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1.2. Read the information below.

Oscar Wilde was actually talented as a dramatist, novelist, short story writer, essayist and poet. “The Importance of Being Earnest” was first performed at the St. James’ Theatre in London in 1895, and was published in 1899.

1.3. Read the plot summary of the play. Act 1

The play opens with ‘Ernest’ Worthing visiting his friend Algernon (Algy) Moncrieff in London. By chance Algernon discovers that ‘Ernest’ is really called Jack, and that he is guardian to a young woman, Cecily, who lives in his country house. Bored with the serious example he has to set Cecily, Jack has invented a fun-loving younger brother, called ‘Ernest’, who lives in London, and whom he often visits. In London, he explains, he is ‘Ernest’, and in the country, ‘Jack’.

At this point Algernon’s aunt, Lady Bracknell, and her daughter, Gwendolen, arrive for tea. Jack is in love with Gwendolen, and asks her to marry him. She tells him that, because of the magic of the name ‘Ernest’, she will accept him. Lady Bracknell says she will interview Jack before she agrees to the marriage.

During the interview Jack confesses he doesn’t know who his parents were. He explains how he was found, as a baby, in a handbag in Victoria Station, by a gentleman called Thomas Cardew, who adopted him, and gave him the name ‘Worthing’ after the seaside town he was travelling to at the time. Lady Bracknell is not happy for her daughter to marry someone with no parents, and leaves. Although Gwendolen promises to write to him in the country, Jack is depressed at the bad news. Algernon secretly decides to visit Jack’s country home, and introduce himself to Cecily.

Act 2

Cecily is in the garden of Jack Worthing’s country house with Miss Prism, her governess, who is trying to get her to study. Dr Chasuble, the canon, comes to call, and Miss Prism goes off for a walk with him, leaving Cecily alone. Algernon arrived, introducing himself as Jack’s brother, Ernest. Cecily confesses she has long been fascinated by stories about Ernest and invites him into the house. Miss Prism and Dr Chasuble return from their walk. And Jack arrives from London announcing that his brother, Ernest, is dead. Almost at once, Cecily comes out of the house to say that Ernest has come to stay. Jack cannot believe the news, but when Algernon appeares he realizes what has happened, and angrily tries to get Algy to leave. Algernon promises to go back to London, and Jack goes to see Dr Chasuble to make arrangements to be christened as Ernest. Algernon meets Cecily again and she confesses that, although she has never met him before, she has heard so much about ‘Ernest’ that she has long been in love with him. They get engaged. Algernon goes to visit Dr Chasuble to arrange to be christened as Ernest.

Gwendolen arrives unexpectedly from London, and Cecily receives her in the garden. In the course of the conversation they discover, to their great surprise, that they are both engaged to be married to Ernest. Jack returns to be confronted by the two women and Algernon enters soon afterwards. Gwendolen and Cecily refuse to forgive the two men for their deception and retire into the house.

Act 3

Jack and Algernon are forgiven when they reveal they have both made plans to be christened as Ernest that afternoon. The lovers reconciliation is interrupted by the arrival of Lady Bracknell, who has followed Gwendolen to the country. She refuses to recognize Gwendolen’s engagement to Jack, but is delighted to discover that Algernon is engaged to Cecily when she hears how rich Cecily is. Jack, however, refuses to allow the engagement between Cecily and Algernon unless Lady Bracknell agrees to his engagement to Gwendolen.

Lady Bracknell and Gwendolen are about to return to London when Dr Chasuble arrives to inform Jack and Algernon that all is ready for their christenings. When Miss Prism’s name is mentioned by chance, Lady Bracknell becomes very excited and demands to meet her. Miss Prism enters and is horrified when she sees Lady Bracknell. After some discussion it becomes clear that it was Miss Prism who left Jack at Victoria Station when he was a baby, and that he is actually the eldest son of Lady Bracknell’s sister, and thus Algernon’s elder brother. In addition to this, Lady Bracknell remembers that he was named after his father, Ernest John Moncrieff. The play ends with the two couples in each others’ arms, and, somewhat unexpectedly, with Miss Prism and Dr Chasuble also embracing.

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