •Measures to Be Taken
- •What You Can Do to Help!
- •The European Environment Agency (eea)
- •Оглавление
The European Environment Agency (eea)
In the autumn of 1994, the EU officially opened the European Environmental Agency (EEA) in Copenhagen. The main role of the EEA is, according to Mr Domingo Jiménez-Baltrán – the Spanish executive Director of the agency – to “provide efficient information to the policy-makers and to the public in general, in order to improve both decision-making and public participation in the process. We want to be a one-stop shop, so that anyone who wants to know about the environment in Europe only needs to come to us”.
The EEA closely cooperates with national and other authorities or independent organizations that have a similar mission. It draws together more that 50 national focal-point institutions, reference centres and ‘topic’ centres into an integrated network called EIONET. The agency is engaged in developing practical yardsticks for applying a precautionary principle of environmental risk management and judging for indicators of sustainable development that can provide solid bases for environmental decision making. The EEA has already produced an encyclopaedic overview (600 pages) of the state of the environment in Europe entitled the Dobrís Assessment (it is called so because it was commissioned at the pan-European meeting of environment ministers at the Czech castle of Dobrís in 1991).
EEA membership is not limited to EU members. Countries such as Norway, Iceland, Switzerland, Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia and the three Baltic Republics are full members or are on their way to becoming members.
What is the main aim (role) of the EEA? 2. What does the EEA incorporate? 3. What has the EEA produced? 4. What country may become a member of this organization?
Ex. 17. Read the dialogue and complete it with proper expressions. You may use the prompts given in ex. 20.
The EEA decided to send the Environmental Inspection to Belarus in order to check how local pollution control agencies execute rules and regulations on environmental protection adopted by the United Nations Economic Commission.
Ladies and gentlemen, it’s my honour to introduce Mr. Solieri, Mrs. Blacksmith and Mr. Hancock, the EEA Environment inspectors. They are eager to interview you about your work.
It’s great pleasure for us to visit your research institute. We hear a lot about your work and achievements. But, we are greatly concerned about the ecological situation in Belarus. So, we’ve come here to investigate the state of environment protection and pollution control in Belarus. That is why we need some figures and facts.
What are the leading energy sources in Belarus? Are they fossil fuels? Nuclear power? Or renewable energy sources?
…
What is the level of air quality in Belarus? Do emissions of CO2 (carbon dioxide), NO2 (nitrogen dioxide), SO2 (sulphur dioxide), lead exceed the thresholds?
…
What is done to control emissions from petrol vehicls?
…
Is sewage discharged into inland and ground waters?
…
Are nitrates used in chemical fertilizers for agriculture? And in what amounts?
…
Thank you so much for the information and your co-operation. We’ll see you next year. Good bye.
Ex. 18. Act out the dialogue.
Ex. 19. Fill in the blanks with the given words and act out the dialogue.
biosphere reserve ecosystems preservation
have been preserved captive rearing
species inhabit plant species
the flora extinct dying out
research observations phenomena
protected areas preserved forests
The same EEA Environment Inspection continues monitoring the ecological situation in Belarus by visiting one of the biggest national reserves “The Berezinsky Reserve”.
When and why was it founded?
The Berezinsky Reserve was founded in 1925. It became a … … in 1979, it is the oldest reserve in Belarus.
How was the territory for the reserve chosen?
This is a single territory in Europe where vast mires, black-alder wood tracts and other unique nature ecosystems of the subzone of broad-leaved and spruce … of Belarus … … … practically untouched and unchanged.
What are the main objectives and aims of the Berezinsky Reserve?
Here experiments on …, rehabilitation and … … of the aboriginal animal and plant … are carried out.
What amount of animal and plant … is under protection in Belarus?
Quite a lot. The reserves and the national parks play an important role in the … of the Republic genetic fund 59 … of mammals (80,8% of the total number in Belarus fauna) … their territories, 789 … … have been found in the … of the Berezinsky reserve.
Are there any rare … … from the Red Data Book?
Oh, sure, 34 out of 789 and it’s quite alarming because every year the number of … species grows.
And what is done in the Republic to prevent them from … …?
The reserves and the National Parks are nature laboratories where nature … are maintained in natural state. At the same time they are … laboratories where long-term … on natural … and life of animals and plants are carried out. Moreover, 80,8% of mammals, inhabiting the Belarusian territory, 91,4% of birds, 100% of reptiles, 100% of amphibia, 60,7% of fish are found on the … …, which means that they are not only observed but … as well.
Thank you ever so much for the information and good luck and all the best to you and your work.
Ex. 20. Make up your own dialogues by analogy. Use the following words, as well as words from the dialogues and from the texts.
collection and disposal of domestic waste
keeping the streets cleat of litter
control of air pollution from domestic and industrial premises
to regulate the major pollution risks to air, water and land
recycling of waste materials
to leave litter in a public place
to ensure a reliable water supply
dumping of waste
to minimize pollution damage from …
to experience poor air quality
emissions from the growing number of motor vehicles
smogs (smoke-laden fogs)
airborne particles and other pollutants
to control emissions of black smoke from commercial and industrial premises
to reduce sulphur levels in petrol by (70%)
to increase the proportion of electricity generated from renewable energy sources
ozone losses, ozone destruction, ozone depletion
man-made elements
disposal of radioactive waste
increasing consumption of natural resources
the biodiversity preservation
3 state reserves in the Republic of Belarus: the Berezinsky Biosphere Reserve (1925), the Pripiatsky Hydrologic Landscape Reserve (1965), the Polessky Radiation Ecologic Reserve (1988)
to be under strict protection
to be recorded into the Red Data Book
research outputs
to be of great scientific value
to take part in international programmes such as UNESCO’s MAB (Man and Biosphere), GEF (World Bank for Reconstruction and Development).
Ex. 21. Answer the following questions. Support your ideas using the information from the previous texts and exercises:
Why is the problem of protecting our nature so important now? 2. How can we keep our Earth clean? 3. How has the world changed since you were a child? (technology, values, environment, health). 4. What are some ways that you can reduce pollution in Belarus? 5. What can government do to reduce pollution?