Offi-Guid-TOEFL

%RW[IVW )\TPEREXMSRW ERH 0MWXIRMRK 7GVMTXW

;VMXMRK

0MWXIRMRK 7GVMTX 8STMG 2SXIW ERH 7EQTPI 6IWTSRWIW [MXL 6EXIVWt 'SQQIRXW

9WI XLI -RXIKVEXIH ;VMXMRK ERH -RHITIRHIRX ;VMXMRK 7GSVMRK 6YFVMGW SR TEKIWi ERH i XS WII LS[ VIWTSRWIW EVI WGSVIH

;VMXMRK &EWIH SR 6IEHMRK ERH 0MWXIRMRK

8VEGO 0MWXIRMRK 7GVMTX

8LI JSPPS[MRK MW XLI WGVMTX SJ XLI PIGXYVI XLEX ]SY LIEVH ERH [IVI EWOIH XS WYQ

QEVM^I

=SY ORS[ SJXIR MR WGMIRGI RI[ JMRHMRKW JSVGI YW XS VI I\EQMRI IEVPMIV FIPMIJW ERH EW WYQTXMSRW %RH E VIGIRX WXYH] SJ QIIVOEXW MW LEZMRK I\EGXP] XLMW IJJIGX 8LI WXYH] I\ EQMRIH XLI QIIVOEXtW FILEZMSV UYMXI GPSWIP] QYGL QSVI GPSWIP] XLER LEH IZIV FIIR HSRI FIJSVI %RH WSQI MRXIVIWXMRK XLMRKW [IVI JSYRH PMOI EFSYX IEXMRK LEFMXW MX WLS[IH XLEX X]TMGEPP] QIIVOEXW IEX FIJSVI XLI] WXERH KYEVHhWS XLI SRIW WXERHMRK KYEVH LEH E JYPP WXSQEGL %RH XLI WXYH] EPWS JSYRH XLEX WMRGI XLI WIRXMRIP MW XLI JMVWX XS WII E TVIHEXSV GSQMRK MXtW XLI QSWX PMOIP] XS IWGETI FIGEYWI MX SJXIR WXERHW KYEVH RIEV E FYVVS[ WS MX GER VYR MQQIHMEXIP] MRXS XLI FYVVS[ EJXIV KMZMRK XLI EPEVQ 8LI SXLIV QIIVOEXW XLI SRIW WGEXXIVIH EFSYX PSSOMRK JSV JSSH EVI EGXYEPP] MR KVIEXIV HERKIV

%RH MR JEGX SXLIV WXYHMIW LEZI WYKKIWXIH XLEX [LIR ER ERMQEP GVIEXIW ER EPEVQ

XLI EPEVQ GEPP QMKLX GEYWI XLI SXLIV KVSYT QIQFIVW IMXLIV XS KEXLIV XSKIXLIV SV IPWI

XS QSZI EFSYX ZIV] UYMGOP] FILEZMSVW XLEX QMKLX EGXYEPP] HVE[ XLI TVIHEXSVtW EXXIR

XMSR E[E] JVSQ XLI GEPPIV MRGVIEWMRK XLEX ERMQEPtW S[R GLERGIW SJ WYVZMZEP

%RH [LEX EFSYX TISTPIh[LEX EFSYX WSQI LYQER EGXW XLEX QMKLX FI GSRWMHIVIH EPXVYMWXMG# 0IXtW XEOI ER I\XVIQI GEWI YL WYTTSWI E TIVWSR HSREXIW E OMHRI] XS E VIP EXMZI SV IZIR XS E GSQTPIXI WXVERKIV % WIPJPIWW EGX VMKLX# &YX HSIWRtX XLI HSRSV VIGIMZI ETTVIGMEXMSR ERH ETTVSZEP JVSQ XLI WXVERKIV ERH JVSQ WSGMIX]# (SIWRtX XLI HSRSV KEMR ER MRGVIEWIH WIRWI SJ WIPJ [SVXL# 'SYPHRtX WYGL RSR QEXIVMEP VI[EVHW FI GSRWMHIVIH ZIV] ZEPYEFPI XS WSQI TISTPI#

5YIWXMSR

7YQQEVM^I XLI TSMRXW QEHI MR XLI PIGXYVI ]SY NYWX LIEVH FIMRK WYVI XS WTIGMJM

GEPP] I\TPEMR LS[ XLI] GEWX HSYFX SR TSMRXW QEHI MR XLI VIEHMRK

83)*0 M&8 4VEGXMGI 8IWX

8STMG 2SXIW

=SY WLSYPH YRHIVWXERH XLI QIERMRK SJ EPXVYMWQ ERH EPXVYMWXMG EGXW 8LI HIJMRM XMSRW EVI KMZIR MR XLI VIEHMRK EPXVYMWQ HIWGVMFIW FILEZMSV XLEX MW XLI STTSWMXI SJ WIPJMWLRIWW MX MW FILEZMSV XLEX FIRIJMXW ERSXLIV MRHMZMHYEP SV XLI KVSYT [MXL RS VI[EVH 8LI PIGXYVIV UYIWXMSRW [LIXLIV XLI I\EQTPIW QIIX XLI HIJMRMXMSR

% LMKL WGSVMRK VIWTSRWI [MPP MRGPYHI XLI JSPPS[MRK TSMRXW QEHI F] XLI PIG XYVIV

4SMRX 1EHI MR 6IEHMRK	'SRXVEWXMRK 4SMRX JVSQ XLI 0IGXYVI
,YQER SVKER HSRSVW KEMR	8LI HSRSVW VIGIMZI ETTVIGMEXMSR ERH
RSXLMRK JVSQ XLIMV EGXMSR	ETTVSZEP JVSQ XLI VIWX SJ WSGMIX]
7IRXMRIP QIIVOEXW KS [MXLSYX	7IRXMRIPW EGXYEPP] IEX FIJSVI XLI
JSSH XS WXERH KYEVH	SXLIV QIIVOEXW
7IRXMRIP QIIVOEXW TPEGI XLIQWIPZIW	7IRXMRIPW EVI EGXYEPP] XLI JMVWX XS
MR HERKIV JVSQ TVIHEXSVW	IWGETI XLI TVIHEXSVW

6IWTSRWIW WGSVMRK ERH HMWGYWW EPXVYMWXMG RSR EPXVYMWXMG EWTIGXW SJ XLI XLVII TSMRXW MR XLI XEFPI LYQER SVKER HSREXMSR QIIVOEX WIRXMRIP IEXMRK FILEZMSV ERH

QIIVOEX WIRXMRIP EFMPMX] XS IWGETI

7EQTPI 6IWTSRWIW [MXL 6EXIVWt 'SQQIRXW

8LI PIGXYVI GSQTPIXIP] VIJYXIW XLI TEWWEKI -X MW WEMH MR XLI PIGXYVI XLEX XLI TIVGIMZIH EGXW SJ EPXVYMWQ EVI RSXLMRK QSVI XLER WRIEO] QIXLSHW SJ KEMRMRK EHZERXEKI JSV SRIt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qEPXVYMWXMGr HYX] ERH LEZI E FIXXIV GLERGI SJ IWGETMRK JVSQ HERKIV FIGEYWI XLI] [MXRIWW MX MJVWX 4VSJJIWSV EPWS SJJIVW E HMJJIVIRX YRHIVP]MRK QSXMZEXMSR XLEX GEYWIW TISTPI XS FIPMIZI XLEX EGXW WYGL EW HSREXMRK ER SVKER SV WLEVMRK JSSH [MXL WSQISRI MR RIIH EVI EPXVYMWXMG 7LI WE]W XLEX TISTPI KEMR ETTVIGMEXMSR EW E VIWYPX SJ WYGL EGXW [LMGL QE] FI HIIQIH F] WSQI QYGL QSVI MQTSVXERX XLER QEXIVMEPMWXMG KEMRW

8LMW ERW[IV QIIXW EPP XLI GVMXIVME JSV E 0IZIP VIWTSRWI XS ER MRXIKVEXIH XEWO 8LI [VMXIV HSIW E KSSH NSF SJ WIPIGXMRK JVEQMRK ERH MRXIV[IEZMRK TSMRXW JVSQ XLI PIG XYVI ERH VIEHMRK I\TPMGMXP] ERH JPYIRXP] TVIWIRXMRK EGGYVEXI GSRRIGXMSRW FIX[IIR XLI VIPIZERX TSMRXW %PP XLVII TSMRXW QEHI F] XLI PIGXYVIV EVI MRGPYHIH 0ERKYEKI MW YWIH EGGYVEXIP] ERH IJJIGXMZIP] ERH XLI SZIVEPP TMIGI MW [IPP SVKERM^IH

%RW[IVW )\TPEREXMSRW ERH 0MWXIRMRK 7GVMTXW

&EIH SR XLI PIGXYVI QIIVOEXW EGXYEPP] HS RSX WEGVMJMGI XLIQWIPJ F] FIGSQMRK E WIRXMRIP *MVWXP] XLI QIIVOEXW XLEX FIGSQI E WIRXMRIP YWYEPP] IEXW FIJSVI 7IGSRHP] XLIWI QIIVOEXW YWYEPP] WXERHMRK KYEVH RIEV XLIMV FYVVS[W %W E VIWYPX [LIR E TVIHEXSV MW WIIR XLI] VEMWI ER EPEVQ ERH VIEGL E WEJI TPEGI FIJSVI XLI SXLIV QIIVOEXW XLEX LYRX JSV JSSH 8LMW WLS[W XLEX XLIWI QIIVOEXW HS RSX TYX XLIQWIPZIW MR HERKIV -R JEGX XLI PIGXYVIV [EVRIH XLEX XLI XLI EPEVQ VEMWIH F] XLIWI QIIVOEXW GSYPH FI LEVQJYPP JSV XLI SXLIV QIIVOEXW 3RI SJ XLI VIEWSR MW XLEX XLI VIWTSRWIW SJ XLI SXLIV QIIVOEXW XS XLI EPEVQ QMKLX EXXVEGX EXXIRXMSR JVSQ XLI TVIHEXSV &EWIH SR XLIWI VIEWSRW QIIVOEXW GER RSX FI YWIH EW ER I\EQTPI SJ E QEQQEP XLEX TIVJSVQW EPXVYMWXMG FILEZMSV

8LI PIGXYVI EPWS TSMRXIH SYX XLEX MX MW RSX EP[E]W XVYI XLEX MRHMZMHYEPW TIV JSVQMRK EPXVYMWXMG EGXW KEMR RSXLMRKW JSV XLIQWIPZIW *SV I\EQTPI [LIR E QER KMZI SRI SJ LMW LIV OMHRI] XS E JEQMP] QIQFIV SV IZIR E WXVERKIV LMW LIV WIPJ [SVXL MRGVIEWI ,I WLI JIIPW YWIJYPP JSV SXLIV TISTPI 8LIVIJSVI LI WLI KEMR WSQIXLMRK JVSQ LMW LIV EGXMSR

-R WYQ EPXVYMWQ FILEZMSV MR ERMQEP ERH LYQER MW UYIWXMSRIH -X MW HMJJMGYPX JSV MRHMZMHYEPW WEGVMJMGMIW MXW S[R MRXIVIWX [MXLSYX KEMR ER]XLMRK JSV XLIQWIPZIW

8LMW VIWTSRWI MRGPYHIW EPP XLI QEMR TSMRXW SJ XLI PIGXYVI 8LI JMVWX TEVEKVETL FIKMRW [MXL E GPIEV WXEXIQIRX XLEX WIRXMRIP QIIVOEXW HS RSX WEGVMJMGI XLIQWIPZIW 8LIVI EVI WXVSRK GSRGPYHMRK WXEXIQIRXW MR IEGL SJ XLI JMVWX X[S TEVEKVETLW XLEX EVI UYMXI I\TPMGMX EFSYX XLI MQTSVX SJ XLI WIRXMRIP FILEZMSV ERH XLI SVKER HSRE XMSR 8LI GSRRIGXMSRW XS XLI VIEHMRK GSYPH FI WXVSRKIV 8LI [VMXIV WE]W XLEX XLI WIRXMRIP QIIVOEX IEXW qFIJSVI r FYX HSIW RSX QEOI ER I\TPMGMX GSRXVEWX XS XLI TEW WEKI [LMGL WE]W XLEX WIRXMRIP QIIVOEXW KS [MXLSYX IEXMRK 8LI GSRGPYWMSR MR XLI JMREP TEVEKVETL MW ZEKYI qEPXVYMWQ MW UYIWXMSRIHr 3R FEPERGI XLIR XLMW VIWTSRWI MW E PIZIP [MXL QMRSV ZEKYIRIWW ERH SQMWWMSR -R XIVQW SJ PERKYEKI XLIVI EVI E RYQFIV SJ QMRSV IVVSVW qXLIQWIPJ r QMWWMRK ZIVF MR XLI WIRXIRGI FIKMRRMRK q7IGSRHP] r qSRI SJ XLI VIEWSR r qE QER KMZI r q-X MW HMJJMGYPX JSV MRHM ZMHYEPW WEGVMJMGMIW r

%GSVHMRK XS XLI PIGXYVI I\EQMRMK GPSWIP] XS XLI IEXMRK LEFMXW SJ QIIVOEXW XLIWI ERMQEPW EVI RSX EPXVYMWXMG QEMRP] FIGEYWI XLI WIRXMRIP FIJSVI WXERHMRK KYEVH IEXW 7S XLEX MX LEW E JYPP WXSQEGL %RSXLIV JEGX MW XLEX XLI WIRXMRIP FIMRK XLI JMVWX XLEX WIIW XLI TVIHEXSV MW EFPI XS FI XLI JMVWX MR IWGETI %PWS XLI SXLIV QIIVOEXW XLEX EVI LYRXMRK ERH PSSOMRK JSV JSSH EVI XLI SRIW MR HERKIV 'SRWMHIVMRK XLI EPXVYMWXMG LYQER EGXW XLI HSREXMSR SJ FSH] SVKERW WLSYPHRtX FI GSRWMHIVIH PMOI XLEX QEMRP] FIGEYWI [LIR E TIVWSR HSREXIW ER SVKER LI SV WLI VIGIMZIW ETTVIGMEXMSR ERH VIGSKRMXMSR SJ WSGMIX]

&IGEYWI SJ XLMW TSMRXW XLI PIGXYVI QMKLX QEOI XLI VIEHIV HSYFX QEMRP] FIGEYWI

83)*0 M&8 4VEGXMGI 8IWX

XLI IEXMRK LEFMXW SJ XLI QIIVOEXW LEZI FIIR WXYHMIH GPSWIP] KMZMRK EVKYQIRXW MR

SVHIV XS NYWXMJ] XLEX QIIVOEXW EVIRtX HSMRK EPXVYMWXMG EGXW

8LI SXLIV EVKYQIRX EFSYX LYQER ERH XLIMV EPXVYMWXMG EGXMSRW WSYRHW PSKMGEP ERH E WMXYMEXMSR MR [LMGL E TIVWSR [SYPH HSREXI SVKERW NYWX XS KIX ETTVIGMEXMSR SJ WSGMIX] GSYPW FI TVSFEFPI

&IGEYWI SJ XLMW FSXL VIEHMRK ERH PIGXYVI EVI GSQTPIXIP] STTSWMXI QMKLX QEOI XLI YWIV HSYFX ERH VIJPIGX QSVI EFSYX EPXVYMWQ

8LMW VIWTSRWI MW EX PIZIP 3R XLI TSWMXMZI WMHI XLI VIWTSRWI MRGPYHIW EPP XLI JEGXW SJ XLI WIRXMRIP QIIVOEX JVSQ XLI PIGXYVI EW [IPP EW SVKER HSREXMSR ,S[IZIV MX MW ZIV] ZEKYI MR LS[ MX VIPEXIW WII XLI 0IZIP HIWGVMTXMSR MR XLI 7GSVMRK +YMHI XLI ZEVMSYW TSMRXW MR XLI PIGXYVI XS XLI TSMRXW MR XLI VIEHMRK 8LIVI MW RS GPIEV VIJIV IRGI XS XLI GPEMQ MR XLI VIEHMRK XLEX XLI WIRXMRIP MW WEGVMJMGMRK JSSH SV ER] I\TPE REXMSR SJ XLI SXLIV QIIVOEXW FIMRK MR HERKIV 8LI WXEXIQIRX GSQQIRXMRK SR SVKER HSREXMSR q8LI SXLIV EVKYQIRX EFSYX LYQER ERH XLIMV EPXVYMWXMG EGXMSRW WSYRHW PSKMGEP ERH E WMXYEXMSR MR [LMGL E TIVWSR [SYPH HSREXI SVKERW NYWX XS KIX ETTVIGMEXMSR SJ WSGMIX] GSYPH FI TVSFEFPI r MW RSX ZIV] GPIEV

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

8LI SXLIV I\EQTPI XLEX MW KMZIR MW [MXL LYQERW % GPIEV I\EQTPI [EW KMZIR XS WLS[ LS[ WIPJMWLPIWW [SVOW MR LYQEW FIMRKW ;LIR E TIVWSR [ERXW XS HSREXI ER SVKER XS WSQIFSH] [LS MW TEVX SJ XLI JEQMP] SV RSX QE] FI XLEX TIVWSR I\TIGXW XLI XJEQMP] SJ XLI TIVWSR XLE LEW VIGIMZIH XLI SVKER XS KMZI LMQ SV LIV XLEROW FIGEYWI SJ XLEX JEZSYV 7S MR XLEX WIRWI XLI] QEOI GPIEV XLEX XLIVI MW E WIRWI SJ WIPJMWLRIWW MR LYQER FIMRKW FIGEYWI XLI] I\TIGX WSQIXMRK FEGO ,S[IZIV QIIVOEXW HS RSX LEZI E WIRWI SJ EPXYVMWQ XLI] NYWX HS XLIMV NSF [MXLSYX I\TIGXMRK ER]XLMRK FEGO JVSQ XLIMV GSQQYRMX]

8LI FIWX TEVX SJ XLMW VIWTSRWI MW XLI I\TPEREXMSR SJ XLI PIGXYVIVtW TSMRX XLEX SVKER HSREXMSR GER FI WIIR JVSQ E WIPJMWL TSMRX SJ ZMI[ ,S[IZIV MX QMWVITVIWIRXW XLI GSRGITX SJ EPXVYMWQ ERH MW GSRJYWIH EFSYX XLI QIERMRK SJ XLI MRJSVQEXMSR JVSQ XLI PIGXYVI EFSYX XLI WIRXMRIPtW LEZMRK IEXIR 8LI VIWTSRWI QMWVITVIWIRXW XLI TSMRX SJ XLI PIGXYVI F] WE]MRK XLEX LYQERW EVI WIPJMWL FYX QIIVOEXW EVI XVYP] EPXVYMWXMG &IGEYWI SJ XLI WMKRMJMGERX MREGGYVEGMIW EFSYX FSXL XLI PIGXYVI ERH XLI VIEHMRK XLMW VIWTSRWI MW EX PIZIP

%RW[IVW )\TPEREXMSRW ERH 0MWXIRMRK 7GVMTXW

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

8LMW PIGXYVI QEOI SYV IEW] XS YRHIVWXERH ERH SVKERM^I XLMW PIGXYVI MR QMRH -X WLS[W WLSVX WYQQEV] EFSYX XLMW VIEHMRK ERH EPWS KMZI YW WSQI HIXEMP MRJSVQEXMSR 8LEX MW SYXPMRH SJ XLMW VIEHMRK -R EHHMXMSR IZIV] GSRXIRXW MW VIPEXIH XS XLI VIEHMRK ERH EPWS SJJIV WSQI QSVI MRJSVQEXMSR *SV XLMW VIEWSR [I GER QEOI WYVI EFSYX XLMW VIEHMRK

)ZIR XLSYKL XLMW VIWTSRWI WIIQW XS MRGPYHI WSQI MRJSVQEXMSR JVSQ XLI PIGXYVIXLI JEGX XLEX XLI KYEVH QIIVOEX qMW JYPP WXSQEGLr MX HSIW RSX WLS[ LS[ XLI MRJSVQEXMSR YRHIVQMRIW XLI RSXMSR SJ EPXVYMWQ MR QIIVOEXW MJ ER]XLMRK MX MW WSQILS[ GSRWXVYIH EW WYTTSVXMRK XLI GSRGITX SJ QIIVOEX EPXVYMWQ 8LI WIGSRH TEVEKVETL GSRXEMRW WIZIVI PERKYEKI TVSFPIQW ERH GSQQYRMGEXIW RSXLMRK XS JYP JMPPMRK XLI XEWO *SV XLIWI VIEWSRW XLMW MW E PIZIP VIWTSRWI

;VMXMRK &EWIH SR )\TIVMIRGI ERH /RS[PIHKI

8STMG

7SQI ]SYRK EHYPXW [ERX MRHITIRHIRGI JVSQ XLIMV TEVIRXW EW WSSR EW TSWWMFPI 3XLIV ]SYRK EHYPXW TVIJIV XS PMZI [MXL XLIMV JEQMPMIW JSV E PSRKIV XMQI ;LMGL SJ XLIWI WMXYEXMSRW HS ]SY XLMRO MW FIXXIV# 9WI WTIGMJMG VIEWSRW ERH I\EQTPIW XS WYT TSVX ]SYV STMRMSR

8STMG 2SXIW

8LMW XSTMG MR IJJIGX IUYEXIW MRHITIRHIRGI [MXL PMZMRK ETEVX JVSQ SRItW JEQMP] &SXL FVSEHIV ERH REVVS[IV HIJMRMXMSRW SJ MRHITIRHIRGI ERH qRSR MRHITIRHIRGIr EVI EGGITXEFPI EW TSWWMFPI VIWTSRWIW XS XLI KMZIR XSTMG IZIR XLSYKL E QENSVMX] SJ [VMXIVW [MPP [VMXI XS XLI HMGLSXSQ] TVIWIRXIH F] XLI TVSQTX 7SQI [VMXIVW XEOI E KIRIVEP SZIVZMI[ ERH XLIMV GLSMGIW ERH I\EQTPIW EVI KIRIVEP ERH qTLMPSWSTLMGEP r 3XLIVW YWI WTIGMJMG TIVWSREP I\EQTPIW SV TIVWSREP REVVEXMZIW MR XLIMV ETTVSEGL XS XLI XSTMG 7SQI [VMXIVW XEOI E WTIGMJMG WMHI SJ XLI MWWYI ERH SXLIVW ETTVSEGL XLI XSTMG F] HMWGYWWMRK GSRHMXMSRW YRHIV [LMGL MX MW FIXXIV XS QSZI E[E] ERH GSRHM XMSRW YRHIV [LMGL E ]SYRK EHYPX QMKLX HS FIXXIV XS WXE] PSRKIV [MXL XLI JEQMP] %PP XLIWI ETTVSEGLIW EVI ZEPMH SR XSTMG VIWTSRWIW ERH EVI NYHKIH F] XLI VEXIVW SR XLIMV QIVMXW EGGSVHMRK XS XLI WGSVMRK KYMHIPMRIW JSV XLMW XEWO X]TI

83)*0 M&8 4VEGXMGI 8IWX

7EQTPI 6IWTSRWIW [MXL 6EXIVWt 'SQQIRXW

)ZIV] ]SYRK EHYPXW [MPP KVS[ ERH PMZI ETEVX JVSQ XLIMV TEVIRXW XS JSVQ XLIMV S[R JEQMPMIW 8LI EKIW JSV XLSWI ]SYRK EHYPXW XS FI MRHITIRHIRX HITIRHW SR IEGL TIVWSR 7SQI TISTPI QE] LEZI XS PMZI PSRKIV [MXL XLIMV TEVIRXW ERH WSQI SXLIVW QE] RSX 8LMW IWWE] [MPP HMWGYWW XLI MWWYI SJ MRHITIRHIRX PMJI ERH PMZMRK [MXL XLIMV JEQMPMIW JSV E PSRKIV XMQI

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

8LI XMQI XS PMZI MRHITIRHIRXP] HITIRHW SR XLI TIVWSR LMQWIPJ ,I SV WLI QYWX HIGMHI [LIXLIV XLI] EVI VIEH] XS PIEZI XLIMV TEVIRXW XS LEZI ER MRHITIRHIRX PMJI SV RSX 8LI HIGMWMSR [MPP ZEV] JVSQ SRI TIVWSR XS ERSXLIV % TIVWSR WLSYPH NYHKI XLEX LI MW GETEFPI SJ JYPJMPPMRK LMW RIIHW [MXLSYX FIMRK HITIRHIRX SR LMW TEVIRXW XLMW MRHMGEXIW XLEX LI MW VIEH] JSV LMW MRHITIRHIRX PMJI 3XLIV[MWI LI QMKLX RIIH XS WXE] PSRKIV [MXL LMW TEVIRXW

8LMW [IPP HIZIPSTIH IWWE] QIIXW EPP XLI GVMXIVME JSV IEVRMRK E WGSVI SJ 8LI [VMXIV HIZIPSTW XLI XSTMG XLVSYKL E HIXEMPIH HMWGYWWMSR SJ MRHITIRHIRGI ERH SJ XLI WYMXEFMPMX] SJ PMZMRK MRHITIRHIRXP] 8LI IWWE] MW YRMJMIH ERH GSLIVIRX 7IR XIRGI WXVYGXYVI MW ZEVMIH IWTIGMEPP] MR TEVEKVETLW ERH 8LI [VMXIV HSIW RSX YWI LMKL PIZIP ZSGEFYPEV] FYX [SVH GLSMGI MW GSVVIGX XLVSYKLSYX 8LIVI EVI QMRSV IVVSVW q9RMZIVWMX] KVEHYEXIH WXYHIRXW r qJYPJMPP XLIMV RIGIWWMXMIWr FYX XLIWI MR RS [E] MRXIVVYTX XLI JPS[ SV QIERMRK SJ XLI IWWE]

-RHITIRHIRGI ;LS HSIWRtX [ERX MRHITIRHIGI# &YX XLI FMKKIV UYIWXMSR MW LS[

QYGL SJ ER MRHITIRHIRGI MW FIMRK HMWGYWWIH LIVI# +IRIVEPP] [LIR XIIREKIVW

KVS[ YT XLIMV RIIHW ERH LEFMX SJ PMZMRK GLERKI 7SQI [SYPH PMOI XLIMV TEVIRXW XS

%RW[IVW )\TPEREXMSRW ERH 0MWXIRMRK 7GVMTXW

FI MR GSRXVSP SJ XLI QENSV HIGMWMSRW SJ XLIMV PMZIW [LMPI SR XLI SXLIV LERH WSQI [SYPH RSX PMOI XLIMV TEVIRXW XS FI MRZSPZIH MR ER] WSVX SJ HIGMWMSR QEOMRK TVSGIWW SJ XLIMV PMZIW -R Q] STMRMSR XLI ]SYRK EHYPXW WLSYPH EP[E]W GSRWYPX XLIMV TEVIRXW EW XLIMV KYMHIW - [MPP XV] XS HIQSRWXVEXI Q] TSMRX MR XLI JSPPS[MRK TEVEKVETLW

0IXt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tX EWO EVSYRH MJ XLI] HSRtX PSSO EX XLI [MHIV TMGXYVI LS[ EVI XLI] WYTTSWIH XS IRH YT EX XLIMV ZIV] FIWX STTSVXYRMX]# 8LMW MW [LEX MW ORS[R EW E QEOMRK FVIEOMRK TSMRX FIGEYWI XLMW HIGMWMSR SJ XLIMVW GER QEOI SV FVIEO E ZIV] TS[IVJYP TSXIRXMEP JYXYVI

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

8S WYQ MX YT MX MW ZIV] KSSH MHIE XS EWO JSV TEVIRXW KYMHIW ERH MW RIZIV E FEH E MHIE XS KMZI YT E TEVX SJ MRHITIRHIRGI JSV E FIXXIV JYXYVI

8LMW IWWE] LEW E VEXLIV MRJSVQEP GSRZIVWEXMSREP XSRI ERH ER qEVKYQIRXr XLEX MW GSLIVIRXP] ERH JYPP] HIZIPSTIH 7IRXIRGI WXVYGXYVI MW ZEVMIH XLVSYKLSYX ERH XLI [VMXIV GSRWMWXIRXP] HIQSRWXVEXIW GSQQERH SJ PERKYEKI ERH )RKPMWL MHMSQW IWTIGMEPP] F] YWMRK ZEVMSYW MRJSVQEP I\TVIWWMSRW q0IXtW EWWYQI r q[I [SYPH EPP EKVII r qGER QEOI SV FIEO r qGSQI MR ZIV] LERH]r 8LI IWWE] QIIXW EPP XLI GVMXI VME JSV E WGSVI SJ

8LIVI EVI HMJJIVIRX STMRMSR VIKEVHMRK LS[ PSRK ]SYRK EHYPXW WLSYPH PMZI [MXL XLIMV TEVIRXW 7SQI EVKYIW XLEX XLI WSSRIV E ]SYRK EHYPXW FIGSQI MRHITIRHIRGI MW XLI FIXXIV [LMPI SXLIV XLMRO XLEX MX [MPP FI FIRIJMGMEP MJ XLI] GER PMZI [MXL XLIMV TEVIRXW PSRKIV -R Q] STMRMSR FSXL LEZI TSWMXMZI ERH RIKEXMZI WMHIW 8LMW IWWE] [MPP TVSZMHI EVKYQIRXW JSV IEGL GEWI

7SQI ]SYRK EHYPXW JEZSV JSV PIEZMRK XLIMV TEVIRXW WSSR 8LI] [ERX XS PMZI JVII MRHITIRHIRGI JVSQ XLIMV TEVIRXWt WYTIVZMWMSR 8LI KSSH XLMRK EFSYX FIMRK MRHITIRHIRGI EW WSSR EW TSWWMFPI MW XLEX XLI] GER PIEVR LS[ XS PMZI F] XLIQWIPZIW 8LI] QYWX XLMRO LS[ XS WYTTSVX XLIMV PMZMRK SXLIV[MWI XLI] [MPP WXMPP RIIH XLI LIPT

83)*0 M&8 4VEGXMGI 8IWX

SJ XLIMV TEVIRXW ERH GER RSX FI MRHITIRHIRGI 0MZMRK MR XLIMV S[R [MPP XIEGL XLIQ LS[ XS FI XSYKL MR JEGMRK VIEP HMJJMGYPXMIW &YX WXE]MRK E[E] JVSQ TEVIRXW WSSR GSYPH EPWS PIEH XS RIKEXMZI FILEZMSYV MJ XLI ]SYRK EHYPXW GER RSX GSRXVSP XLIQWIPZIW 8LI] QMKLX XLMRO XLEX XLI] GER HS [LEXIZIV XLI] [ERX [MXL XLI JVMIRHW XLI] PMOI -J XLIMV JVMIRHW KMZI FEH MRJPYIRGI SR XLIQ RS SRI [MPP [EVR XLIQ ERH XLI] GER LEZI TVSFPIQW 8LYW - [MPP EKVII JSV ]SYRK EHYPXW XS FIGSQI MRHITIRHIRGI EW WSSR EW TSWWMFPI MJ XLI] EVI EPVIEH] QEXYVI IRSYKL ERH EFPI XS GSRXVSP XLIQWIPZIW 4EVIRXW GER LIPT XS NYHKI XLMW FIJSVI XLI] VIPIEWI XLIQ

-R XLI GEWI SJ ]SYRK EHYPX MW RSX QEXYVI IRSYKL - FIPMIZI XLEX WXE]MRK [MXL TEVIRXW [MPP FI FIXXIV 4EVIRXW GER TVSZMHI KYMHERGI ERH LIPT [LIR XLIMV GLMPHVIR RIIH MX &YX MJ XLI GLMPHVIR MW FIGSQI XSS HITIRHIRX SR XLIMV TEVIRXW XLI] [MPP LEZI HMJJMGYPXMIW MR XLIMV SPHIV PMZIW SJ FIGSQMRK MRHITIRHIGI EW XLI TEVIRXW [MPP RSX FI EZEMPEFPI JSV XLIQ ER]QSVI 7S TEVIRXW MR WSQI [E] WLSYPH XIEGL XLIMV GLMPHVIR EFSYX MRHITIRHIRGI JSV I\EQTPI F] KMZMRK XLIQ VIWTSRWMFMPMXMIW XLEX WLSYPH FI LERHPIH [MXLSYX WYTIVZMWMSR

&EWIH SR XLSWI EVKYQIRXW - [SYPH PMOI XS WE] XLEX IMXLIV [E] GSYPH FI FIXXIV XLEX XLI SXLIV HITIRHMRK SR XLI QEXYVMX] SJ ]SYRK EHYPXW XLIQWIPZIW -J XLI] EVI QEXYVI ERH LEZI WIPJ GSRXVSP XLIR PMZMRK MRHITIRHIRXP] MW FIXXIV SXLIV[MWI XLI] FIXXIV WXE] [MXL XLIMV TEVIRXW YRXMP VIEH]

8LI TSMRXW QEHI MR XLMW IWWE] EVI XLSVSYKLP] HIZIPSTIH ERH GSRGVIXIP] WYT TSVXIH 8LI IWWE] MW [IPP SVKERM^IH ERH GSLIVIRX [MXL E RMGI JPS[ ;LEX OIITW XLI VIWTSRWI JVSQ WGSVMRK E MW XLI RYQFIV SJ RSXMGIEFPI IVVSVW MR WXVYGXYVI ERH [SVH GLSMGI q7SQI EVKYIW r qJEZSV JSV PIEZMRK r qPMZMRK MR XLIMV S[R r qFIGSQI MRHITIRHIRGI r qMJ XLI GLMPHVIR MW FIGSQI XSS HITIRHIRX r 2SRI SJ XLIWI IVVSVW MRXIVJIVIW [MXL QIERMRK FYX XLIMV UYERXMX] ERH IJJIGX IEVRW XLI IWWE] E WGSVI SJ

-RHITIRHIRGI JVSQ XLI JEQMP] EX IEVP] WXEKIW SJ PMJI MW E GSQQSR TLIRSQIRE I\MWXW MR SYV WSGMIX] QSZMRK SYX JVSQ XLI JEQMP] LSYWI XS PMZI SR ]SYV S[R MR IEVP] EKIW SJ ]SYV EHYPX PMJI LEW ER EHZERXEKIW ERH HMWEHZERXEKIW ,S[IZIV XLI HMWEHZERXEKIW SYX[IMKL XLI EHZERXEKIW

-RHITIRHIRG] MW KIRIVEPP] KSSH ERH LIPTJYP JSV XLI MRHMZMHYEP FIGEYWI MX XIEGLIW MRHMZMHYEPW LS[ XS XEOI GEVI SJ HMJJIVIRX VIWTSRWMFMPMXMIW ERH LS[ XS LERHPI XLMRKW F] ]SYVWIPJ TISTPI RIIHW XS ORS[ LS[ XS PMZI MRHITIRHIRXP] SJ SXLIVW FIGEYWI IZIRXYEPP] XLI] [MPP LEZI XS 7S XLI HIWMVI XS KIX ]SYV MRHITIRHIRGI JVSQ ]SYV JEQMP] [LIR ]SY EVI ]SYRK EHYPX MW KSSH FIGEYWI MX WLS[W XLI WSQI OMRH SJ MRHMZMHYEP QEXYVMX] JSV FIMRK E[EVI SJ XLI YPXMQEXI WMXYEXMSR [LIR ]SY LEZI XS QSZI SYX ERH PMZI SR ]SYV S[R

3R XLI SXLIV LERH EHYPXW WLSYPH GSRWMHIV QSZMRK SYX [LIR XLI] EVI WYVI XLEX XLI] EVI VIEH] JSV MX &IMRK VIEH] MRGPYHIW FIMRK JMRERGMEPP] TL]WMGEPP] ERH TW]GLSPSKMGEPP] VIEH] 3RI QENSV EHZERXEKI JSV WXE]MRK [MXL ]SYV TEVIRXW MW

%RW[IVW )\TPEREXMSRW ERH 0MWXIRMRK 7GVMTXW

JMRERGMEPP] EHZERXEKI &IGEYWI SRI KIXW XS WEZI QSRI] FIX[IIR XLI VIWMHIRG] ERH HEMP] PMZMRK MWWYIW

2S[EHE]W PMJI LEW FIGSQI LEVHIV JSV XLI RI[ KIRIVEXMSRW XS PMZI ERH OIIT YT [MXL %RH MR SVHIV XS HS XLEX MRHMZMHYEPPW RIIHW XS FI JYPP] IUYMTIH MR XIVQW SJ IHYGEXMSR WYTTSVX ERH QEXYVMX] %RH F] WXE]MRK [MXL XLI JEQMP] SRI [SYPH RSX LEZI XS [SVV] EFSYX EPSX SJ MWWYIW MRWXIEH SRI [MPP GSRGIVRXVEXI QSVI SR KIXXMRK IUYMTIH JSV XLI RI\X WXIT MR LMW PMJI [LMGL MW QSZMRK SYX ERH KIXXMRK MRHITIRHIRX SJ SXLIVW

-R GSRGPYWMSR EPXLSYKL QSZMRK SYX [LIR ]SY EVI WXMPP E ]SYRK EHYPX XS PMZI MRHITIRHIRXP] JVSQ XLI JEQMP] LEW WSQI KSSH TSMRX XLI HMWEHZERXEKIW SJ MX SZIVGSQI XLIWI KSSH TSMRXW

8LMW IWWE] MW GPIEVP] SVKERM^IH ERH YRMJMIH XLSYKL MX HSIW VIQEMR SR E JEMVP] EFWXVEGX PIZIP -X MW EPWS KIRIVEPP] [IPP HIZIPSTIH 7IRXIRGI WXVYGXYVI MW ZEVMIH FYX XLIVI EVI RSXMGIEFPI IVVSVW MR W]RXE\ ERH I\TVIWWMSR qMW JMRERGMEPP] EHZERXEKI q qLEW ER EHZERXEKIW r q&IGEYWI SRI KIXW XS WEZI QSRI] FIX[IIR XLI VIWMHIRG] ERH HEMP] PMZMRK MWWYIW r qKIXXMRK MRHITIRHIRX SJ SXLIVWr 8LIWI IVVSVW IEVR XLMW IWWE] E WGSVI SJ

6MKLX RS[ EHYPXW LEZI HMJJIVIRX TSMRXW SJ ZMI[ EFSYX PMZI -RHITIRHIRX JVSQ XLIMV TEVIRXW EW WSSR EW TSWWMFPI SV GSRXMRYI XS XS PMZI [MXL XLIMV TEVIRXW 0MZI [MXL ]SYV TEVIRXW LEZI QER] HMJJIVIRXW EHZERXEKI *MVWX WSQI TISTPI HSRX [ERX XS LEZI VIWTSWEFMPMXMIW XLI] [ERX XLIMV TEVIRXW WXMPP XEOI XLI HIWMGMSR *SV I\EQTPI LSYWIt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

&SXL PMZI MRHITIRHMIRX ERH PMZI [MXL ]SYV TEVIRXW LEZI QER] HMJJIVIRX HMWEHZERXEKI 3R XLI JMVWX TSMRXW SJ ZMI[ PMZI MRHITIRHMIRX XLI QSWX MQTSVXERX TVSFPIQ MW QSRI] ERH I\TIRWMZI *SV I\EQTPI VMKLX RS[ ]SYRK EHYPXW RIIH XS JMRH E KSSH NSF JSV PMZI MR E KSSH TPEGI FIGEYWI VIRXW EVI I\TIRWMZI -X MW XLI WEQI [MXL JSSH ERH WIVZMGIW 8LI] RIIH XS LEZI E I\GIPPIRX MQGSQI XS PMZI MR KSSH GSRHMXMSRW %PWS XLI] RIIH XS [SVO MR XLI LSYWI EPSRK FIGEYWI HSRX LEZI GSQTER] 8LI] RIIH XS GPIER HS XLI PEYRHV] FY] XLI JSSH ERH GSSO EPSRK %PXLSYKL TITSPI XLMRO PMZI MRHITIRHMIRX LEZI E LYKI WEGVMJMIW EPWS PMZI [MXL XLIMV TEVIRXW MX MW HMJJMGYPX ERH LEZI E PSX SJ HMWEHZERXEKI *SV I\EQTPI [LIR TISTPI PMZI [MXL XLMIV TEVIRXW LEZI QER] HMJJIVIRX PMQMXEXMSR [MXL EGXMZMXMIW MR XLI LSYWI IZIV] XMQI RIIH XS RIKSGMEXI [MXL ]SYV JEQMP] -R EHHMXMSR

83)*0 M&8 4VEGXMGI 8IWX

8LMW IWWE] MW WSQI[LEX HIZIPSTIH ERH MW PSRKIV XLER XLI EZIVEKI IWWE] [MXL E WGSVI SJ -X LEW E GSLIVIRX SVKERM^EXMSR FEWIH SR HIWGVMFMRK XLI TVSW ERH GSRW SJ PMZMRK ETEVX JVSQ SRItW TEVIRXW ERH PMZMRK [MXL XLIQ [MXL WYTTSVXMRK TSMRXW -R WSQI GEWIW LS[IZIV XLMW ETTVSEGL PIEHW XS VIHYRHERG] IWTIGMEPP] XS[EVH XLI IRH SJ XLI IWWE] %HHMXMSREPP] IZIR HMWGSYRXMRK X]TSKVETLMGEP QMWXEOIW XLI ZEVMSYW IVVSVW GPIEVP] VIZIEP [IEORIWW MR GSQQERH SJ PERKYEKI q0MZI [MXL ]SYV TEVIRXW LEZI QER] HMJJIVIRXW EHZERXEKI r qXLI QSWX MQTSVXERX TVSFPIQ MW I\TIRWMZI r 1IERMRK MW EPWS WSQIXMQIW SFWGYVIH qLSYWItW VIWSRWEFMPMXMIW SV TE]W r q8LI] RIIH XS [SVO MR XLI LSYWI EPSRK FIGEYWI HSRX LEZI GSQTER]r

=SYRK EHYPXW WLS[ HMJJIVIRX TEXXIVRW SJ FILEZMSV [LIR XLI] LEZI XS HIGMHI [LIXLIV GSRXMRYMRK XS PMZI [MXL XLIMV JEQMP] SV RSX *SV MRWXERGI MR 9RMXIH 7XEXIW ]SYRK EHYPXW TVIJIV XS PMZI WITEVEXIH JVSQ XLI] TEVIRXW EW WSSR EW TSWWMFPI 8LMW XIRHIRG] VIJPIGXW [MWIW SJ JVIIHSQ ERH MRHITIRHIRGI %PXSYKL XLIWI FILEZMSV LEW VIQEVOEFPI EHZERXEKIW ERH HMWEHZERXEKI XLI EHZERXEKI GER SZIV[LIPQ XLI RIKEXMZI IJJIGXW

-X MW MQTSVXERX XS VIGSKRM^I XLEX F] PMZMRK WITEVEXIH JVSQ TEVIRXW SV JEQMP] GER FI QSVI VMWOIH XLER PMZMRK [MXL XLIQ QER] ]SYRK EHYPXW EVI ZMGXMQW SJ KVSYT TVIWWYVI ERH KERKW FIGEYWI SJ XLIMVW TEVIRXW EFWIRGI

,S[IZIV E WMKRMJMGERX EHZERXEKI SJ PMZMRK F] SRWIPJ MW XLEX TISTPI HIZIPST PIHIEVWLMT WOMPPW -RHMZMHYEPW XLEX PMZI F] XLIQWIPZIW PIEVR XS HS ERH WYWXEMR XLIMV S[R HIGMWMSRW 3R XLI GSRXVEV] TISTPI [LS PMZI [MXL XLIMV TEVIRXW EVI QSVI WL] ERH PIWW GSRJMHIRX *SV MRWXERGI QER] SJ XLI KVIEXIWX [SVPH PIEHIVW EVI SV LEZI FIIR TISTPI XLEX [IVI WITEVEXIH JVSQ XLIMV TEVIRXW [LIR XLI] [IVI OMHW

%RSXLIV EHZERXEKI SJ PMZMRK MRHITIRXP] MW XLEX TISPTI GER JYPP] HIZIPST XLIMV GVIEXMZI TSXIRXMEP ;LIR TISTPI MW JSVGIH XS HMJJMGYPX WMXYEXMSRW XLI] GER WYVTVMWI YW [MXL SYXWXERHMRK EFMPMXMIW ERH ZEPYIW XLEX SXLIV[MWI VIQEMRIH LMHHIR % KSSH I\EQTPI EVI FPMRH TISTPI XLIWI TIVWSR WLS[ E VIQEVOEFPI EFMPMX] JSV EVX ERH QYWMG -R E WMQMPEV [E] [LIR TEVIRXW EVI EFWIRX SV XSS E[E] JSV LIPT MRHMZMHYEPW QEREKI XS WYVZMZI ERH FI WYGGIWWJYP

8LSYKL WPMKLXP] WXVSRKIV XLER XLI EZIVEKI IWWE] [MXL E WGSVI SJ XLMW IWWE] JEMPW XS IEVR E WGSVI SJ QEMRP] FIGEYWI SJ IVVSVW XLEX SFWGYVI QIERMRK qVIJPIGXW [MWIW SJ JVIIHSQ ERH MRHITIRHIRGIr %PWS GSRRIGXMSRW EQSRK MHIEW EVI RSX EP[E]W GSQTPIXIP] GPIEV *SV I\EQTPI XLI HIXEMPW YWIH XS WYTTSVX XLI TSMRXW QEHI MR TEVEKVETLW ERH EVI GSRGVIXI FYX RSX [IPP GSRRIGXIH XS IEGL SXLIV SV XS XLI KIRIVEPM^EXMSRW QEHI F] XLI [VMXIV