Offi-Guid-TOEFL

%RW[IVW )\TPEREXMSRW ERH 0MWXIRMRK 7GVMTXW

8LMW MW E *EGXYEP -RJSVQEXMSR UYIWXMSR EWOMRK JSV WTIGMJMG MRJSVQEXMSR XLEX GER FI JSYRH MR TEVEKVETL 8LI GSVVIGX ERW[IV MW GLSMGI [LMGL WXEXIW XLEX XLI *SVI TISTPI SJ 2I[ +YMRIE ORI[ ZIV] PMXXPI EFSYX ;IWXIVR GYPXYVI 8LI TEVEKVETL I\TPMGMXP] WE]W XLEX XLI *SVI LEH EPQSWX RS GSRXEGX [MXL ;IWXIVR GYPXYVI 2SRI SJ XLI SXLIV XLVII GLSMGIW MW QIRXMSRIH MR GSRRIGXMSR [MXL XLI *SVI WS RSRI SJ XLIQ MW GSVVIGX

8LMW MW E 7IRXIRGI 7MQTPMJMGEXMSR UYIWXMSR %W [MXL EPP SJ XLIWI MXIQW E WMR KPI WIRXIRGI MR XLI TEWWEKI MW LMKLPMKLXIH

8LI *SVI EPWS HMWTPE]IH JEQMPMEV JEGMEP I\TVIWWMSRW [LIR EWOIH LS[ XLI] [SYPH VIWTSRH MJ XLI] [IVI XLI GLEVEGXIVW MR WXSVMIW XLEX GEPPIH JSV FEWMG IQSXMSREP VIWTSRWIW

8LI GSVVIGX ERW[IV MW GLSMGI -X GSRXEMRW EPP SJ XLI IWWIRXMEP MHIEW MR XLI LMKLPMKLXIH WIRXIRGI [MXLSYX GLERKMRK XLI QIERMRK 8LMW GLSMGI WE]W XLEX XLI *SVI qI\LMFMXIH XLI WEQI VIPEXMSRWLMT SJ JEGMEP ERH FEWMG IQSXMSRW XLEX MW WIIR MR ;IWXIVR GYPXYVI [LIR XLI] EGXIH SYX WXSVMIW r 8LI WIRXIRGI XLEX TVIGIHIW XLI LMKLPMKLXIH WIRXIRGI WXEXIW XLEX MR E WYVZI] XLI *SVI EKVIIH [MXL ;IWX IVRIVW SR LS[ ZEVMSYW IQSXMSRW EVI TSVXVE]IH 8LIR XLI LMKLPMKLXIH WIRXIRGI WE]W XLEX MR E HMJJIVIRX WMXYEXMSR WXSV] XIPPMRK XLI *SVIWt I\TVIWWMSRW [IVI EPWS JEQMPMEV XLEX MW XLIWI I\TVIWWMSRW [IVI XLI WEQI EW XLSWI I\LMFMXIH F] ;IWXIVRIVW MR XLMW WMXYEXMSR

'LSMGIW ERH EVI MRGSVVIGX FIGEYWI IEGL SRI GLERKIW XLI LMKLPMKLXIH WIR XIRGI MRXS E WXEXIQIRX XLEX MW RSX XVYI

'LSMGI MW MRGSVVIGX FIGEYWI MX WE]W XLEX XLI *SVI [IVI JEQMPMEV [MXL XLI JEGMEP I\TVIWWMSRW SJ GLEVEGXIVW MR WXSVMIW 8LI LMKLPMKLXIH WIRXIRGI WE]W XLEX MX [EW XLI MRZIWXMKEXSVW [LS [IVI JEQMPMEV [MXL XLI *SVIWt I\TVIWWMSRW 8LMW MW E GLERKI MR QIERMRK WS MX MW MRGSVVIGX

8LMW MW E *EGXYEP -RJSVQEXMSR UYIWXMSR EWOMRK JSV WTIGMJMG MRJSVQEXMSR XLEX GER FI JSYRH MR XLI TEWWEKI 8LI GSVVIGX ERW[IV MW GLSMGI IQSXMSRW XLEX EVI RSX I\TVIWWIH FIGSQI PIWW MRXIRWI 8LMW MW GSVVIGX FEWIH SR XLI HMVIGX UYSXE XMSR SJ (EV[MR MR TEVEKVETL -R XLEX UYSXEXMSR (EV[MR WE]W XLEX IQSXMSRW XLEX EVI JVIIP] I\TVIWWIH FIGSQI QSVI MRXIRWI [LMPI qSR XLI SXLIV LERHr XLSWI XLEX EVI RSX JVIIP] I\TVIWWIH EVI qWSJXIRIH r QIERMRK XLEX XLI] FIGSQI PIWW MRXIRWI 'LSMGIW ERH EVI EPP MRGSVVIGX FIGEYWI XLIVI MW RSXLMRK MR XLI TEWWEKI XLEX MRHMGEXIW (EV[MR IZIV FIPMIZIH XLIWI XLMRKW EFSYX I\TVIWWMRK IQSXMSRW 7SQI SV EPP SJ XLIQ QE] EGXYEPP] FI XVYI FYX XLIVI MW RSXLMRK MR XLMW TEWWEKI XLEX WYTTSVXW XLIQ

8LMW MW E *EGXYEP -RJSVQEXMSR UYIWXMSR EWOMRK JSV WTIGMJMG MRJSVQEXMSR XLEX GER FI JSYRH MR XLI TEWWEKI =SY GER WII XLEX XLI TLVEWI q8LI JEGMEP JIIHFEGO L]TSXLIWMWr MW LMKLPMKLXIH [LIVI MX JMVWX ETTIEVW MR XLI TEWWEKI MR TEVEKVETL8LI GSVVIGX ERW[IV MW GLSMGI VIWIEVGL WYTTSVXMRK XLMW L]TSXLIWMW GEQI JVSQ WXYH]MRK I\TIVMQIRXW SJ XLI VIEGXMSRW SJ TISTPI XS GEVXSSRW 8LMW MHIE MW JSYRH MR TEVEKVETL [LMGL YWIW XLIWI I\TIVMQIRXW EW ER I\EQTPI SJ LS[ JEGMEP JIIHFEGO [SVOW

83)*0 M&8 4VEGXMGI 8IWX

'LSMGI XLI VIPIEWI SJ RIYVSXVERWQMXXIVW MW QIRXMSRIH MR TEVEKVETL FYX RSX MR GSRRIGXMSR [MXL XLI JEGMEP JIIHFEGO L]TSXLIWMW WS MX MW MRGSVVIGX

'LSMGIW ERH EVI RSX I\TPMGMXP] QIRXMSRIH EX EPP MR XLI TEWWEKI

8LMW MW E :SGEFYPEV] UYIWXMSR 8LI [SVH FIMRK XIWXIH MW VEXI ERH MX MW LMKL PMKLXIH MR XLI TEWWEKI 8LI GSVVIGX ERW[IV MW GLSMGI qNYHKI r 6EXI MR XLMW GSRXI\X QIERW qXS NYHKI r

8LMW MW E :SGEFYPEV] UYIWXMSR 8LI [SVH FIMRK XIWXIH MW VIPIZERX ERH MX MW LMKLPMKLXIH MR XLI TEWWEKI 8LI GSVVIGX ERW[IV MW GLSMGI qETTPMGEFPI 6IPI ZERX QIERW XLEX )OQERtW SFWIVZEXMSR ETTPMIW qMW ETTPMGEFPIr XS ER I\TVIW WMSR

8LMW MW E *EGXYEP -RJSVQEXMSR UYIWXMSR EWOMRK JSV WTIGMJMG MRJSVQEXMSR XLEX GER FI JSYRH MR XLI TEWWEKI 8LI GSVVIGX ERW[IV MW GLSMGI WXMJJIRMRK XLI YTTIV PMT QE] IMXLIV LIMKLXIR SV VIHYGI IQSXMSREP VIWTSRWI 8LMW MW WXEXIH I\TPMGMXP] MR TEVEKVETL SJ XLI TEWWEKI EW E TSWWMFPI TEVEHS\ MR XLI VIPEXMSR WLMT FIX[IIR JEGMEP I\TVIWWMSRW ERH IQSXMSRW

'LSMGI MW MRGSVVIGX FIGEYWI TEVEKVETL GSRXVEHMGXW MX

'LSMGI MW MRGSVVIGX FIGEYWI XLI TEWWEKI QIRXMSRW SRP] XLI JIEV ERH XIRWMSR SJ E TIVWSR XV]MRK XS OIIT E WXMJJ YTTIV PMT RSX ER] JIEV SV XIRWMSR XLEX I\TVIW WMSR QE] GEYWI MR SXLIVW

'LSMGI MW MRGSVVIGX FIGEYWI XLIVI MW RS WYKKIWXMSR ER][LIVI MR XLI TEWWEKI XLEX WXMJJIRMRK XLI YTTIV PMT QE] HEQEKI PMT QYWGPIW

8LMW MW ER -RWIVX 8I\X UYIWXMSR =SY GER WII XLI JSYV FPEGO WUYEVIW MR TEVE KVETL XLEX VITVIWIRX XLI TSWWMFPI ERW[IV GLSMGIW LIVI

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

%RW[IVW )\TPEREXMSRW ERH 0MWXIRMRK 7GVMTXW

8LI WIRXIRGI TVSZMHIH q8LMW YRMZIVWEPMX] MR XLI VIGSKRMXMSR SJ IQSXMSRW [EW HIQSRWXVEXIH F] YWMRK VEXLIV WMQTPI QIXLSHW r MW FIWX MRWIVXIH EX WUYEVI

7UYEVI MW GSVVIGX FIGEYWI XLI MRWIVXIH WIRXIRGI FIKMRW [MXL XLI TLVEWI q8LMW YRMZIVWEPMX] r 8LI YRMZIVWEPMX] FIMRK VIJIVVIH XS MW XLI JEGX WXEXIH MR XLI WIG SRH WIRXIRGI XLEX qTISTPI MR HMZIVWI GYPXYVIW VIGSKRM^I XLI IQSXMSRW QERM JIWXIH F] XLI JEGMEP I\TVIWWMSRW r

2SRI SJ XLI SXLIV ERW[IV GLSMGIW JSPPS[W E WIRXIRGI XLEX GSRXEMRW E YRMZIVWEP WXEXIQIRX 7IRXIRGI QIRXMSRW XLEX q1SWX MRZIWXMKEXSVW GSRGYV r [LMGL QIERW XLEX WSQI HS RSX 8LIVIJSVI XLMW MW RSX E YRMZIVWEP WXEXIQIRX

7UYEVIW ERH EVI MRGSVVIGX FIGEYWI XLIVI MW RSXLMRK MR IMXLIV WIRXIRGI XS [LMGL q8LMW YRMZIVWEPMX]r GSYPH VIJIV

8LMW MW E 4VSWI 7YQQEV] UYIWXMSR -X MW GSQTPIXIH GSVVIGXP] FIPS[ 8LI GSVVIGX GLSMGIW EVI ERH 'LSMGIW ERH EVI XLIVIJSVI MRGSVVIGX

(MVIGXMSRW

8LMW UYIWXMSR MW [SVXL TSMRXW

4W]GLSPSKMGEP VIWIEVGL WIIQW XS GSRJMVQ XLEX TISTPI EWWSGMEXI TEVXMGYPEV JEGMEP I\TVIWWMSRW [MXL XLI WEQI IQSXMSRW EGVSWW GYPXYVIW

F	*EGMEP I\TVIWWMSRW ERH IQSXMSREP WXEXIW MRXIVEGX [MXL IEGL SXLIV
	XLVSYKL E ZEVMIX] SJ JIIHFEGO QIGLERMWQW
F	% TIVWSRtW JEGMEP I\TVIWWMSR QE] VIJPIGX XLI TIVWSRtW IQSXMSREP WXEXI

F*EGMEP I\TVIWWMSRW XLEX SGGYV EW E VIWYPX SJ ER MRHMZMHYEPtW IQSXMSREP WXEXI QE] XLIQWIPZIW JIIH FEGO MRJSVQEXMSR XLEX MRJPYIRGIW XLI TIV WSRtW IQSXMSRW

%VXMJMGMEPP] TVSHYGMRK XLI (YGLIRRI WQMPI GER GEYWI E TIVWSR XS LEZI TPIEWERX JIIPMRKW

*EGMEP I\TVIWWMSRW ERH IQSXMSREP WXEXIW MRXIVEGX [MXL IEGL SXLIV XLVSYKL E ZEVMIX] SJ JIIHFEGO QIGLERMWQW

4ISTPI GSQQSRP] FIPMIZI XLEX XLI] GER GSRXVSP XLIMV JEGMEP I\TVIWWMSRW WS XLEX XLIMV XVYI IQSXMSRW VIQEMR LMHHIR

% TIVWSRtW JEGMEP I\TVIWWMSR QE] VIJPIGX XLI TIVWSRtW IQSXMSREP WXEXI

)OQER EVKYIH XLEX XLI EFMPMX] XS EGGYVEXIP] VIGSKRM^I XLI IQSXMSREP GSRXIRX SJ JEGMEP I\TVIWWMSRW [EW ZEPYEFPI JSV LYQER FIMRKW

*EGMEP I\TVIWWMSRW XLEX SGGYV EW E VIWYPX SJ ER MRHMZMHYEPtW IQSXMSREP WXEXI QE] XLIQWIPZIW JIIH FEGO MRJSVQEXMSR XLEX MRJPYIRGIW XLI TIVWSRtW IQSXMSRW

83)*0 M&8 4VEGXMGI 8IWX

'LSMGI q*EGMEP I\TVIWWMSRW ERH IQSXMSREP WXEXIW MRXIVEGX [MXL IEGL SXLIV XLVSYKL E ZEVMIX] SJ JIIHFEGO QIGLERMWQW r MW GSVVIGX FIGEYWI MX MW E FVSEH KIRIVEP WXEXIQIRX XLEX MW HIZIPSTIH XLVSYKLSYX XLI TEWWEKI 5YIWXMSRW EFSYX XLI REXYVI SJ XLMW MRXIVEGXMSR ERH HIXEMPW SJ VIWIEVGL SR XLMW MWWYI EVI HMW GYWWIH MR IZIV] TEVEKVETL WS MX MW GPIEVP] E qQEMR MHIE r

'LSMGI q% TIVWSRtW JEGMEP I\TVIWWMSR QE] VIJPIGX XLI TIVWSRtW IQSXMSREP WXEXI r MW GSVVIGX FIGEYWI PMOI GLSMGI MX MW E QENSV MHIE XLEX XLI TEWWEKI I\TPSVIW MR HIXEMP 4EVEKVETLW ERH EVI HIZSXIH XS HMWGYWWMRK EXXIQTXW XS YRHIV WXERH [LIXLIV ERH LS[ JEGMEP I\TVIWWMSRW QE] VIJPIGX E TIVWSRtW IQSXMSREP WXEXI

'LSMGI q*EGMEP I\TVIWWMSRW XLEX SGGYV EW E VIWYPX SJ ER MRHMZMHYEPtW IQSXMSREP WXEXI QE] XLIQWIPZIW JIIH FEGO MRJSVQEXMSR XLEX MRJPYIRGIW XLI TIVWSRtW IQS XMSRW r MW GSVVIGX FIGEYWI MX MW XLI QEMR XIRIX SJ XLI qJEGMEP JIIHFEGO XLISV]r XLEX MW I\XIRWMZIP] HMWGYWWIH MR TEVEKVETLW ERH

'LSMGI q%VXMJMGMEPP] TVSHYGMRK XLI (YGLIRRI WQMPI GER GEYWI E TIVWSR XS LEZI TPIEWERX JIIPMRKW r MW MRGSVVIGX FIGEYWI MX MW E QMRSV WYTTSVXMRK HIXEMP QIR XMSRIH MR TEVEKVETL EW ER I\EQTPI SJ E QSVI KIRIVEP ERH MQTSVXERX WXEXI QIRX EFSYX XLI PMROW FIX[IIR JEGMEP I\TVIWWMSRW ERH IQSXMSR WII GLSMGI EFSZI

'LSMGI q4ISTPI GSQQSRP] FIPMIZI XLEX XLI] GER GSRXVSP XLIMV JEGMEP I\TVIWWMSRW WS XLEX XLIMV XVYI IQSXMSRW VIQEMR LMHHIR r MW MRGSVVIGX FIGEYWI [LMPI MX QE] FI XVYI XLI TEWWEKI HSIW RSX QEOI XLMW GPEMQ

'LSMGI q)OQER EVKYIH XLEX XLI EFMPMX] XS EGGYVEXIP] VIGSKRM^I XLI IQSXMSREP GSRXIRX SJ JEGMEP I\TVIWWMSRW [EW ZEPYEFPI JSV LYQER FIMRKW r MW MRGSVVIGX FIGEYWI EGGSVHMRK XS XLI TEWWEKI )OQER HMH RSX QEOI XLMW EVKYQIRX 'LEVPIW (EV[MR HMH )OQERtW VIWIEVGL [EW HMVIGXIH XS[EVH HIXIVQMRMRK XLI YRMZIVWEPMX] SJ GIVXEMR JEGMEP I\TVIWWMSRW RSX XLI qZEPYIr SJ TISTPItW EFMPMX] XS VIGSKRM^I XLSWI I\TVIWWMSRW

%RW[IVW )\TPEREXMSRW ERH 0MWXIRMRK 7GVMTXW

+ISPSK] ERH 0ERHWGETI

8LMW MW E *EGXYEP -RJSVQEXMSR UYIWXMSR EWOMRK JSV WTIGMJMG MRJSVQEXMSR XLEX GER FI JSYRH MR TEVEKVETL 8LI GSVVIGX ERW[IV MW GLSMGI 7IRXIRGI SJ XLI TEVEKVETL I\TPMGMXP] WXEXIW XLEX )EVXLtW PERHWGETI GLERKIW VIPEXMZIP] VET MHP] GSQTEVIH XS )EVXLtW SZIVEPP EKI 'LSMGI SR XLI JVIUYIRG] SJ PERHWGETI GLERKIW MW GSRXVEHMGXIH F] XLI TEVEKVETL 'LSMGI XLEX PERHWGETI GLERKIW SGGYV SRP] EX WTIGMEP XMQIW MW EPWS GSRXVEHMGXIH F] XLI TEVEKVETL 'LSMGI XLI JVIUYIRG] SJ PERHWGETI GLERKIW MW RSX QIRXMSRIH

	8LMW MW E :SGEFYPEV] UYIWXMSR 8LI [SVH FIMRK XIWXIH MW VIPEXMZIP] ERH MX MW
	LMKLPMKLXIH MR XLI TEWWEKI 8LI GSVVIGX ERW[IV MW GLSMGI 8LI WIRXIRGI MR
	[LMGL VIPEXMZIP] ETTIEVW MW GSQTEVMRK )EVXLtW XMQI WGEPI XS XLI LYQER XMQI
	WGEPI WS qGSQTEVEXMZIP]r MW XLI GSVVIGX ERW[IV
	8LMW MW ER -RJIVIRGI UYIWXMSR EWOMRK JSV ER MRJIVIRGI XLEX GER FI WYTTSVXIH
	F] TEVEKVETL 8LI GSVVIGX ERW[IV MW GLSMGI XLI ,MQEPE]EW EVI LMKLIV
	XLER XLI 'EPIHSRMER QSYRXEMRW 8LI TEVEKVETL WXEXIW XLEX ]SYRKIV QSYR
	XEMRW EVI KIRIVEPP] LMKLIV XLER SPHIV QSYRXEMRW -X EPWS WXEXIW XLEX XLI
	,MQEPE]EW EVI QYGL ]SYRKIV XLER XLI 'EPIHSRMERW 7MRGI XLI ,MQEPE]EW EVI
	XLI ]SYRKIV VERKI ERH ]SYRKIV QSYRXEMR VERKIW EVI LMKLIV XLER SPHIV
	VERKIW [I GER MRJIV XLEX XLI ]SYRKIV ,MQEPE]EW EVI LMKLIV XLER XLI SPHIV
	'EPIHSRMERW
	'LSMGIW ERH EVI MRGSVVIGX FIGEYWI XLI] I\TPMGMXP] GSRXVEHMGX XLI TEWWEKI
	8LI LIMKLX SJ XLI ,MQEPE]EW MW ER MRHMGEXMSR SJ XLIMV EKI ERH XLI ,MQEPE]EW
	EVI EFSYX XLI WEQI LIMKLX XLEX XLI 'EPIHSRMERW [IVI QMPPMSR ]IEVW EKS
	'LSMGI MW MRGSVVIGX FIGEYWI XLIVI MW RSXLMRK MR XLI TEVEKVETL EFSYX qYRM
	JSVQ LIMKLX r
	8LMW MW E :SGEFYPEV] UYIWXMSR 8LI [SVH FIMRK XIWXIH MW VIPMGW ERH MX MW
	LMKLPMKLXIH MR XLI TEWWEKI 'LSMGI MW XLI GSVVIGX ERW[IV 8LI VIPMGW SJ XLI
	'EPIHSRMER VERKI EVI [LEX MW PIJX SJ XLIQ q6IQEMRWr QIERW [LEX MW PIJX SJ
	WSQIXLMRK WS MX MW XLI GSVVIGX ERW[IV
	8LMW MW E *EGXYEP -RJSVQEXMSR UYIWXMSR EWOMRK JSV WTIGMJMG MRJSVQEXMSR XLEX
	GER FI JSYRH MR TEVEKVETL 8LI GSVVIGX ERW[IV MW GLSMGI QSYRXEMRW EVI
	JSVQIH F] GVYWXEP TPEXIW LMXXMRK IEGL SXLIV 8LI TEVEKVETL WXEXIW XLEX QSYR
	XEMRW EVI JSVQIH MR XLVII [E]W F] GVYWXEP TPEXIW LMXXMRK IEGL SXLIV F] IEVXL
	UYEOIW ERH F] ZSPGERSIW 'LSMGIW ERH EVI RSX EQSRK XLIWI GEYWIW SJ
	QSYRXEMR JSVQEXMSR WS XLI] EVI XLIVIJSVI MRGSVVIGX
	8LMW MW E 6LIXSVMGEP 4YVTSWI UYIWXMSR -X EWOW [L] XLI EYXLSV QIRXMSRW
	qGEVFSR HMS\MHIr MR XLI TEWWEKI 8LMW XIVQ MW LMKLPMKLXIH MR XLI TEWWEKI 8LI
	GSVVIGX ERW[IV MW GLSMGI GEVFSR HMS\MHI MW QIRXMSRIH XS I\TPEMR XLI SVMKMR
	SJ E GLIQMGEP XLEX GER IVSHI VSGOW 8LI EYXLSV MW HIWGVMFMRK E TEVXMGYPEV
	GEYWI SJ IVSWMSR ERH XLI WXEVXMRK TSMRX SJ XLEX TVSGIWW MW GEVFSR HMS\MHI

83)*0 M&8 4VEGXMGI 8IWX

	8LMW MW E :SGEFYPEV] UYIWXMSR 8LI [SVH FIMRK XIWXIH MW WIITW ERH MX MW
	LMKLPMKLXIH MR XLI TEWWEKI 'LSMGI qJPS[W WPS[P] r MW XLI GSVVIGX ERW[IV 8LI
	WIRXIRGI MW HIWGVMFMRK XLI [E] MR [LMGL VEMR QSZIW YRHIVKVSYRH JVSQ )EVXLtW
	WYVJEGI -X GERRSX HS XLMW F] qHV]MRKr GLSMGI qJVII^MRKr GLSMGI SV
	q[EVQMRKr GLSMGI
	8LMW MW E 6IJIVIRGI UYIWXMSR 8LI [SVH FIMRK XIWXIH MW XLIQ ERH MX MW LMKL
	PMKLXIH MR XLI TEWWEKI 'LSMGI qQEWWIW SJ MGIr MW XLI GSVVIGX ERW[IV 8LMW MW
	E WMQTPI TVSRSYR VIJIVIRX MXIQ 8LI [SVH XLIQ VIJIVW XS XLI KPEGMIVW XLEX EVI
	GEVV]MRK IVSHIH VSGO 2SXMGI XLEX MR XLMW GEWI E [LSPI WIVMIW SJ [SVHW WITE
	VEXIW XLI TVSRSYR JVSQ MXW VIJIVIRX
	8LMW MW E 7IRXIRGI 7MQTPMJMGEXMSR UYIWXMSR %W [MXL EPP SJ XLIWI MXIQW E WMR
	KPI WIRXIRGI MR XLI TEWWEKI MW LMKLPMKLXIH

,MPPW ERH QSYRXEMRW EVI SJXIR VIKEVHIH EW XLI ITMXSQI SJ TIVQERIRGI WYGGIWWJYPP]

VIWMWXMRK XLI HIWXVYGXMZI JSVGIW SJ REXYVI FYX MR JEGX XLI] XIRH XS FI VIPEXMZIP] WLSVX

PMZIH MR KISPSKMGEP XIVQW

8LI GSVVIGX ERW[IV MW GLSMGI 8LEX GLSMGI GSRXEMRW EPP SJ XLI IWWIRXMEP MRJSV QEXMSR MR XLI LMKLPMKLXIH WIRXIRGI -X SQMXW XLI MRJSVQEXMSR MR XLI WIGSRH GPEYWI SJ XLI LMKLPMKLXIH WIRXIRGI qWYGGIWWJYPP] VIWMWXMRK XLI HIWXVYGXMZI JSVGIW SJ REXYVIq FIGEYWI XLEX MRJSVQEXMSR MW RSX IWWIRXMEP XS XLI QIERMRK

'LSMGIW ERH EVI EPP MRGSVVIGX FIGEYWI XLI] GLERKI XLI QIERMRK SJ XLI LMKLPMKLXIH WIRXIRGI 'LSMGI EHHW MRJSVQEXMSR SR XLI EKI SJ E QSYRXEMR XLEX MW RSX QIRXMSRIH MR XLI LMKLPMKLXIH WIRXIRGI

'LSMGI MRXVSHYGIW MRJSVQEXMSR EFSYX LS[ PSRK QSYRXEMRW VIWMWX JSVGIW SJ REXYVI MR EFWSPYXI XIVQW XLI LMKLPMKLXIH WIRXIRGI WE]W XLEX XLI VIWMWXERGI MW VIPEXMZIP] WLSVX MR KISPSKMGEP XIVQW [LMGL MW ER IRXMVIP] HMJJIVIRX QIERMRK

'LSMGI GSQTEVIW QSYRXEMRW XS SXLIV PERH JSVQW 8LI LMKLPMKLXIH WIRXIRGI HSIW RSX QEOI ER] WYGL GSQTEVMWSR

8LMW MW E *EGXYEP -RJSVQEXMSR UYIWXMSR EWOMRK JSV WTIGMJMG MRJSVQEXMSR XLEX GER FI JSYRH MR TEVEKVETL 8LI GSVVIGX ERW[IV MW GLSMGI qWERH r 7IR XIRGIW ERH SJ XLEX TEVEKVETL HIWGVMFI IVSWMSR MR HV] EVIEW 7ERH MW GEVVMIH F] [MRH ERH FSQFEVHW VSGO XLMW FSQFEVHQIRX FVIEOW HS[R XLI VSGO ERH EW E VIWYPX QSVI WERH MW GVIEXIH 8LYW WERH MW FSXL XLI GEYWI ERH XLI VIWYPX SJ IVSWMSR WS GLSMGI MW GSVVIGX +PEGMEP EGXMZMX] GLSMGI ERH XVII VSSXWGLSMGI EVI FSXL QIRXMSRIH SRP] EW GEYWIW SJ IVSWMSR 6SGO HIFVMW GLSMGIMW QIRXMSRIH SRP] EW E VIWYPX SJ IVSWMSR

%RW[IVW )\TPEREXMSRW ERH 0MWXIRMRK 7GVMTXW

8LMW MW ER -RWIVX 8I\X UYIWXMSR =SY GER WII XLI JSYV FPEGO WUYEVIW MR TEVE KVETL XLEX VITVIWIRX XLI TSWWMFPI ERW[IV GLSMGIW LIVI

9RHIV ZIV] GSPH GSRHMXMSRW VSGOW GER FI WLEXXIVIH F] MGI ERH JVSWX +PEGMIVW QE] JSVQ MR TIVQERIRXP] GSPH EVIEW ERH XLIWI WPS[P] QSZMRK QEWWIW SJ MGI GYX SYX ZEPPI]W GEVV]MRK [MXL XLIQ LYKI UYERXMXMIW SJ IVSHIH VSGO HIFVMW -R HV] EVIEW XLI [MRH MW XLI TVMRGMTEP EKIRX SJ IVSWMSR -X GEVVMIW JMRI TEVXMGPIW SJ WERH [LMGL FSQFEVH I\TSWIH VSGO WYVJEGIW XLIVIF] [IEVMRK XLIQ MRXS ]IX QSVI WERH

)ZIR PMZMRK XLMRKW GSRXVMFYXI XS XLI JSVQEXMSR SJ PERHWGETIW 8VII VSSXW JSVGI XLIMV [E] MRXS GVEGOW MR VSGOW ERH MR WS HSMRK WTIIH XLIMV WTPMXXMRK -R GSRXVEWX XLI VSSXW SJ KVEWWIW ERH SXLIV WQEPP TPERXW QE] LIPT XS LSPH PSSWI WSMP JVEKQIRXW XSKIXLIV XLIVIF] LIPTMRK XS TVIZIRX IVSWMSR F] XLI [MRH

8LI WIRXIRGI TVSZMHIH q9RHIV HMJJIVIRX GPMQEXMG GSRHMXMSRW ERSXLIV X]TI SJ HIWXVYGXMZI JSVGI GSRXVMFYXIW XS IVSWMSR r MW FIWX MRWIVXIH EX WUYEVI

7UYEVI MW GSVVIGX FIGEYWI XLI MRWIVXIH WIRXIRGI MW E XVERWMXMSREP WIRXIRGI QSZMRK XLI HMWGYWWMSR E[E] JVSQ SRI WIX SJ GPMQEXMG GSRHMXMSRW GSPH XS ERSXLIV WIX SJ GPMQEXMG GSRHMXMSRW HV]RIWW -X MW EX WUYEVI XLEX XLI XVERWM XMSR FIX[IIR XSTMGW XEOIW TPEGI

7UYEVIW ERH EPP TVIGIHI WIRXIRGIW XLEX TVSZMHI HIXEMPW SJ HV] GPMQEXMG GSRHMXMSRW 2S XVERWMXMSR MW XEOMRK TPEGI EX ER] SJ XLSWI TPEGIW WS XLI MRWIVXIH WIRXIRGI MW RSX RIIHIH

8LMW MW E *MPP MR E 8EFPI UYIWXMSR -X MW GSQTPIXIH GSVVIGXP] FIPS[ 8LI GSVVIGX GLSMGIW JSV XLI qGSRWXVYGXMZI TVSGIWWIWr GSPYQR EVI ERH 'LSMGIW ERHEVI XLI GSVVIGX GLSMGIW JSV XLI qHIWXVYGXMZI TVSGIWWIWr GSPYQR 'LSMGIW ERH WLSYPH RSX FI YWIH MR IMXLIV GSPYQR

(MVIGXMSRW

8LMW UYIWXMSR MW [SVXL TSMRXW
'SRWXVYGXMZI 4VSGIWWIW	(IWXVYGXMZI 4VSGIWWIW
F 'SPPMWMSR SJ )EVXLtW GVYWXEP TPEXIW	F ;MRH HVMZIR WERH
F )EVXLUYEOIW	F ;IEXLIV TVSGIWWIW
F :SPGERMG EGXMZMX]
'SPPMWMSR SJ )EVXLtW GVYWXEP TPEXIW		)EVXLUYEOIW
7ITEVEXMSR SJ GSRXMRIRXW		:SPGERMG EGXMZMX]
;MRH HVMZIR WERH		;IEXLIV TVSGIWWIW
*SVQEXMSR SJ KVEWW VSSXW MR WSMP

83)*0 M&8 4VEGXMGI 8IWX

'LSMGI q'SPPMWMSR SJ )EVXLtW GVYWXEP TPEXIW GSRWXVYGXMZI TVSGIWW r FIPSRKW MR XLMW GSPYQR FIGEYWI MX MW QIRXMSRIH MR XLI TEWWEKI EW SRI SJ XLI GSRWXVYGXMZI TVSGIWWIW F] [LMGL QSYRXEMRW EVI JSVQIH

'LSMGI q;MRH HVMZIR WERH HIWXVYGXMZI TVSGIWW r FIPSRKW MR XLMW GSPYQR FIGEYWI MX MW QIRXMSRIH MR XLI TEWWEKI EW SRI SJ XLI HIWXVYGXMZI JSVGIW XLEX [IEV E[E] XLI PERH

'LSMGI q)EVXLUYEOIW GSRWXVYGXMZI TVSGIWW r FIPSRKW MR XLMW GSPYQR FIGEYWI MX MW QIRXMSRIH MR XLI TEWWEKI EW SRI SJ XLI GSRWXVYGXMZI JSVGIW F] [LMGL QSYR XEMRW EVI JSVQIH

'LSMGI q:SPGERMG EGXMZMX] GSRWXVYGXMZI TVSGIWW r FIPSRKW MR XLMW GSPYQR FIGEYWI MX MW QIRXMSRIH MR XLI TEWWEKI EW SRI SJ XLI GSRWXVYGXMZI JSVGIW F] [LMGL QSYRXEMRW EVI JSVQIH

'LSMGI q;IEXLIV TVSGIWWIW HIWXVYGXMZI TVSGIWW r FIPSRKW MR XLMW GSPYQR FIGEYWI MX MW QIRXMSRIH MR XLI TEWWEKI EW SRI SJ XLI HIWXVYGXMZI JSVGIW XLEX [IEV E[E] XLI PERH

'LSMGI q7ITEVEXMSR SJ GSRXMRIRXWr HSIW RSX FIPSRK MR XLI XEFPI FIGEYWI MX RSX QIRXMSRIH MR XLI TEWWEKI EW IMXLIV E GSRWXVYGXMZI SV HIWXVYGXMZI TVSGIWW

'LSMGI q*SVQEXMSR SJ KVEWW VSSXW MR WSMPr HSIW RSX FIPSRK MR XLI XEFPI FIGEYWI MX RSX QIRXMSRIH MR XLI TEWWEKI EW IMXLIV E GSRWXVYGXMZI SV HIWXVYGXMZI TVSGIWW

%RW[IVW )\TPEREXMSRW ERH 0MWXIRMRK 7GVMTXW

0MWXIRMRK

%RW[IV /I] ERH 7IPJ 7GSVMRK 'LEVX

(MVIGXMSRW 'LIGO ]SYV ERW[IVW EKEMRWX XLI %RW[IV /I] FIPS[ ;VMXI XLI RYQFIVSR XLI PMRI XS XLI VMKLX SJ IEGL UYIWXMSR MJ ]SY TMGOIH XLI GSVVIGX ERW[IV *SV UYIWXMSRW [SVXL QSVI XLER SRI TSMRX JSPPS[ XLI HMVIGXMSRW KMZIR 8SXEP ]SYV TSMRXW EX XLI FSXXSQ SJ XLI GLEVX

5YIWXMSR 2YQFIV	'SVVIGX %RW[IV	=SYV 6E[ 4SMRXW
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC

*SV UYIWXMSR [VMXI MJ ]SY TPEGIH XLVII ERW[IV GLSMGIW GSVVIGXP] ;VMXI MJ ]SY TPEGIH X[S GLSMGIW GSVVIGXP]

	=IW
	2S	CCCCCC
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC

83)*0 M&8 4VEGXMGI 8IWX

5YIWXMSR 2YQFIV	'SVVIGX %RW[IV	=SYV 6E[ 4SMRXW
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC
		CCCCCC

*SV UYIWXMSR [VMXI MJ ]SY TPEGIH XLVII ERW[IV GLSMGIW GSVVIGXP] ;VMXI MJ ]SY TPEGIH X[S GLSMGIW GSVVIGXP]

*YRGXMSREP
4VSNIGX		CCCCCC
838%0		CCCCCC

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

F8LI IWXMQEXIW SJ WGSVIW EVI FEWIH SR XLI TIVJSVQERGI SJ WXYHIRXW [LS TEVXMGMTEXIH MR E JMIPH WXYH] JSV XLIWI PMWXIRMRK GSQTVILIRWMSR UYIWXMSRW 8LSWI WXYHIRXW XSSO XLI XIWX SR GSQTYXIV =SY XSSO ]SYV TVEGXMGI XIWX F] PMWXIRMRK XS EYHMS XVEGOW ERH ERW[IVMRK UYIWXMSRW MR E FSSO %PXLSYKL XLI X[S I\TIVMIRGIW EVI GSQTEVEFPI XLI HMJJIVIRGIW QEOI MX MQTSWWMFPI XS KMZI ER I\EGX TVIHMGXMSR SJ ]SYV WGSVI

F8LI WXYHIRXW [LS TEVXMGMTEXIH MR XLI JMIPH WXYH] [IVI ZSPYRXIIVW ERH QE] LEZI HMJJIVIH MR EZIVEKI EFMPMX] JVSQ XLI EGXYEP 83)*0 XIWX XEOMRK TSTY PEXMSR

F8LI GSRZIVWMSR SJ WGSVIW JVSQ XLI JMIPH WXYH] MR [LMGL XLIWI UYIWXMSRW [IVI EHQMRMWXIVIH XS XLI GYVVIRX 83)*0 M&8 WGEPI MRZSPZIH X[S WGEPI GSR ZIVWMSRW 'SRZIVXMRK JVSQ SRI WGEPI XS ERSXLIV EP[E]W MRZSPZIW WSQI WXE XMWXMGEP IVVSV

F=SY WLSYPH YWI ]SYV WGSVI IWXMQEXI EW E KIRIVEP KYMHI SRP] =SYV EGXYEP WGSVI SR 83)*0 M&8 QE] FI LMKLIV SV PS[IV XLER ]SYV WGSVI SR XLI TVEG XMGI WIGXMSR