4. Complete the tables. Pay attention to the parts of speech the words belong to.

Noun	Verb		Noun	Adjective
cause	1		16	various
continuation	2		destruction	17
display	3		fair	18
4	harm		19	harmless
load	5		relative	20
patch	6		resident	21
7	place		simplicity	22
8	relate
remainder	9
replacement	10
11	reside
return	12
run	13
14	simplify
15	vary

5. Match the words with a similar meaning.

1. relative 2. dormant 3. to remain 4. to run 5. harm 6. to load 7. to continue 8. to take place 9. to enable 10. a variety of 11. destructive 12. to hide 13. to display 14. fair 15. to replace

a) to go on b) ruinous c) to show d) asleep e) to help f) significant g) damage h) to shelter i) to download j) appropriate k) to be l) to substitute m) to carry out n) to happen o) a lot of

6. Match the words with an opposite meaning.

1. dormant 2. to remain 3. harm 4. to load 5. simple 6. to return 7. to display 8. destructive 9. to continue 10. fair

a) to stop b) lifesaving c) to hide d) awake e) unfair f) benefit g) to delete h) not to be i) to go away j) difficult

7. Match the words to have word combinations. Look through the information about the anatomy of a virus if it’s necessary.

1. to remain 2. a variety 3. to cause 4. relatively 5. to enable 6. to replace 7. fairly harmless 8. to load 9. simple 10. destructive 11. to take 12. to continue 13. to return control 14. to run 15. to display 16. to stay 17. to patch 18. misdirection, reproduction,

a) harm b) the process c) payload d) a message e) to hide itself f) joke g) into memory h) trigger and payload i) the operating system j) harmless k) dormant l) the first instruction m) to the host program n) an infected program o) organism p) resident q) place r) of forms

8. Some verbs beginning or ending with en have a causative meaning. Replace the words in italics in these sentences with the appropriate form of en verb from this list.

enable	encrypt	ensure
encode	enhance	brighten
encourage	enlarge	widen

1. A MIDI message makes sound into code as 8-bit bytes of digital information.

2. The teacher is using a new program to give courage to children to write stories.

3. The new version of SimCity has been made better in many ways.

4. A gateway makes it possible for dissimilar networks to communicate.

5. You can convert data to secret code to make it secure.

6. Make sure the machine is disconnected before you remove the case.

7. Designers can offer good ideas for making your website brighter.

8. Electronic readers allow you to make the print size larger.

9. Programmers write software which makes the computer able to carry out particular tasks.

10. You can make the picture on your monitor wider.

Language Study. Cause and Effect.

What is the relationship between these actions?

1. A date or event occurs.

2. The trigger routine runs.

3. The payload routine activates.

4. The hard disk is wiped.

These events form part of a cause and effect chain. We can describe the links between each event in a number of ways:

1. Using cause + to V or make + V.

1. A date or event occurs which causes the trigger routine to run.

2. A date or event occurs which makes the trigger routine run.