Word Study

Ex. 1. Read the following words. Mind the stress. State their meanings. Consult the dictionary if necessary.

'prior	en'forcement	,liqui'dation
'record	ack'nowledge	,infor'mation
'plaintiff	ex'change	,prepa'ration
'claim	in'spection
'relevant	rep'ly
	dis'pute

Ex. 2. Complete the list of derivatives. Use a dictionary if necessary.

Verb	noun (agent)	noun (concept)
to inspect
to refer
to enforce
to settle	settlement	settler
to serve
to record
to claim
to liquidate
to deliver
to reserve

Ex. 3. Pair the words in column A with the ones from column B.

	A		B
	1. summary		a) matters
	2. necessary		b) answer
	3. official		c) work
	4. specific		d) judgement
	5. brief		e) record
	6. debtor’s		f) steps
	7. plaintiff’s		g) goods
	8. preparatory		h) statement

Ex. 4. How are the following ideas expressed in one word?

1. the process by which the orders of a court may be enforced;

2. a legal order issued by the authority and in the name of the state to compel a person to do something;

3. affirmation, admission or declaration recognizing ownership, indicating authenticity, accepting responsibility, or undertaking an obligation to do something, such as to pay a debt;

4. the one who initially brings the suit; he who, in a personal action, seeks a remedy in a court of justice for an injury to his rights;

5. statements, in a logical and legal form, of the facts that constitute plaintiff’s cause of action and defendant’s ground of defence;

6. the first pleading of the plaintiff setting out the facts on which the claim is based;

7. it is not a mere answer or denial of plaintiff’s allegation, but assertion of an independent cause of action in favour of the defendant;

8. in legal practice, a point of fact or law disputed between the parties to the litigation, generally an assertion by one side and denial by the other.

Ex. 5. Match English and Russian equivalents.

prior proceedings	изучение документов;
enforcement of the judgement	заочное решение суда в пользу истца (вследствие неявки ответчика);
issuing and serving a writ	жалоба против истца;
acknowledgement service	доставить расписку;
an exchange of pleadings	принуждение к исполнению решения суда;
inspection of documents	предшествующие процедуры;
an official record	предмет судебных прений;
to deliver an acknowledgement	произносить заключительную речь;
the object of pleadings	обмен судебными прениями;
a complaint against the plaintiff	служба уведомления;
a default judgement	выписывание и доставление повестки;
to make a closing speech.	официальный протокол;

Ex. 6.   Choose the best alternative to complete the following sentences.

1. The proceedings prior to trial take much / little time.

2. Appeals procedure and enforcement of the judgement are proceedings after / before the trial.

3. The usual method of commencing an action / arrest is to issue a writ / warrant.

4. The form of acknowledgment is served by the plaintiff / by the defendant with the writ.

5. A pleading must contain a brief / full statement of the facts relied on.

6. The trial starts / ends with the plaintiff’s barrister / solicitor outlining the issues.

7. Finally the defendant’s barrister and then the plaintiff’s barrister will make a/an opening/closing speech.

8. The judge / foreman presents the verdict.

Ex. 7. Translate into English.

Источниками гражданского процессуального права в Англии являются прежде всего законодательные акты судоустройственного характера, определяющие структуру, компетенцию и некоторые вопросы деятельности судов соответствующих уровней (Закон о Верховном суде 1981 г., Закон о судах графств 1984 г., Закон о судах и юридических услугах 1990 г. и др.). Важную роль в регулировании гражданского судопроизводства играют законы об отправлении правосудия.