Варіант 20

^{I. Перепишіть і письмово перекладіть на українську мову наступні речення.}

^{1. Now we know neutrino to have a rest mass (маса спокою) of about 30 electron-volts.}

^{2. The properties of the new material are known to be determined next month.}

^{3. Conduction is known to be a process by which heat is transmitted through a substance by molecular activity.}

^{4. All the changes of temperature and changes of state to be discussed are shown by a graph in Fig. 2.}

^{II. Перепишіть і письмово перекладіть на українську мову наступні речення. Зверніть увагу на переклад залежних і незалежного (самостійного) дієприкметникових зворотів (див. зразок виконання 2).}

^{1. Working with machines, sharp tools, motors one must always be careful.}

^{2. The stream of electrons moving along the conductor is called electric current.}

^{3. Powerful nuclear ice-breakers being built in our country, we began a new chapter in the history of Arctic exploration.}

^{III. Перепишіть і письмово перекладіть на українську мову наступні складні речення. Зверніть увагу на те, як переводяться умовні речення (див. зразок виконання 3).}

^{1. If you had translated the article, you could have used valuable data in your work.}

^{2. If the quality of the equipment were higher, the results of the experiment would be more accurate.}

^{3. It would be impossible to explain chemical phenomena without using the laws of physics.}

^{IV. Прочитайте й усно перекладіть із 1-го по 5-й абзаци тексту. Перепишіть і письмово перекладіть 1, 2, 3 і 4-й абзаци.}

^{Пояснення до тексту}

^{1. to go on - продовжувати}

^{2. to get down - приступати}

^{3. in distress - у лиху}

^{4. a great deal - величезне число}

Rescue from space

^{1. The tests of the international space search-and-rescue system COSPAS-SARSAT have been going on1 for five years. Its membrs are the USSR, the USA, France and Canada. Specialists believed that all these years would be spent on technically improving the system.}

^{2. But somewhat unexpectedly for its makers the COSPAS-SARSAT system got down2 immediately to the fulfilment of its direct duties - rescuing people in distress. The first stellar rescuer is known to be the Soviet satellite Kosmos-1383, equipped with a radio-electronic complex for detecting the signals of ships and aircraft.}

^{3. Today three satellites - two Soviet and one American - are already in operation. The system having demonstrated excellent performance in actual distress situations, we'll continue to cooperate more widely in its application.}

^{4. Soon there will be ten stations for receiving distress information: three in the USSR, three in the USA, and one each in Canada, France, Britain and Norway. By 1983 the COSPAS-SARSAT system had already saved 120 people.}

^{5. Considerable attention in the Soviet space programme is paid to researches aimed at solving problems for national science and economy. A great deal4 of scientific-technical and medical-biological experiments have been carried out. Numerous data concerning the earth's national resources, the atmosphere and seasonal changes are gathered. Biological experiments with the aim of developing the technology of growing plants in space conditions are continued. These experiments and data are of great practical importance.}

^{V. Прочитайте 5-й абзац тексту й відпишіть на наступне питання:}

^{What is the aim of biological experiments carried out in space?}