Interferons, enzyme-mediated diagnostic kits, and recombinant vaccines. Marine biotechnology

is allowing better disease prevention and control of reproduction in fish, leading to

the creation of new possibilities in aquaculture. In the environmental field, bioremediation technology

is improving waste site cleanup and forest restoration-and providing new methods for

waste and water treatment, environmental monitoring, and air quality management. In agriculture,

biotechnology applications are allowing increased animal production and better survival in

marginal areas, improved animal health, and greater use of biofertilizers and genetically manipulated

micro-organisms. Future developments are expected in biosensors, biomaterials, and bioelectronics.

Vocabulary Notes to Text 13.7.1.5

1. digitalization — дигитализация

2. bandwidth — полоса пропускания

3. prosthetics — протезирование

4. combined-cycle combustion turbine — турбина с комбинированным типом возгорания

5. photovoltaics — фотоэлектричество

6. technically feasible — технически осуществимый

7. magnetic resonance imagery — магнитно-резонансное устройство формирования изображений

8. recombinant — рекомбинантный (термин относится к генетике)

9. bioremediation technology — технология биокоррекции

/

13.7.2. Match the following terms with the correct definition

Work with a partner.

1. technology

2. ro .56 . iscraon.tc3a4yaliergntla itcaplaultceleitnonitaovny

a) Practical application of scientific knowledge in the design,

construction and control of machines, public services such as

roads, bridges, electrical apparatus, chemicals, etc.

a) Practical aplication of scientific knowledge in the design, construction and control machines, public servicesuch as roads, bridges, electrical aparatus, chemicals, etc.

188

c) The sum of knowledge of the means and methods of producing

goods and services

d) All of the costs associated with exchanging, including the informational

costs of finding out price and quality, service

record, and durability of a product, plus the cost of contracting

and enforcing that contract.

e) A percentage of the revenue from the sale of know-how, performance

of a work, use of a patented invention or of land, of

a book, etc.; to the inventor, owner, or author.

f ) It is the part of a country’s or a firm's capital or an individual's

human capital that consists of ideas rather than something

more physical. It can often be protected through patents or

other intellectual property laws.

13.7.3. Read the text, complete it using the words from the box, and translate it into Russian

knowledge, technological, applied science, methods of organization, development,

economic growth

Technology is the sum of knowledge of the means and methods of producing goods and services.

Technology is not merely ... (1), because it often runs ahead of science — things are often

done without precise ... (2) of how or why they are done except that they are effective. Early

technology — craft skill — was almost entirely of this sort. Modem technology is increasingly

science-based, however, and, rather than relying on acquired skill, is easily communicable by

demonstration and printed material to those qualified to receive it. It also includes ... (3) as well

as physical technique. ...(4) change and the diffusion of technology are important in economics

because new methods, including those embodied in investment, play an important part in theories

of... (5). There is, however, some controversy about the extent to which technological... (6)