- •Часть II
- •Contents
- •Unit 1 water – nature’s treasure or …?
- •Answer the following questions. Work in groups of four.
- •2. Read the text «What is Water» and find out whose ideas were closest to the facts. What is Water?
- •3. Work in pairs. Here are the answers to some questions about the text. What are the questions?
- •4. Work in pairs. One student reads the given statements, the other pretends that he does not hear and asks him/her to repeat. Take turns.
- •5. Read the situations suggested choose the one you like, make up a dialogue and act it out.
- •6. Role play.
- •Imagine that you are one of the water states: ice, gas or water vapor. What’s happening with you?
- •7. You are a citizen of a big city who is very concerned with water resources problems. Write an article. Touch upon the following aspects.
- •Wordlist
- •Unit 2 hydrogeology
- •Terms and Vocabulary
- •Pay attention to the pronunciation of the following words.
- •Read the following word formations and remember their pronunciation.
- •Read the text “Hydrogeology: Key Terms and Concepts”, fulfill the exercises. Hydrogeology
- •4. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition.
- •5. Complete the sentences.
- •6. Give the English equivalents to the Russian words.
- •7. What are the subjects of the following sciences?
- •Answer the following questions.
- •9. Pay attention to the terms and expressions in the text.
- •Joseph Lucas and the Term "Hydrogeology"
- •11. These dates are the stages of hydrogeology term
- •12. Fill in the chart with the necessary information from the text.
- •13. Pay attention to the pronunciation of the following terms.
- •Unconfined Aquifer
- •15. Read the texts once more carefully and choose the correct alternative for these words and words combinations.
- •16. Find in the texts words with the opposite meaning to the following ones.
- •17. Match the words in the right column with the words in the left one.
- •18. Read underlined key hydrogeology terms and fulfill the after-reading exercises.
- •19.Match the English term with the Russian one.
- •20. Match the terms with the definitions.
- •21. Look at the diagrams below and describe them. Use the following words and word combinations.
- •Wordlist
- •Unit 3 the circulation of water in the interior of the earth
- •1. Read the following word formations and remember their pronunciation.
- •2. Read the text “Hydrologic cycle”. Pay attention to the diagram. Fulfill the exercises after the text.
- •Hydrologic Cycle
- •Match the English term with the Russian one.
- •4. Match the terms with definitions.
- •5. Fill in the gaps with the missing words. Don’t change the form given.
- •6. For questions 1-10 read the text below. Use the words in the box to the right of the text to form one word that fits in the same numbered space in the text. The exercise begins with an example (0).
- •7. Discussion- You have to give a lecture on “Hydrologic cycle”. Use the keys and diagram.
- •8. Now look at the keys for 45 seconds, try to remember the terms. Close your course book and write down the words. Be honest! The person who has more words is the winner.
- •9. Look at the schematic illustration of the hydrologic cycle for 30 seconds and then try to draw it. Afterwards ask your partner to describe it.
- •10. Work in groups and discuss your opinions. Can your group reach an agreement? Read the quotation of the famous hydrogeologist b.L.Lichkov and share your ideas.
- •11. Now prepare a presentation “The Hydrological Cycle” for the Student Science Conference. The following plan and phrases will help you. Plan
- •Useful phrases and expressions
- •Wordlist
- •References
- •Часть II
Match the English term with the Russian one.
1. precipitation |
A. град |
2. percolation |
B. поток, течение |
3. water table |
C. выпадение осадков |
4. infiltration |
D. испарение |
5. evapotranspiration |
E. подземный сток |
6. hail |
F. суммарное испарение |
7. stream |
G. поверхностный сток |
8. evaporation |
H. уровень подземных вод |
9. groundwater flow |
I. просачивание |
10. overland flow |
J. инфильтрация |
4. Match the terms with definitions.
1. evaporation |
A. The movement of rain or melting snow into the soil at the Earth’s surface |
2. evapotranspiration |
B. The sum of all processes by which water changes phase (from solid or liquid) to vapor and is returned to the atmosphere |
3. infiltration |
C. The physical process involving a phase change from liquid to vapor by which water is returned to the atmosphere |
4. precipitation |
D. The physical process by which water changes phase from liquid to vapor, is released through the stomata of a plant, and returns to the atmosphere |
5. transpiration |
E. The dominant process by which water vapor in the atmosphere is returned to the Earth’s surface either as liquid drops(e.g. rain) or solid particles (e.g. snow) under the influence of gravity |
5. Fill in the gaps with the missing words. Don’t change the form given.
gravity distribution crust hydrological
atmosphere circulation vapor
Water in liquid and solid form covers most of the 1._______of the Earth. By a complex process powered by 2._________ and the action of solar energy, an endless exchange of water, in 3. _________, liquid, and solid forms, takes place between the 4. __________, the oceans, and the crust. Water 5. ___________ in the air and in the oceans, as well as over and below the surface of landmasses. The 6. ____________of water in the planet is uneven. General patterns of circulation are present in the atmosphere, the oceans, and the landmasses, but regional features are very irregular and seemingly random in detail. Therefore, while causal relations underlie the overall process, it is believed that important elements of chance affect local 7. _______events.
(Encyclopedia of Science and Technology)
6. For questions 1-10 read the text below. Use the words in the box to the right of the text to form one word that fits in the same numbered space in the text. The exercise begins with an example (0).
DIFFERENT |
0 |
The motion of water can be described at many 0.________ scales. The fundamental concept of hydrology is the hydrological cycle – the global-scale, 1. _________ recirculatory process linking water in the atmosphere, on the continents, and in the oceans. We can think of this 2. _______ process in terms of reservoirs or compartments that store water (the oceans, atmosphere, etc.) and the 3.________ of water between them. Within the 4.________ compartments of the 5._____________ cycle, water can be stored in any one of these 6. ______ phases or stages: gas (vapor), liquid, or solid. For example, water in the atmosphere can exist as vapor (the 7. _________ of water vapor is expressed as 8. ________), in liquid (cloud droplets, rain drops), or in solid phase (ice crystals, snowflakes). Similarly, all three phases of water can be found on and below the land surface. Movement of water from one 9.__________ to another can occur in any of the three phases. For example, the movement of water between the oceans and atmosphere occurs in vapor phase 10._____________ from the ocean surface), liquid phase (rain onto the ocean surface), and solid phase (snowfall onto the ocean surface) |
0. DIFFER
1. END
2.CIRCULATE
3. MOVE 4. VARY
5. HYDROLOGY
6. SEPARATION
7.CONCENTRATE
8. HUMID
9. COMPART
10. EVAPORATE |