5. Сравните сказуемые по форме и дайте их русский эквивалент:

1. He should help you.

2. He should have helped you.

3. You should do your homework properly.

4. You shouldn’t have done that.

5. You ought to help her.

6. The experiment ought to be finished today.

1. You ought to have helped her yesterday.

2. He needn’t have done it.

3. Need I come at 8 o’clock?

4. You may take part in the research work.

5. He may have come to the University.

6. He may have forgotten about it.

7. She must take these books.

8. She must have taken these books.

9. This work must be done later.

10. You can find him here.

11. He cannot have done it.

12. This device cannot be repaired today.

6. Дайте русские эквиваленты следующих предложений, учитывая особенности перевода модальных глаголов:

1. First we should consider the arrangement of atoms in metals, i. e., in substances having thermal and electrical conductivities.

2. This field of force might be a simple static electric or a simple magnetic field.

3. Electronic devices must be built to fine limits if they are to function in the predicted manner.

4. A stream of electrons may be regarded as a large number of small bodies all moving in the same direction.

5. Electrons can be removed by the application of a very high electric field.

6. The fields might be very complicated ones.

7. From the purely physical point of view, electronics could be defined as the study of the motion of electrons in, or the interaction of electrons with, a field of force.

8. Matter may exist in any of its states: solid, liquid, gaseous.

9. We have to find another form of energy.

10. Several methods exist whereby sufficient energy may be supplied to the electrons in a metal in order that some of them may leave the metal.

11. You won’t be able to speak to him before the conference.

12. Electrons may be released from a gas in several different ways.

13. One of the requirements of an ideal optical system is that the magnification is to be constant.

14. We were not allowed to use our notes at the exam.

15. If there is a force between any pair of objects, we ought to be able to measure the force between them.

16. No further mention need be made of this elementary phenomenon, except to notice that excitation may be caused by any form of energy.

17. Efficient long-distance communication had to wait for the discovery of electricity.

18. It should be kept in mind that the initial electrons may be supplied by any of the methods discussed above.

19. We were to share the room with foreigners.

20. You shouldn’t have forgotten to leave a message for her.

7. Look through the following text, define the information presented in it and entitle the text.

Personal computers can imitate the operation of fax machines. Computer-based faxing enables people to transmit electronic computer files as faxes to another computer or to a conventional fax machine.

To send and receive facsimile transmissions, a computer must be equipped with faxing software and a fax modem, and it must be connected to a telephone line. The faxing software prompts the computer user to enter the fax number of the receiving computer or fax machine. The software compresses the file so it can be transmitted more efficiently, and then sends it to the fax modem. The modem converts digital computer files into analog signals so they can travel via telephone lines.

The fax modem of the receiving computer reconverts the analog telephone signal into a digital computer file. The faxing software on the receiving machine decompresses the file, and then notifies the computer user that a fax has been received. The receiver may choose to either view the fax in its electronic format or print it.

B. Read the following statements and say whether they are true or false. Correct the false ones.

1. Personal computers can imitate the operation of calculating machines.

2. Computer-based faxing enables people to copy electronic computer files.

3. To send and receive facsimile transmissions, a computer must be equipped with faxing software and a fax modem.

4. The software compresses the file so it can be transmitted less efficiently.

5. Digital computer files can’t travel via telephone lines.

6. Fax machine reconverts the analog telephone signal into a digital computer file.

7. The receiver may choose to either view the fax in its electronic format or print it.